Search results for "Systematics"

showing 10 items of 6702 documents

Defense Priming in Nicotiana tabacum Accelerates and Amplifies ‘New’ C/N Fluxes in Key Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways

2020

: In the struggle to survive herbivory by leaf-feeding insects, plants employ multiple strategies to defend themselves. One mechanism by which plants increase resistance is by intensifying their responsiveness in the production of certain defense agents to create a rapid response. Known as defense priming, this action can accelerate and amplify responses of metabolic pathways, providing plants with long-lasting resistance, especially when faced with waves of attack. In the work presented, short-lived radiotracers of carbon administered as 11CO2 and nitrogen administered as 13NH3 were applied in Nicotiana tabacum, to examine the temporal changes in &lsquo

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineNicotiana tabacumamino acid metabolismPlant Science01 natural sciencesplant insect herbivorySerine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesislcsh:Botanynitrogen-13Shikimate pathwaycarbon-11Secondary metabolismEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsX-ray fluorescence imagingchemistry.chemical_classificationEcologybiologydefense primingJasmonic acidfungifood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationlcsh:QK1-989Amino acidMetabolic pathway030104 developmental biologychemistryBiochemistryisotope ratio analysis010606 plant biology & botanyPlants
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Transcriptome Response of Metallicolous and a Non-Metallicolous Ecotypes of Noccaea goesingensis to Nickel Excess

2020

Root transcriptomic profile was comparatively studied in a serpentine (TM) and a non-metallicolous (NTM) population of Noccaea goesingensis in order to investigate possible features of Ni hyperaccumulation. Both populations were characterised by contrasting Ni tolerance and accumulation capacity. The growth of the TM population was unaffected by metal excess, while the shoot biomass production in the NTM population was significantly lower in the presence of Ni in the culture medium. Nickel concentration was nearly six- and two-fold higher in the shoots than in the roots of the TM and NTM population, respectively. The comparison of root transcriptomes using the RNA-seq method indicated disti…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineNoccaea goesingensisPopulationecotypeschemistry.chemical_elementPlant ScienceBiology01 natural sciencesArticleShoot biomassTranscriptome03 medical and health scienceslcsh:Botanynickel (Ni)BotanyeducationGeneEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicseducation.field_of_studytoleranceEcologyEcotypeEthylene metabolismlcsh:QK1-989Nickel030104 developmental biologychemistryShoot<i>Noccaea goesingensis</i>transcriptome010606 plant biology & botanyPlants
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2017

Both effective population size and life history may influence the efficacy of purifying selection, but it remains unclear if the environment affects the accumulation of weakly deleterious nonsynonymous polymorphisms. We hypothesize that the reduced energetic cost of osmoregulation in brackish water habitat may cause relaxation of selective constraints at mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed 57 complete mitochondrial genomes of Pungitius pungitius collected from brackish and freshwater habitats. Based on inter- and intraspecific comparisons, we estimated that 84% and 68% of the nonsynonymous polymorphisms in the freshwater and brackish …

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineNonsynonymous substitutionGeneticseducation.field_of_studyMitochondrial DNAEcologyPopulationEuryhalineBiologybiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGenetic load03 medical and health sciencesNegative selection030104 developmental biologyPungitiusEffective population size14. Life underwatereducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsNature and Landscape ConservationEcology and Evolution
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Morphological and molecular analysis of Henricia Gray, 1840 (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) from the Northern Atlantic Ocean

2017

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineNorth Atlantic OceanbiologyDNA-analyysiHenriciabiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesbarcodingMolecular analysis03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOceanographymorfologiaAsteroideameritähdetta1181Animal Science and Zoologymolecular analysisHenriciaGray (horse)Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsCOI and 16SZoological Journal of the Linnean Society
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The genus Cyclops (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) in Europe

2016

16 páginas, 23 figuras, 1 tabla, información suplementaria.

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineNuclear genebiologyPhylogenetic treeCytochrome bZoologyCyclopoidaCyclopsbiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences18S ribosomal RNA03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyTaxonGeneticsAnimal Science and ZoologyTaxonomy (biology)Molecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics
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Females pay the oxidative cost of dominance in a highly social bird.

2018

12 pages; International audience; Understanding the evolution and maintenance of social behaviour requires a better understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying the trade-offs between the benefits and costs of social status. Social dominance is expected to provide advantages in terms of access to resources and to reproduction but acquiring and maintaining dominance may also entail physiological costs. Dominant individuals are likely to engage more frequently in aggressive behaviours and/or may allocate a substantial amount of energy and resources to signal their status. Hence, dominance is likely to involve multiple physiological processes that stimulate aerobic metabolism and l…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineOXYsocial dominanceOxidative phosphorylationSocial behaviourBiologyphysiological costsTrade-offmedicine.disease_cause010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesFemale healthmedicineoxidative stressEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicstrade-offPhiletairus socius030104 developmental biologyDominance (ethology)AgeingROMsAnimal Science and Zoology[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyOxidative stressDemographySocial status[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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2019

Parents can influence offspring dispersal through breeding site selection, competition, or by directly moving their offspring during parental care. Many animals move their young, but the potential role of this behavior in dispersal has rarely been investigated. Neotropical poison frogs (Dendrobatidae) are well known for shuttling their tadpoles from land to water, but the associated movements have rarely been quantified and the potential function of tadpole transport in dispersal has not been addressed. We used miniature radio-transmitters to track the movements of two poison frog species during tadpole transport, and surveyed pool availability in the study area. We found that parental male…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineOffspringmedia_common.quotation_subjectZoologyRainforestBiologybiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesTadpoleCompetition (biology)03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologySpatial behaviorAnimal ecologyBiological dispersalPaternal careEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsmedia_commonEvolutionary Ecology
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Do mosses really exhibit so large distribution ranges? Insights from the integrative taxonomic study of the Lewinskya affinis complex (Orthotrichacea…

2019

The strikingly lower number of bryophyte species, and in particular of endemic species, and their larger distribution ranges in comparison with angiosperms, have traditionally been interpreted in terms of their low diversification rates associated with a high long-distance dispersal capacity. This hypothesis is tested here with Lewinskya affinis (≡ Orthotrichum affine), a moss species widely spread across Europe, North and East Africa, southwestern Asia, and western North America. We tested competing taxonomic hypotheses derived from separate and combined analyses of multilocus sequence data, morphological characters, and geographical distributions. The best hypothesis, selected by a Bayes …

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineOld WorldRange (biology)ZoologyBryophytaBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesBryopsida03 medical and health sciencesSpecies SpecificityGeneticsOrthotrichaceaeEndemismMolecular BiologyPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeographyOrthotricheaeDiscriminant AnalysisReproducibility of ResultsBayes TheoremAfrica Eastern15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationMossBryopsidaEurope030104 developmental biologyLong-distance dispersalDiversificationNorth AmericaBiological dispersalBryophyteMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
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Multiple shifts to open habitats in Melastomateae (Melastomataceae) congruent with the increase of African Neogene climatic aridity

2018

International audience; AimAfrican Melastomateae (Melastomataceae) comprise c. 185 species occurring in closed or open habitats throughout sub-Saharan Africa. We sought to reconstruct biogeographical and habitat history, and shifts in diversification rates of African Melastomateae using a well-sampled, dated molecular phylogeny.LocationAmericas, sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, SE Asia.TaxonAngiosperms, Melastomataceae, African Melastomateae.MethodsPhylogenetic relationships were estimated based on an extensive sampling of New and Old World Melastomateae, using two nuclear and three plastid markers. Divergence times were estimated in BEAST based on three calibration priors under Bayesian unc…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineOld WorlddiversificationMelastomataceaeBiogeography[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]divergence timeNeogene010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesopen habitatsclosed habitats[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsbiogeographyhabitat shiftsEcologybiologyEcology15. Life on landbiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyGeographyTaxonHabitatMolecular phylogeneticsAfricaMelastomataceaeBiological dispersalNeogenegrassland
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Opportunity costs resulting from scramble competition within the choosy sex severely impair mate choosiness.

2016

12 pages; International audience; Studies on mate choice mainly focus on the evolution of signals that would maximize the probability of finding a good-quality partner. Most models of sexual selection rely on the implicit assumption that individuals can freely compare and spot the best mates in a heterogeneous population. Comparatively few studies have investigated the consequences of the mate-sampling process. Several sampling strategies have been studied from theoretical or experimental perspectives. They belong to two families of decision rules: best-of-n strategies (individuals sample n partners before choosing the best one within this pool) or threshold strategies (individuals sequenti…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineOpportunity costmate-sampling strategyPopulationSample (statistics)010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEvolutionarily stable strategy03 medical and health sciences[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisEconometricseducationintrasexual competitionEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecologyeducation.field_of_studythreshold decision rulechoosinessDecision rule030104 developmental biologyMate choiceSexual selectionAnimal Science and Zoologyopportunity costs[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyPsychologyScramble competitionSocial psychology[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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