Search results for "Surveillance"
showing 10 items of 494 documents
First nation-wide estimation of tobacco consumption in Spain using wastewater-based epidemiology
2020
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become a very useful tool to monitor a population's drug consumption or exposure to environmental and food contaminants. In this work, WBE has been applied to estimate tobacco consumption in seven Spanish regions. To this end, 24 h composite wastewater samples were taken daily for one week in 17 wastewater treatment plants, covering altogether a population of ca. 6 million inhabitants. The samples were treated by enzymatic deconjugation and the wastewater content of two human-specific nicotine metabolites (namely, cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine) was measured to estimate the daily consumption of nicotine. The population-weighted average nicotine…
FluDetWeb: an interactive web-based system for the early detection of the onset of influenza epidemics
2009
Abstract Background The early identification of influenza outbreaks has became a priority in public health practice. A large variety of statistical algorithms for the automated monitoring of influenza surveillance have been proposed, but most of them require not only a lot of computational effort but also operation of sometimes not-so-friendly software. Results In this paper, we introduce FluDetWeb, an implementation of a prospective influenza surveillance methodology based on a client-server architecture with a thin (web-based) client application design. Users can introduce and edit their own data consisting of a series of weekly influenza incidence rates. The system returns the probabilit…
WIDAR: Bistatic WI-fi Detection And Ranging for off-the-shelf devices
2013
The huge spread of wireless networks and the success of location-aware applications require novel indoor po- sitioning mechanisms based on existing technologies such as IEEE 802.11. Taking inspiration from the RADAR, we propose WIDAR: a bistatic WI-fi Detection And Ranging system for off- the-shelf devices. WIDAR implementation is based on the USRP2 platform and is able to locate 802.11 stations while they operate in existing legacy networks. No substitution or repositioning of the Access Points is necessary. WIDAR works passively and does not expect any dedicated action from the target WiFi node. No airtime is wasted and the target cannot even detect that it is being ranged. Such features …
"Introduction¨, Histoire documentaire du communisme,
2017
National audience
Coverage path planning based on waypoint optimization, with evolutionary algorithms.
2019
The goal of this paper is to optimize the coverage of a vast and complexarea such that its mosaic image can be created. To find the best waypoints, twomethods have been investigated: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and GeneticAlgorithms (GA). Our investigation proved that GA is a better method due toits performance and adaptability. After having performed experiments to compare the algorithms, a hybridization of GA and PSO is investigated.The proposed method can be applied on large areas with irregular shapes, such as agricultural fields, and it provides a minimized number of waypoints that must be flown over by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The experiments were made to simulate the …
THE FRENCH NATIONAL SOIL QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK (RMQS) AS A SUPPORT FOR MONITORING SOIL BIODIVERSITY: past, present and future programs
2021
Soil biodiversity would represent about 25% of the species on Earth. It is threatened, and although it is essential for human activities, it remains largely unknown. The French National Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) has a significant impact in removing the grey areas through its programs on soil microorganisms, soil meso and macrofauna, meadow flora, truffles and more recently enzymatic activities. The first distribution maps of bacterial phyla on a national scale and of soil fauna on a regional scale (in Brittany) have been developed. For the white truffle, three new areas of presence have been identified in France. The habitats of the bacteria were also described for the first ti…
Factors related to the relative survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a population-based study in France: does socio-economic st…
2017
IF 7.702; International audience; The survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has increased during the last decade as a result of addition of anti-CD20 to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Although the trend is encouraging, there are persistent differences in survival within and between the USA and European countries suggesting that non-biological factors play a role. Our aim was to investigate the influence of such factors on relative survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter, registry-based study in France on 1165 incident cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma between 2002 and 2008. Relative survival analyses were p…
Import of norovirus infections in the Netherlands and Ireland following pilgrimages to Lourdes, 2008--preliminary report.
2008
International audience; Between mid-September and 19 October 2008, nine clusters of norovirus infection involving around 90 primary cases and over a hundred secondary cases were identified in patients from the Netherlands, Ireland, Italy and France, linked to pilgrimage to Lourdes, France.
Exploitation des données d’epidémiosurveillance à l’échelle de la décade : les pratiques culturales en colza influencent aussi indirectement la compo…
2013
The ‘Biovigilance Flore’ national weed survey gathers about 5400 field data over 714 communes and 9 years. At this spatial and temporal scale, it is possible to partition the impact of different factors on weed flora and to highlight differences between generalist species and species more specialized to particular environmental or agricultural conditions. In this article, we analyzed and compared changes in weed flora of both oilseed rape and winter wheat. Results showed that a part of changes observed in winter wheat can be attributed to new species ‘entering’ or increasing their frequencies in oilseed rape. On one hand, this results stress the importance of considering the crop rotation s…
La vidéoprotection, une gabegie
2011
Tribune publiée dans le quotidien Le Monde; Ce que l’Etat appelle désormais "vidéoprotection" et qu’il tente de généraliser à toutes les collectivités territoriales (et aux bailleurs sociaux) par une pression politique et une incitation financière, consiste à déployer des caméras dans l’espace public, dans les rues de nos villes et de nos villages, pour y surveiller tout en général et rien en particulier, en affirmant que cela aura des effets à la fois préventifs et répressifs permettant de diminuer la délinquance. Or, les évaluations scientifiques contredisent cette affirmation, remettant ainsi en question la bonne gestion de cet argent public.