Search results for "Syntax"

On the metalanguage of the first Grammar of Aymara (1603)

This paper investigates the linguistic categories adopted by the Jesuit missionary Ludovico Bertonio in his early modern European description of the Andean language of Aymara. Like other missionary grammars in the Spanish colonial world, Bertonio’s linguistic work tends to impose traditional terms and classifications, familiar to Latin and Romance languages, to an indigenous language that is completely different in its typological structure from the IndoEuropean model and exhibits morphological and syntactic strategies that were entirely new at that time. Thus, in his description of noun declension, the missionary grammarian reduces the rich Aymara case system to only six case endings (caso…

Survey of Formal Verification Methods for Smart Contracts on Blockchain

2019

Due to the immutable nature of distributed ledger technology such as blockchain, it is of utter importance that a smart contract works as intended before employment outside test network. This is since any bugs or errors will become permanent once published to the live network, and could lead to substantial economic losses; as manifested in the infamous DAO smart contract exploit hack in 2016. In order to avoid this, formal verification methods can be used to ensure that the contract behaves according to given specifications. This paper presents a survey of the state of the art of formal verification of smart contracts. Being a relatively new research area, a standard or best practice for fo…

Functional competition within a membrane: Lipid recognition vs. transmembrane helix oligomerization

2015

Abstract Binding of specific lipids to large, polytopic membrane proteins is well described, and it is clear that such lipids are crucial for protein stability and activity. In contrast, binding of defined lipid species to individual transmembrane helices and regulation of transmembrane helix monomer–oligomer equilibria by binding of distinct lipids is a concept, which has emerged only lately. Lipids bind to single-span membrane proteins, both in the juxta-membrane region as well as in the hydrophobic membrane core. While some interactions counteract transmembrane helix oligomerization, in other cases lipid binding appears to enhance oligomerization. As reversible oligomerization is involve…

FrameNet Resource Grammar Library for GF

2012

In this paper we present an ongoing research investigating the possibility and potential of integrating frame semantics, particularly FrameNet, in the Grammatical Framework (GF) application grammar development. An important component of GF is its Resource Grammar Library (RGL) that encapsulates the low-level linguistic knowledge about morphology and syntax of currently more than 20 languages facilitating rapid development of multilingual applications. In the ideal case, porting a GF application grammar to a new language would only require introducing the domain lexicon - translation equivalents that are interlinked via common abstract terms. While it is possible for a highly restricted CNL,…

Perspectives on Language and Linguistics

2021

The scientific interests of Lucio Melazzo have been addressed to diverse research fields, from ancient to modern Indo-European languages, from etymology to formal syntax, from history of linguistics to studies on ancient Greek philosophers. On occasion of his retirement from his university activities, we have decided to offer him this volume, which gathers the contributions of many distinguished scholars who have accepted to participate in this project. We appreciate that the variety of the book contents reflects the variety of Lucio Melazzo’s own interests.

Polisemia e slittamenti semantici nei concetti ANIMA e CORPO nel mondo occidentale, ovvero l'Errore di San Paolo

2006

Storicamente il cristianesimo deve molto al giudaismo. Il cristianesimo di San Paolo, tuttavia, ha cambiato il modo di ragionare su concetti come il sé, il corpo, e la cognizione umana. Senza volere trattare certi concetti teologici, mi prefiggo di sottolineare come il punto di vista della scienza moderna è più vicino al giudaismo tradizionale che al cristianesimo, e di spiegare la diffusione dell’“errore” di Paolo nel mondo occidentale, analizzando la semantica dei riferimenti linguistici (e in particolar modo le metafore e le metonimie) dei concetti anima e corpo e del rapporto con la concezione del sé. Cresciuto da “uomo franco” cioè, da cittadino romano in un ambiente cosmopolita, Paolo…

ROP, the Drosophila Sec1 homolog, interacts with syntaxin and regulates neurotransmitter release in a dosage-dependent manner.

1998

The Sec1 family of proteins is thought to function in both non-neuronal and neuronal secretion, although the precise role of this protein family has not been defined. Here, we study the function of ROP, the Drosophila Sec1 homolog, in neurotransmitter release. Electrophysiological analyses of transgenic lines overexpressing ROP and syntaxin, a presynaptic membrane protein, indicate that ROP interacts with syntaxin in vivo. Characterization of four point mutations in ROP shows that they fall into two phenotypic classes. Two mutations cause a dramatic reduction in both evoked and spontaneous neurotransmitter release. In contrast, the other two mutations reveal an increase in evoked neurotrans…

A module for syntactic processing in music?

2006

Music and language have rules governing the structural organization of events. By analogy to language, these rules are referred to as the ‘syntactic rules’ of music. Does this analogy imply that the brain actually performs syntactic computations on musical structures, similar to those for language and based on a specialized module [1–3]? In contrast to linguistic syntax, which involves abstract computation between words, rules governing musical syntax are rooted in psychoacoustic properties of sound: syntactically related events are related on a sensory level and involve only weak acoustical deviance.

Is mathematics syntax of language?, II

1995

Around 1930 R. Carnap, H. Hahn and M. Schlick,1 largely under the influence of L. Wittgenstein, developed a conception of the nature of mathematics2 which can be characterized as being a combination of nominalism and conventionalism and which had been foreshadowed in Schlick’s doctrine about implicit definitions.3 Its main objective, according to Hahn and Schlick,4 was to conciliate strict empiricism5 with the a priori certainty of mathematics. According to this conception (which, in the sequel, I shall call the syntactical viewpoint) mathematics can completely be reduced to (or replaced by) syntax of language.6 I.e. the validity of mathematical propositions consists solely in their being c…

A syntaxonomical survey of the Sicilian dwarf shrub vegetation belonging to the class Rumici-Astragaletea siculi

2005

Basing on literature data and unpublished relevés from Sicily, a survey of the syntaxa belonging to the class Rumici-Astragaletea siculi Pignatti & Nimis 1980 em. Mucina 1997 (= Cerastio-Carlinetea nebrodensis Brullo 1984) is presented. The class groups orophilous plant communities dominated by dwarf- shrubs, often with a pulvinate and thorny growth form. The class is represented in Sicily by two orders: Rumici-Astragaletalia siculi Pignatti & Nimis 1980, including the sole alliance Rumici-Astragalion siculi Poli 1965, restricted to Mount Aetna, and Erysimo-Jurinetalia bocconei Brullo 1984, including two alliances: the acidophilous Armerion nebrodensis Brullo 1984 and the basiphilous Cerast…