Search results for "Static"

Efficacy of trifluridine and tipiracil (TAS-102) versus placebo, with supportive care, in a randomized, controlled trial of patients with metastatic …

2016

[Purpose] TAS-102 is a combination of the thymidine-based nucleoside analog trifluridine and the thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor tipiracil. Efficacy and safety of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) refractory or intolerant to standard therapies were evaluated in the phase 3 RECOURSE trial. Results of RECOURSE demonstrated significant improvement in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with TAS-102 versus placebo [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.68 and 0.48 for OS and PFS, respectively; both P < 0.001]. The current analysis evaluates efficacy and safety of TAS-102 in the RECOURSE Spanish subgroup.

The Clinical Efficacy of Enzalutamide in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Prospective Single-center Study

2017

Background/Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of enzalutamide in Italian patients with hormone-refractory metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, progressing after chemotherapy with docetaxel plus prednisone. Patients and Methods: A total of 60 patients were enrolled. Reduction in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was assessed as the primary endpoint, while reduction in pain, safety, progression-free survival and overall survival represented secondary endpoints. Results: Enzalutamide was well tolerated, with a manageable toxicity profile and a modest objective response rate. A considerable difference in serum levels of PSA before and after treatment was observed. A significant …

Tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes expressing FoxP3, CCR7 or PD-1 predict the outcome of prostate cancer patients subjected to salvage radiotherapy aft…

2016

Tumor immunologic microenvironment is strongly involved in tumor progression and the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with different phenotypes has been demonstrated to be of prognostic relevance in different malignancies. We investigated whether TIL infiltration of tumor tissues could also predict the outcome of prostate cancer patients. To this end, we carried out a retrospective analysis correlating the outcome of locally advanced prostate cancer patients undergone salvage radiotherapy upon relapse after radical surgery with the infiltration by different TIL populations. Twenty-two patients with resectable prostate cancer, with a mean age of 67 (+/−3.93) years, who receiv…

Cross-sectional associations between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use and cancer diagnosis in US adults

2020

The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use and cancer incidence (overall, and breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers specifically) in a large representative sample of US adults. Cross-sectional data on cancer diagnosis, timing of cancer diagnosis, ACE inhibitor use, and other characteristics were extracted from 49 512 adults aged ≥ 20 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2016). Multivariable-logistic and propensity score matching (PSM) regressions examined the relationship between pre-diagnosis use of ACE inhibitors and diagnosis of all cancers, and breast, pro…

Targeted Metabolomics Analyses Reveal Specific Metabolic Alterations in High-Grade Prostate Cancer Patients

2020

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a hormone-dependent tumor characterized by an extremely heterogeneous prognosis. Despite recent advances in partially uncovering some of the biological processes involved in its progression, there is still an urgent need for identifying more accurate and specific prognostic procedures to differentiate between disease stages. In this context, targeted approaches, focused on mapping dysregulated metabolic pathways, could play a critical role in identifying the mechanisms driving tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this study, a targeted analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic profile of PCa patients with different tumor grades, guided by transcriptom…

Aggressive variants of prostate cancer – Are we ready to apply specific treatment right now?

2019

Recently, adoption of novel drugs for systemic treatment of metastatic prostate cancer has led to a striking improvement of response rate and survival in both hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant disease. In most cases, prostate cancer essentially depends on androgen receptor signaling axis, even in castration-resistant setting, and hence may be targeted by second generation hormonal therapy. However, a subset of patients bears androgen-independent cancer biology with a short-term response to hormonal treatment, early and extensive visceral metastases, low PSA levels and poor outcomes. Identification and specific management of these rapidly fatal malignancies is of an unmet medical ne…

Involvement of Bax and Bcl-2 in induction of apoptosis by essential oils of three Lebanese Salvia species in human prostate cancer cells

2018

Prostate cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in men, and research to find more effective and less toxic drugs has become necessary. In the frame of our ongoing program on traditionally used Salvia species from the Mediterranean Area, here we report the biological activities of Salvia aurea, S. judaica and S. viscosa essential oils against human prostate cancer cells (DU-145). The cell viability was measured by 3(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was used to quantify necrosis cell death. Genomic DNA, caspase-3 activity, expression of cleaved caspase-9, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X (Ba…

Sample size planning of two-arm superiority and noninferiority survival studies with discrete follow-up

2016

In clinical trials using lifetime as primary outcome variable, it is more the rule than the exception that even for patients who are failing in the course of the study, survival time does not become known exactly since follow-up takes place according to a restricted schedule with fixed, possibly long intervals between successive visits. In practice, the discreteness of the data obtained under such circumstances is plainly ignored both in data analysis and in sample size planning of survival time studies. As a framework for analyzing the impact of making no difference between continuous and discrete recording of failure times, we use a scenario in which the partially observed times are assig…

Fractionated Radiation of Primary Prostate Basal Cells Results in Downplay of Interferon Stem Cell and Cell Cycle Checkpoint Signatures

2018

Clinical parameters to guide decision-making in elderly metastatic colorectal CANCER patients treated with intensive cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic th…

2017

// Gemma Bruera 1, 2 , Antonio Russo 3 , Antonio Galvano 3 , Sergio Rizzo 3 and Enrico Ricevuto 1, 2 1 Oncology Territorial Care, S. Salvatore Hospital, Oncology Network ASL1 Abruzzo, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy 2 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy 3 Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Correspondence to: Antonio Russo, email: antonio.russo@usa.net Keywords: elderly, intensive treatment, metastatic colorectal cancer, triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab, unfit Received: June 07, 2016     Accepted: November 24, 2016     Published:…