Search results for "Stomata"
showing 10 items of 90 documents
Plant response to irrigation with saline water in a Sicilian vineyard: results of a three-years field investigation
2012
This paper reports the results of a three-year field investigation carried out in a vineyard located in Sicily (Mazara del Vallo, Trapani) within the framework of the Project: Evolution of cropping systems as affected by climate change (CLIMESCO). Research investigated soil-plant response to irrigation performed with water having two different salinity levels; soil hydrological characteristics, soil salinity, crop transpiration and stomatal conductance were measured in field plots. The results proved that crop transpiration and stomatal conductance were significantly affected by soil salinity conditions (expressed as electrical conductivity of the soil saturated water extract). A significan…
The effect of saline water on Phillyrea angustifolia L. seedlings
2013
Water limitations in the Mediterranean areas are very common and the use of saline water for plant irrigation is becoming a necessity. Salinity generally affects plant growth and physiological processes, and can eventually lead to leaf injuries and plant death. For these reasons, the selection of salt tolerant species is a priority for landscaping purposes in the Mediterranean areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of saline water on Phillyrea angustifolia plant performance. Seventy-five rooted cuttings were grown in the greenhouse in 4-liter pots and irrigated for 5 months with saline water at different NaCl concentrations for two consecutive years. In 2010, 45 plant…
Transpiration rates and hydraulic conductance of two olive genotypes with different sensitivity to drought
2019
Although some mechanisms of leaf dehydration tolerance are known in olive (Olea europaea L.), insights on adjustments in stem and root hydraulic conductance (K) in response to drought are yet to be explored. This work investigated transpiration mechanisms and K regulations in two olive genotypes showing different sensitivity to drought stress. In 2017, one-year-old potted ‘Nocellara del Belice’ (NB) and ‘Cerasuola’ (CE) plants were set in a greenhouse and double-bagged to avoid evaporation from soil surface. Half of the plants were drought-stressed (DS, no irrigation) for more than 30 days and the remaining plants were well-watered (WW). At the end of the drought period, stem and root porti…
REVISION OF PLETHIANDRA HOOK.F.: A POLYSTAMINATE, EAST ASIAN GENUS OF MELASTOMATACEAE
2006
Plethiandra (Melastomataceae–Melastomatoideae–Dissochaeteae) comprises seven species in Borneo and one (P. sessiliflora) in the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia and central Sumatra. Plethiandra is easily recognized by its polystaminate androecium, having 16–40 stamens with short, straight, inappendiculate anthers. The closely related Medinilla has a diplostemonous androecium with 8–12 stamens and variously appendaged anthers. Ontogenetic studies in P. hookeri show that the increase in stamen number in Plethiandra results from subdivision of the stamen primordia into three or more subprimordia.This paper provides a key, genus and species descriptions including diagnostic characters, dist…
Growth, yield and fruit quality of 'Tropic Snow' peach on size-controlling rootstocks under dry Mediterranean climates
2013
Abstract A six-year trial was carried out to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of low-chill, early-ripening ‘Tropic Snow’ peach grown on five peach × almond rootstocks, different for their vigor. The study was conducted in south-western Sicily using 45 V-trained peach trees planted in 2005 and grafted on GF677, the most common rootstock in Sicily, and four low-vigor rootstocks selected at the Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, namely IS5/8 (Polluce), IS5/19 (Castore), IS5/23, and IS5/29. Trunk circumference, winter and summer pruning weight, total number and weight of fruits per tree, and major fruit quality traits were recorded…
Nothodissotis (Melastomataceae), a new genus from Atlantic Central Africa, including the new species N. alenensis from Equatorial Guinea
2019
Based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, a new genus of Melastomataceae (Melastomateae), Nothodissotis Veranso-Libalah & G.Kadereit, gen. nov., is described from Atlantic Central Africa. Nothodissotis is distinguished from other African Melastomateae genera by its calyx-lobes that are notched at apex and asymmetrical (vs. entire and symmetrical). Nothodissotis includes two species: the type species N.barteri (Hook.f.) Veranso-Libalah & G.Kadereit, comb. nov. (syn. Dissotisbarteri Hook.f.), and the new species N.alenensis Veranso-Libalah & O. Lachenaud, sp. nov., described and illustrated here. Both species are restricted to open vegetation on rock outcrops w…
Ploidy levels in Citrus clementine affects leaf morphology, stomatal density and water content
2013
The objective of the present study was to understand the relationship among leaf morphology, stomatal characteristics and water relations in triploids generated through anther culture and their counterpart diploid plant of C. clementina. Triploid plants possessed small and narrow leaves as compared to diploid plant as evident by less leaf length, leaf width and leaf area. By contrast, the leaf index was observed to be more in triploids than haploid ones. Flow cytometric analysis re-confirmed the ploidy levels of heterozygous plant Hd as diploid and the ploidy of Th1, Th2, Th3 and Th4 plants as triploids. A positive relation was found between ploidy level and stomatal guard cell length and w…
A β-1,3 Glucan Sulfate Induces Resistance in Grapevine against Plasmopara viticola Through Priming of Defense Responses, Including HR-like Cell Death
2008
Sulfated laminarin (PS3) has been shown previously to be an elicitor of plant defense reactions in tobacco and Arabidopsis and to induce protection against tobacco mosaic virus. Here, we have demonstrated the efficiency of PS3 in protecting a susceptible grapevine cultivar (Vitis vinifera cv. Marselan) against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) under glasshouse conditions. This induced resistance was associated with potentiated H2O2 production at the infection sites, upregulation of defense-related genes, callose and phenol depositions, and hypersensitive response-like cell death. Interestingly, similar responses were observed following P. viticola inoculation in a tolerant grapevine hybri…
A comparison of growth, gas exchange and productivity in Olea europaea cultivars growing on Mediterranean hills.
2008
This work concerns the ecophysiology of olive cultivars growing on Mediterranean hills. Our aim was to quantify the photosynthetic efficiency of the cultivars in cultivation. In two hill areas, we tested the phenological and ecophysio- logical variability of olive cultivars grown on non-irrigated land, with different pedo-climatic characteristics. Cultivation area 1 falls within a natural protected area, while area 2 is on farming land. The cultivars selected (‘Biancolilla’, ‘Nocellara del Belice’ and ‘Giarraffa’) belong to the local genetic pool and require different amounts of water. We followed the phe- nological phases of shoot growth and drupe production. We studied leaf anatomy and ch…
Observations on ant-plant interactions in Pachycentria and other genera of the Dissochaeteae (Melastomataceae) in Sabah and Sarawak
1998
Summary In Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia) ant-plant interactions of Dissochaeteae were studied in the field. Whereas some species of Dissochaeteae show only loose and fortuitous interactions with ants as the result of the provision of pearl bodies and nesting places which are used by ants facultatively, Pachycentria constricta and P. glauca show a complex relationship with ants mediated by other ant plants. Both species provide pearl bodies and potential nesting space or shelter for ants in dried out and hollow root swellings. The main characteristic which differentiates them from all other Melastomataceae interacting with ants are their particular seeds which are attractive to ants and carri…