Search results for "Stromal Cell"
showing 10 items of 264 documents
PDGFRa/β expression correlates with the metastatic behavior of human colorectal cancer: A possible rationale for a molecular targeting strategy
2008
As new multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors are emerging in the therapy of various malignancies, our aim was to define the co-expression pattern of receptor-tyrosine-kinase platelet-derived growth factor receptors alpha and beta (PDGFRalpha/beta) in human colorectal cancer. The co-expression pattern of PDGFRalpha/beta was analyzed by RT-PCR in 99 histologically confirmed human colorectal carcinomas and five colorectal cancer cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was applied for confirmation of expression and analysis of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) localisation. The colorectal cancer cell lines that were analysed revealed varying expression intensities of PDGFRalp…
A new cell line (8701-BC) from primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of human breast
1989
A cell line, designated 8701-BC, was established in culture from tissue fragments of primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of human breast. The cell cultures after the sixth passage were devoid of contaminating fibroblasts as judged by the positive staining of all cells with the specific epithelial cell markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and cytokeratin 8. The epithelial nature of these cells was confirmed by ultrastructural analyses which demonstrated the retention of specific structural properties characteristic of the original tumour. The cells possessed an abnormal karyotype with 55-60 chromosomes per cell with numerous rearrangements. They do not e…
Influence of interferon-alpha on cytokine expression by the bone marrow microenvironment--impact on treatment of myeloproliferative disorders.
1996
Myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) are characterized by several common clinical and biological features, although at the molecular level, each disease entity exhibits distinct abnormalities. IFN-alpha exerts beneficial therapeutic effects in chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia, resulting in control of hematopoietic hyperplasia and, in a minority of patients, in induction of cytogenetic remission. The mechanism of action of IFN-alpha in MPD is poorly defined. Recently published in vitro findings suggest that IFN-alpha interacts with the regulation of hematopoiesis by multiple ways. Its antiproliferative activity is well known for more than a decade, …
Molecular principles of cancer invasion and metastasis (Review)
2009
The main threat and the reason for most cancer deaths are not the primary neoplasias, but secondary tumors, the metastases. Drastic phenotypic and biochemical changes occur during the metamorphosis of a normal tissue cell into an invasive cancer cell. These alterations concern various areas such as growth factor signaling, cell-cell adhesion, gene expression, motility or cell shape. Cancer cells of epithelial origin can even shed their typical qualities and characteristics and adopt a mesenchymal-like phenotype. This is often referred to as an epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Various oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and metastasis suppressor genes are known to affect the invasiveness and…
Interleukin-6 and the soluble interleukin-6 receptor induce stem cell factor and Flt-3L expression in vivo and in vitro.
2001
Abstract Objective We recently established transgenic animals expressing either interleukin-6 (IL-6) or the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) alone, or both components, IL-6 and the sIL-6R, in the liver. This animal model demonstrated that the expression of IL-6 in combination with its sIL-6R led to extramedullary expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells in the spleen and liver. Materials and Methods We studied other relevant hematopoietic cytokines involved in the IL-6/sIL-6R–induced stimulation of hematopoiesis. Results Using immunohistochemistry, we showed that cell-associated stem cell factor (SCF) and Flt-3L expression were upregulated in liver and spleen only in double transgenic mice…
Abstract 3193: Development of a colon cancer model system reveals epithelial contribution to poor-prognosis gene signatures
2016
Abstract Background: Recent consensus on molecular classification categorizes colorectal cancer (CRC) into 4 robust subtypes: CMS1 (epithelial-MSI), CMS2 (epithelial-canonical), CMS3 (epithelial-metabolic) and CMS4 (mesenchymal)1. CMS4 is linked to poor cancer prognosis and characterized by mesenchymal and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene expression2,3. Recent attempts to deconvolute the transcriptome from CRC tumors have suggested that the mesenchymal gene expression results from a large stromal compartment and is not due to epithelial cells with EMT-like features4,5. This challenges the classic notion that tumor cells activate the EMT program to undergo trans-differentiatio…
Tumor and its microenvironment: a synergistic interplay.
2013
The mutual and interdependent interaction between tumor and its microenvironment is a crucial topic in cancer research. Recently, it was reported that targeting stromal events could improve efficacies of current therapeutics and prevent metastatic spreading. Tumor microenvironment is a "complex network" of different cell types, soluble factors, signaling molecules and extracellular matrix components, which orchestrate the fate of tumor progression. As by definition, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be the unique cell type able to maintain tumor mass and survive outside the primary tumor at metastatic sites. Being exposed to environmental stressors, including reactive oxygen species …
Role of adjuvant imatinib dose in radically resected GIST harboring KIT exon 9 mutations
2020
11533 Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) with a driver mutation in KIT exon 9 (Ex9) represent about 10% of all newly diagnosed cases. In the metastatic setting, Ex9-mutated GIST patients benefit from higher doses of imatinib (800 mg/day vs standard 400 mg/day). The additional therapeutic benefit from a higher dose of imatinib in the adjuvant setting in this molecular subgroup has not been confirmed. Methods: We retrospectively identified 105 patients (pts) with resected Ex9-mutated GIST treated with adjuvant imatinib (800 mg/day or 400 mg/day) in 15 different European centers. Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Imatinib Failure-Free Survival (IFFS) were calculated and analyzed…
Preclinical and Clinical Characterization of Fibroblast-derived Neuregulin-1 on Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab Activity in HER2-positive Breast Cancer.
2021
[Purpose]: To characterize expression of neuregulin-1 (NRG1), an HER3 ligand, in HER2-positive breast cancer and its relation with the efficacy of trastuzumab with or without pertuzumab.
Tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic roles of c-Kit: mast cells as the primary off-target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
2011
c-Kit tyrosine kinase receptor and its ligand stem cell factor have multiple functions during development, whereas in adulthood they are mostly needed for stem cell (SC) maintenance and mast cell (MC) biology. c-Kit plays an essential tumor-cell-intrinsic role in many types of cancer, either providing the tumorigenic force when aberrantly activated or conferring stem-like features characterizing the most aggressive variants. A tumor-cell-extrinsic role occurs through c-Kit-dependent accessory cells (such as MCs) that infiltrate tumors and deeply influence their progression. c-Kit-targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may ideally work against both tumor and stromal cells. H…