Search results for "Subcutaneous"

Malignant granular cell tumor of soft tissues: a study of two new cases.

2001

We describe 2 cases of malignant granular cell tumor. A marked discrepancy exists concerning the criteria of malignancy of this rare entity, which was diagnosed in male patients aged 41 and 52 years, respectively. They presented with tumors measuring more then 3.5 cm; one arose in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in the region of the scapula, whereas the other was situated in deeper soft tissue in the pelvis. One case, with previous diagnosis of benign granular cell tumor, presented local recurrence 2 years after the initial diagnosis. The other case presented a fascicular pattern of growth invading adjacent muscular tissue. Both neoplasms were composed of polygonal and spindle cells, sho…

Secretion of autoimmune antibodies in the human subcutaneous adipose tissue

2018

The adipose tissue (AT) contributes to systemic and B cell intrinsic inflammation, reduced B cell responses and secretion of autoimmune antibodies. In this study we show that adipocytes in the human obese subcutaneous AT (SAT) secrete several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which contribute to the establishment and maintenance of local and systemic inflammation, and consequent suboptimal immune responses in obese individuals, as we have previously shown. We also show that pro-inflammatory chemokines recruit immune cells expressing the corresponding receptors to the SAT, where they also contribute to local and systemic inflammation, secreting additional pro-inflammatory mediators.…

Insulin resistance is associated with altered amino acid metabolism and adipose tissue dysfunction in normoglycemic women

2016

AbstractInsulin resistance is associated adiposity, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to identify early metabolic alterations associated with insulin resistance in normoglycemic women with varying degree of adiposity. One-hundred and ten young and middle-aged women were divided into low and high IR groups based on their median HOMA-IR (0.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 1.2). Body composition was assessed using DXA, skeletal muscle and liver fat by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, serum metabolites by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and adipose tissue and skeletal muscle gene expression by microarrays. High HOMA-IR subjects had higher serum branched-chain …

Subcutaneous injection of exosomes reduces symptom severity and mortality induced by Echinostoma caproni infection in BALB/c mice.

2016

Recent studies have shown the importance of exosomes in the host-parasite relationship. These vesicles are an important part of the excretory/secretory pathway for proteins with the potential to alter immune responses. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the immunomodulatory role of exosomes in BALB/c mice using Echinostoma caproni as an experimental model of intestinal helminth infection. For this purpose, BALB/c mice were injected twice s.c. with purified exosomes of E. caproni, followed by experimental infection. We report a delay in the development of the parasite in mice immunised with exosomes, a concomitant reduced symptom severity and increased survival upon infection. Immu…

5-Fluorouracil and recombinant alpha interferon-2a in the treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma: a dose optimization study

1990

A dose optimization study was carried out with the aim of identifying the maximally tolerated dose of recombinant alpha interferon-2a (raIFN-2a) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5FU). 5FU was given at the dose of 750 mg/m2 over a 4-hour infusion on day 1- - greater than 5 followed by 750 mg/m2 weekly i.v. bolus. Recombinant aIFN-2a was started at 3 x 10(6) IU subcutaneously three times/week. 12 patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma were included in the study. 10 patients had previously received chemotherapy for advanced disease. Severe fatigue, most likely attributable to rIFN, was the dose-limiting toxicity. The dosage of raIFN-2a could not be further escalated above 12 x 10(6) IU…

Assessing the Contribution of Relative Macrophage Frequencies to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

2021

Background: Macrophages play an important role in regulating adipose tissue function, while their frequencies in adipose tissue vary between individuals. Adipose tissue infiltration by high frequencies of macrophages has been linked to changes in adipokine levels and low-grade inflammation, frequently associated with the progression of obesity. The objective of this project was to assess the contribution of relative macrophage frequencies to the overall subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression using publicly available datasets.Methods: Seven publicly available microarray gene expression datasets from human subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies (n = 519) were used together with TissueDecod…

GENOMIC AND PROTEOMIC EVALUATION OF VISCERAL AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE DERIVED STEM CELLS AND FUNCTIONAL ROLES OF PLURIPOTENCY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Dosage individualization of erythropoietin using a profile-dependent support vector regression

2003

The external administration of recombinant human erythropoietin is the chosen treatment for those patients with secondary anemia due to chronic renal failure in periodic hemodialysis. The objective of this paper is to carry out an individualized prediction of the EPO dosage to be administered to those patients. The high cost of this medication, its side-effects and the phenomenon of potential resistance which some individuals suffer all justify the need for a model which is capable of optimizing dosage individualization. A group of 110 patients and several patient factors were used to develop the models. The support vector regressor (SVR) is benchmarked with the classical multilayer percept…

Subcutaneous and omental fat expression of adiponectin and leptin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2007

Objective To assess message expression of adiponectin and leptin in visceral and SC fat in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in control women. Design Prospective clinical trial. Setting Academic medical centers in Mexico City, Mexico and New York, New York. Patient(s) Women with PCOS and control women. Intervention(s) Surgical biopsies of visceral (omental) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue, fasting blood samples, and ultrasound measurements of visceral and SC fat. Main Outcome Measure(s) Messenger RNA assessment of adiponectin and leptin in adipose tissue samples; serum measurements of adiponectin, leptin, glucose, insulin, and hormone levels; measurements of fat quantity …

Insulin sensitivity and secretion and adipokine profile in patients with Cushing’s disease treated with pasireotide

2018

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of pasireotide on β-cell and adipose function in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD). Methods: Clinical and hormonal parameters, insulin secretion evaluated by HOMA-β and by the area under the curve (AUC2h) of C-peptide during a mixed meal tolerance test and insulin sensitivity, evaluated by the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp, were evaluated in 12 patients with active CD, before and after 6 and 12 months of pasireotide. In addition, a panel of adipokines including leptin (Ob), leptin/leptin receptor ratio (Ob/Ob-R ratio), adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (AFABP) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) was evaluated at…