Search results for "Standing"
showing 10 items of 198 documents
Ultrahigh-Q Tunable Whispering-Gallery-Mode Microresonator
2009
Typical microresonators exhibit a large frequency spacing between resonances and a limited tunability. This impedes their use in a large class of applications which require a resonance of the microcavity to coincide with a predetermined frequency. Here, we experimentally overcome this limitation with highly prolate-shaped whispering-gallery-mode "bottle microresonators" fabricated from standard optical glass fibers. Our resonators combine an ultra-high quality factor of 360 million, a small mode volume, and near lossless fibre coupling, characteristic of whispering-gallery-mode resonators, with a simple and customizable mode structure enabling full tunability.
On-chip periodic arrays of optical traps based on the superposition of guided modes in silicon waveguides
2019
Since the pioneering work of Kawata and Tani [1], photonic waveguides have long been regarded as efficient optical conveyor belts for potential lab-on-a-chip applications. Indeed, near-field optical forces arising at the surface of such waveguides lead to efficient on-chip guided propulsion of micro- and even nanoparticles [2], as well as cells and bacteria in liquid solutions [3]. However, achieving stable and precisely controlled optical trapping of particles at the surface of a waveguide has been made possible only recently, and even then, it still requires complex photonic electro-optic tools to produce and handle on-chip standing waves [4].
Continuous wave dual-wavelength operation at 1048 and 1386 nm in Nd<sup>3+</sup>:LaBGeO<inf>5</inf> for yellow laser light ge…
2007
We present results on simultaneous oscillation in continuous-wave at 1048 and 1386 nm in Nd3+:LaBGeO5 crystal. LaBGeO5 is a nonlinear positive uniaxial crystal with potential application for intracavity generation of yellow laser radiation at 597 nm. Due to the different cross section in both laser channels, simultaneous oscillation is achieved by axial hole burning in a standing wave (linear cavity). It is concluded that a stable output laser spectrum is obtained for an absorbed pump power of 700 mW. A laser competition with alternating single-channel and dual-channel oscillation at different pump regimes was observed in the experiments.
Actinic EUVL mask blank defect inspection by EUV photoelectron microscopy
2006
A new method for the actinic at-wavelength inspection of defects inside and ontop of Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) multilayer-coated mask blanks is presented. The experimental technique is based on PhotoElectron Emission Microscopy (PEEM) supported by the generation of a standing wave field inside and above the multilayer mask blank when illuminated near the resonance Bragg wavelength at around 13.5 nm wavelength. Experimental results on programmed defect samples based on e-beam lithographic structures or PSL equivalent silica balls overcoated with an EUV multilayer show that buried defects scaling down to 50 nm in lateral size are detectable with further scalability down to 30 nm …
Actinic inspection of sub-50 nm EUV mask blank defects
2007
A new actinic mask inspection technology to probe nano-scaled defects buried underneath a Mo/Si multilayer reflection coating of an Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography mask blank has been implemented using EUV Photoemission Electron Microscopy (EUV-PEEM). EUV PEEM images of programmed defect structures of various lateral and vertical sizes recorded at around 13 nm wavelength show that 35 nm wide and 4 nm high buried line defects are clearly detectable. The imaging technique proves to be sensitive to small phase jumps enhancing the visibility of the edges of the phase defects which is explained in terms of a standing wave enhanced image contrast at resonant EUV illumination.
Phase defect inspection of multilayer masks for 13.5 nm optical lithography using PEEM in a standing wave mode
2007
We report on recent developments of an "at wavelength" full-field imaging technique for defect inspection of multilayer mask blanks for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). Our approach uses photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) in a near normal incidence mode at 13.5 nut wavelength to image the photoemission induced by the EUV wave field on the multilayer blank surface. We analyze buried defects on Mo/Si multilayer samples down to a lateral size of 50 nm and report on first, results obtained from a six inches mask blank prototype as prerequisite for industrial usage. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Wittgenstein a la luz de Aristóteles
2008
This paper compares the way Aristotle explains how one body gets alive or the way one mind manages to understand, with the way Wittgenstein discusses some questions as how is it possible to get meaning from the sign, or to follow a rule. The paper’s goal is not to establish a real influence of Aristotle on Wittgenstein, but to explore some logical aspects of their explanation patterns, with the aim of clarifying several notions of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy. El artículo compara el modo como Aristóteles explica que un cuerpo llegue a vivir o que una mente llegue a entender, con el esquema explicativo que emplea Wittgenstein para dar cuenta de problemas como éstos: ¿qué hace posible que …
The water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of the standing waters of Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily: review and new data
2014
A compilation of our present knowledge of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) adapted to life in standing waters on the three large islands in the western Mediterranean (Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily) is provided. In addition to published data, this study deals with a rich volume of new material from recent field work, mostly deriving from intermittent ponds and pools, an extremely poorly investigated yet peculiar habitat type in the Mediterranean area. Species richness of water mites reported for the standing waters of the three islands amounts to 91 species. Out of the 47 species for which we present new distributional data, Hydrachna incisa Halbert, 1903, Hydrachna leegei Koenike, 1895,…
Malinteso
2007
About misunderstanding’s literary history and meaning.
School fitness tests as predictors of adult health-related fitness.
2006
Relationships between adolescent physical fitness and adult health-related fitness were investigated. Forty-five subjects (20 males, 25 females) participated in physical fitness tests in 1976 and again in 2001. The adolescent physical fitness tests were distance running (2,000 m for boys or 1,500 m for girls), 50 m run, pull-ups (boys) or flexed arm hangs (girls), shuttle run, a 30-sec sit-up test, standing broad jump, hand grip-test, and sit-and-reach test. The adult health-related physical fitness index (APFI), stratified by sex, was formed by summing the z-scores of a bicycle ergometer test, sit-up test, hand-grip test, and sit-and-reach test. Height- and weight-adjusted correlations bet…