Search results for "Statistics & Probability"

showing 10 items of 436 documents

Contributed discussion on article by Pratola

2016

The author should be commended for his outstanding contribution to the literature on Bayesian regression tree models. The author introduces three innovative sampling approaches which allow for efficient traversal of the model space. In this response, we add a fourth alternative.

Statistics and Probabilitymodel selectionMarkov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)Bayesian regression treeComputer scienceBig dataBayesian regression tree (BRT) modelsComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTINGbirth–death processMachine learningcomputer.software_genreSequential Monte Carlo methods01 natural sciencespopulation Markov chain Monte Carlo010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakebig data0502 economics and businessBayesian Regression Trees (BART)0101 mathematics050205 econometrics Bayesian treed regressionMultiple Try Metropolis algorithmsINFERÊNCIA ESTATÍSTICAbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsModel selection05 social sciencesRejection samplingData scienceVariable-order Bayesian networkTree (data structure)Tree traversalMarkov chain Monte Carlocontinuous time Markov processsymbolsArtificial intelligencebusinessBayesian linear regressioncommunication-freecomputerGibbs samplingBayesian Analysis
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Systematic handling of missing data in complex study designs : experiences from the Health 2000 and 2011 Surveys

2016

We present a systematic approach to the practical and comprehensive handling of missing data motivated by our experiences of analyzing longitudinal survey data. We consider the Health 2000 and 2011 Surveys (BRIF8901) where increased non-response and non-participation from 2000 to 2011 was a major issue. The model assumptions involved in the complex sampling design, repeated measurements design, non-participation mechanisms and associations are presented graphically using methodology previously defined as a causal model with design, i.e. a functional causal model extended with the study design. This tool forces the statistician to make the study design and the missing-data mechanism explicit…

Statistics and Probabilitymultiple imputationComputer sciencecomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinenon-responseSampling design030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsCausal modelta112Clinical study designInverse probability weightingSampling (statistics)non-participationMissing dataData sciencedoubly robust methodsSurvey data collectionData miningStatistics Probability and Uncertaintycomputerinverse probability weightingStatisticiancausal model with designJournal of Applied Statistics
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Random walk approximation of BSDEs with H{\"o}lder continuous terminal condition

2018

In this paper, we consider the random walk approximation of the solution of a Markovian BSDE whose terminal condition is a locally Hölder continuous function of the Brownian motion. We state the rate of the L2-convergence of the approximated solution to the true one. The proof relies in part on growth and smoothness properties of the solution u of the associated PDE. Here we improve existing results by showing some properties of the second derivative of u in space. peerReviewed

Statistics and Probabilitynumerical schemeHölder conditionSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probabilityMathematics::Probability0101 mathematicsBrownian motionrandom walk approximationSecond derivativeMathematicsstokastiset prosessitSmoothness (probability theory)numeeriset menetelmät010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisSpeed of convergenceBackward stochastic differential equationsFunction (mathematics)State (functional analysis)Random walk[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]random walk approxi-mationbackward stochastic differential equationsspeed of convergencespeed of convergence MSC codes : 65C30 60H35 60G50 65G99Mathematics - Probability
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A multi-scale approach for testing and detecting peaks in time series

2020

An approach is presented that combines a statistical test for peak detection with the estimation of peak positions in time series. Motivated by empirical observations in neuronal recordings, we aim at investigating peaks of different heights and widths. We use a moving window approach to compare the differences of estimated slope coefficients of local regression models. We combine multiple windows and use the global maximum of all different processes as a test statistic. After rejection, a multiple filter algorithm combines peak positions estimated from multiple windows. Analysing neuronal activity recorded in anaesthetized mice, the procedure could identify significant differences between …

Statistics and Probabilitypeak detection ; multi-scale ; linear regression ; neuronal ensembles ; Brain statesSeries (mathematics)Scale (ratio)business.industry05 social sciencesPattern recognition01 natural sciencesPeak detection010104 statistics & probabilityBrain state0502 economics and businessLinear regressionArtificial intelligence0101 mathematicsStatistics Probability and Uncertaintybusiness050205 econometrics Statistical hypothesis testingMathematics
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Spatio-temporal statistical methods in environmental and biometrical problems

2017

This is the editorial letter for the Special Issue dedicated to the VIII International Workshop on Spatio-temporal Modelling (METMAVIII) which took place in Valencia (Spain) from 1 to 3 June 2016, and to the second Galician-Portuguese meeting of Biometry, with applications to Health Sciences, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BIOAPP2016) held in Santiago de Compostela (Spain), 30–2 July 2016. This special issue summarises and discusses selected peer-reviewed contributions related to spatial and spatio-temporal statistical methodologies comprising both new methodological approaches and a wide range of applications related to environmental and biometrical problems. Point processes, lattice …

Statistics and Probabilitypore structuresOzone concentration0208 environmental biotechnologyAir pollutionEcological data02 engineering and technologyManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesseismic data010104 statistics & probabilityenvironmental applicationsBiomedical dataecological dataStatistical analysesmedicineEcological data0101 mathematicsComputers in Earth SciencesEnvironmental applicationsbiomedical dataCancer mortalityScience & Technologyhake recruitmentsBiomedical data020801 environmental engineeringGeography13. Climate actionPlant speciesHake recruitmentsSeismic dataPhysical geographyPore structures
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A semiparametric approach to estimate reference curves for biophysical properties of the skin

2006

Reference curves which take one covariable into account such as the age, are often required in medicine, but simple systematic and efficient statistical methods for constructing them are lacking. Classical methods are based on parametric fitting (polynomial curves). In this chapter, we describe a new methodology for the estimation of reference curves for data sets, based on nonparametric estimation of conditional quantiles. The derived method should be applicable to all clinical or more generally biological variables that are measured on a continuous quantitative scale. To avoid the curse of dimensionality when the covariate is multidimensional, a new semiparametric approach is proposed. Th…

Statistics::TheoryKernel density estimationcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability0502 economics and businessCovariateSliced inverse regressionApplied mathematicsStatistics::MethodologySemiparametric regression0101 mathematics[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance050205 econometrics MathematicsParametric statisticsDimensionality reduction05 social sciencesNonparametric statistics[ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance3. Good health[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologieC140;C630Data miningcomputerQuantile
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Comparing fMRI inter-subject correlations between groups using permutation tests

2018

AbstractInter-subject correlation (ISC) based analysis is a conceptually simple approach to analyze functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired under naturalistic stimuli such as a movie. We describe and validate the statistical approaches for comparing ISCs between two groups of subjects implemented in the ISC toolbox, which is an open source software package for ISC-based analysis of fMRI data. The approaches are based on permutation tests. We validated the approaches using five different data sets from the ICBM functional reference battery tasks. First, we created five null datasets (one for each task) by dividing the subjects into two matched groups and assumed that no gr…

Studentized rangemedicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryPoolingPattern recognitioncomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesPermutation0302 clinical medicineVoxelmedicineArtificial intelligence0101 mathematicsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingbusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Pricing of Forwards and Options in a Multivariate Non-Gaussian Stochastic Volatility Model for Energy Markets

2013

In Benth and Vos (2013) we introduced a multivariate spot price model with stochastic volatility for energy markets which captures characteristic features, such as price spikes, mean reversion, stochastic volatility, and inverse leverage effect as well as dependencies between commodities. In this paper we derive the forward price dynamics based on our multivariate spot price model, providing a very flexible structure for the forward curves, including contango, backwardation, and hump shape. Moreover, a Fourier transform-based method to price options on the forward is described.

TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUSspread optionStatistics and Probability15A04Computer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryFinancial economicsNormal backwardationImplied volatility01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probabilityEnergy marketVolatility swap0502 economics and businessEconometricsForward volatilitystochastic volatility0101 mathematicsMathematics050208 financeStochastic volatilityApplied Mathematics05 social sciencesContangosubordinatorforward pricing91G20Forward priceVolatility smile60H3060G1060G51Advances in Applied Probability
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On achieving near-optimal “Anti-Bayesian” Order Statistics-Based classification fora asymmetric exponential distributions

2013

Published version of a Chapter in the book: Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40261-6_44 This paper considers the use of Order Statistics (OS) in the theory of Pattern Recognition (PR). The pioneering work on using OS for classification was presented in [1] for the Uniform distribution, where it was shown that optimal PR can be achieved in a counter-intuitive manner, diametrically opposed to the Bayesian paradigm, i.e., by comparing the testing sample to a few samples distant from the mean - which is distinct from the optimal Bayesian paradigm. In [2], we showed that the results could be extended for a few sym…

Uniform distribution (continuous)Cumulative distribution functionBayesian probabilityOrder statistic02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Mathematics: 410::Analysis: 411Combinatorics010104 statistics & probabilityBayes' theoremExponential familyclassification using Order Statistics (OS)VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Information and communication science: 420::Knowledge based systems: 4250202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringApplied mathematics020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0101 mathematicsNatural exponential familymoments of OSBeta distributionMathematics
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The Potsdam Open Source Radio Interferometry Tool (PORT)

2021

The Potsdam Open Source Radio Interferometry Tool (PORT) is the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) analysis software developed and maintained at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. Chiefly, PORT is tasked with the timely processing of VLBI sessions and post-processing activities supporting the generation of celestial and terrestrial reference frames. In addition, it serves as a framework for research and development within the GFZ's VLBI working group and is part of the tool set employed in educating young researchers. Starting out from VLBI group delays, PORT estimates station and radio sources positions, as well as Earth orientation parameters, tropospheric parameters, a…

Very long baseline interferometry (1769) [Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts]media_common.quotation_subjectgeosciences01 natural sciencesFork (software development)German010104 statistics & probabilityAstronomy data analysis (1858)Astrometry (80)The Potsdam Open Source Radio Interferometry ToolVery long baseline interferometry (1769)0103 physical sciences0101 mathematics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsLibrary functionmedia_commonAstronomy and AstrophysicsArt520 Astronomie und zugeordnete WissenschaftenPort (computer networking)language.human_languageOpen source[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]Space and Planetary Sciencevery long baseline interferometrylanguageddc:520Research developmentVLBIPORTHumanities
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