Search results for "Suppressor"
showing 10 items of 532 documents
Chromosome 1 abnormalities in myeloid malignancies: a literature survey and karyotype-phenotype associations.
2009
Chromosome 1 is the largest human chromosome and contains over 1600 known genes and 1000 novel coding sequences or transcripts. It is, therefore, not surprising that recurrent chromosome 1 abnormalities are regularly encountered in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic medical conditions. The current review is focused on myeloid malignancies where we summarize the relevant published literature and discuss specific karyotype-phenotype associations. We show that chromosome 1 abnormalities are most frequent in BCR-ABL-negative classic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN): polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Specific abnormalities include duplicat…
SIRT1 prevents genotoxic stress-induced p53 activation in acute myeloid leukemia
2014
SIRT1 is an important regulator of cellular stress response and genomic integrity. Its role in tumorigenesis is controversial. Whereas sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) can act as a tumor suppressor in some solid tumors, increased expression has been demonstrated in many cancers, including hematologic malignancies. In chronic myeloid leukemia, SIRT1 promoted leukemia development, and targeting SIRT1 sensitized chronic myeloid leukemia progenitors to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. In this study, we investigated the role of SIRT1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We show that SIRT1 protein, but not RNA levels, is overexpressed in AML samples harboring activating mutations in signaling pathways. In FMS-l…
Rôle de Tif1gamma dans les différenciations granulo-monocytaire et macrophagique
2015
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a hematologic stem cell disease whose characteristics correspond to myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative syndroms (MDS/MPS). Hematopoietic conditional deletion of Tif1γ in mice leads to the development of a MDS/MPS, mimiking human CMML, when age is comprised between 6 to 10 months, defining Tif1γ as a tumour suppressor gene. Moreover, peritoneal macrophage population in these mice is decreased despite a monocytosis.The aims of my work were first to characterize in sick mice the myeloid population, and second to study macrophage differentiation. The myeloid population in Tif1γΔ/Δ mice is morphologically immature, with granulocytic and monocytic feature…
AIF-1 and RNASET2 are involved in the inflammatory response in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis following Vibrio infection
2022
Filter-feeding bivalves, such as the Mytilus species, are exposed to different types of bacteria in the surrounding waters, in particular of the Vibrio genus. Mussels lack an adaptive immune system and hemocytes can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to activate intracellular signaling pathways to trigger the antimicrobial effectors synthesis. Among the areas of bivalve immunity that deserve study include the role of hemocyte subpopulations. Since little information are available on immune responses at the tissue level to human pathogenic vibrios commonly detected in coastal waters involved in seafood-borne diseases, in this wor…
Netrins guide migration of distinct glial cells in the Drosophila embryo
2010
Development of the nervous system and establishment of complex neuronal networks require the concerted activity of different signalling events and guidance cues, which include Netrins and their receptors. In Drosophila, two Netrins are expressed during embryogenesis by cells of the ventral midline and serve as attractant or repellent cues for navigating axons. We asked whether glial cells, which are also motile, are guided by similar cues to axons, and analysed the influence of Netrins and their receptors on glial cell migration during embryonic development. We show that in Netrin mutants, two distinct populations of glial cells are affected: longitudinal glia (LG) fail to migrate medially …
Characterization of neutrophil subsets in healthy human pregnancies
2014
We have previously shown that in successful pregnancies increased arginase activity is a mechanism that contributes to the suppression of the maternal immune system. We identified the main type of arginase-expressing cells as a population of activated low-density granulocytes (LDGs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in term placentae. In the present study, we analyzed the phenotype of LDGs and compared it to the phenotype of normal density granulocytes (NDGs) in maternal peripheral blood, placental biopsies and cord blood. Our data reveal that only LDGs but no NDGs could be detected in placental biopsies. Phenotypically, NDGs and LDGs from both maternal and cord blood expressed diff…
Involvement of PKC and NF-κB in Nitric Oxide Induced Apoptosis in Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells
2001
Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells is critically involved in progression of atherosclerosis and may prevent intimal hyperplasia in restenosis and vascular remodeling. Nitric oxide (NO) is known to induce apoptosis, but the signaling pathways still remain unclear. We investigated p53 accumulation, protein kinase C (PKC) activation and nuclear transcription factor (NF-kappaB) binding activity as possible signaling mechanisms of NO-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was induced dose-dependently with the NO-donors sodiumnitroprusside (SNP: 232+/-48%) and SIN-1 (241+/-90% of actinomycin D induced apoptosis; means +/- SEM, *por =0.05 vs. control) in HSMC. Inhibition of PKC significantly attenuat…
Effects of the MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3a on sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to berberine and modified berberines in the presence and absence of…
2021
Abstract Approaches to improve pancreatic cancer therapy are essential as this disease has a very bleak outcome. Approximately 80% of pancreatic cancers are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). A key regulatory gene frequently mutated (∼75%) in PDAC is the TP53 tumor suppressor gene which controls the transcription of multiple genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, cancer progression and other growth regulatory processes. The mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) gene product is a nuclear-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase and negatively regulates the TP53 protein which results in its proteasomal degradation. Various MDM2 inhibitors have been isolated and examined in clinical t…
Oncogene-Associated Growth Behavior and Oxygenation of Multicellular Spheroids from Rat Embryo Fibroblasts
1994
It is now well documented that naturally occurring and experimentally induced tumors develop by a multistep process involving different stages such as unlimited growth, metastasis, and invasiveness. There is much evidence that malignant transformation involves activation of oncogenes and/or loss of suppressor genes (= anti-oncogenes). The former fundamental class of genes, including the ras and myc families, are associated with cell proliferation and differentiation and may mediate tumor initiation, promotion and progression (for reviews see: Spandidos, 1985; Spandidos and Anderson, 1987, Weinberg, 1989).
Functional polymorphisms in SOCS1 and PTPN22 genes correlate with the response to imatinib treatment in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid…
2011
a b s t r a c t The function of the natural modulators of BCR-ABL-induced signaling pathways could influence the results to imatinib treatment. We assessed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on genes of the phosphatase family and the suppressors of cytokine signaling and the response to imatinib in 105 patients newly diagnosed with chronic-phase CML. SNPs in SOCS1 (rs243327) and PTPN22 (rs2476601) genes correlated with the risk of primary resistance to imatinib. A high-risk Sokal score, the T allele in PTPN22 SNP, and each copy of the C allele in SOCS1 SNP were adverse prognostic factors for failure-free survival (FFS). Based on such parameters, three risk groups…