Search results for "Systematics"

Sensory adaptation of antennae and sex pheromone-mediated flight behavior in male oriental fruit moths (Leptidoptera: Tortricidae) after prolonged ex…

2013

Sensory adaptation has been measured in the antennae of male Grapholita molesta (Busck) after 15 min of exposure to its main pheromone compound (Z)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (Z8-12:OAc) at the aerial concentration of 1 ng/m(3) measured in orchards treated with pheromone for mating disruption. Exposing males to this aerial concentration of Z8-12:OAc for 15 min, however, had only a small effect on their ability to orientate by flight to virgin calling females in a flight tunnel. Experiments were undertaken to determine if exposure to the main pheromone compound in combination with the two biologically active minor compounds of this species, (E)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (E8-12:OAc) and (Z)-8-dodece…

Dichrorampha dinarica, new species, a century of confusion in European lepidopterology (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) resolved by combining morphology an…

2012

Dichrorampha dinarica, new species, is described from the Dinaric mountains (Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). The newspecies was formerly confused with D. ligulana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) from the Alps and D. rilana Drenowsky, 1909 fromthe Rila mountains (Bulgaria). Therefore, a re-description of D. rilana is provided based on topotypical specimens. The diag-nostic morphological characters of the involved species, supported by significant divergence of the mtDNA barcode (COI fragment of 658 bp), are discussed in detail.

Microstructure and diversity of the bursa copulatrix wall in Tortricidae (Lepidoptera).

2012

The inner surface and muscle structure of the bursa copulatrix are examined for the first time with Electron Microscopy in some representatives of the family Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). The internal microprotuberances reveal taxon dependent characters unstudied in the Lepidoptera until now. Acanthae occur in almost all taxa studied, whereas ctenidia and papillae are found only in representatives of Tortricinae and Olethreutinae, respectively. Muscles are radially arranged from the signa. Areas of muscle insertion on the bursal wall are not covered by other muscle fibers. Muscle attachments to evaginated areas, e.g. capitulum and diverticulum, suggest an apodeme role for these structures, cor…

Frugivorous birds dispersing braconid parasitoids via endozoochory

2008

Adult braconid wasps (Bracon sp.) emerged from the droppings of frugivorous birds (Turdus blackbirds and thrushes) collected in a rural environment in southern Europe. It was thus demonstrated for the first time that an insect parasitoid of a fruit-infesting insect (lepidopteran tortricid) can survive bird ingestion and gut passage inside a seed (privet Ligustrum vulgare), constituting a case of an evolutionary tetrad.

Morphological and Biometric Features of Male BluethroatsLuscinia svecicain Central Iberia

2011

Summary. In order to test biometrics and plumage variability in bluethroats Luscinia svecica in central Iberia, 185 birds were captured in four areas (Sierra-Bejar, Sierra-Piedrahita, Sierra-Gredos and Sierra-Paramera). Older bluethroats were significantly larger than second calendar year birds in wing, tail, and total body lengths, but not in tarsus and bill lengths. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a principal component analysis (PCA) were used. Total body length only varied significantly between sampling areas: the birds from Sierra-Bejar were larger than those from Sierra-Gredos and Sierra-Paramera, but were similar to those of Sierra-Piedrahita. Birds with a white spot,…

Soil fungal community composition does not alter along a latitudinal gradient through the maritime and sub-Antarctic

2012

We investigated the relationships between fungal community composition, latitude and a range of physicochemical parameters in 58 soils sampled from a 2370 km latitudinal gradient between South Georgia (54 S, 38 W) in the sub-Antarctic and Mars Oasis (72 S, 68 W) on Alexander Island in the southern maritime Antarctic. Our study, which is based on approximately ten times the number of samples used in previous similar studies, indicates that latitude and its associated environmental parameters are not related to fungal community composition. Significant changes in the composition of soil fungal communities were observed in relation to gradients of the ratio of total organic carbon to nitrogen,…

2005

Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park is a semiarid, hypertrophic wetland located in La Mancha (Ciudad Real, Central Spain). During the period 1996-2002 we carried out monthly samplings at three sites of Las Tablas. Thirty five taxa of Euglenophytes of the genera Astasia (1 taxon), Euglena (15), Lepocinclis (6), Phacus (9), and Trachelomonas (4) were identified. Six taxa are new records for Spain. Abundance, species richness, species groups and absolute and relative biomass of Euglenophytes widely fluctuated spatio-temporally in Las Tablas, without any statistically significant relationship (P > 0.05) with organic carbon (either particulate or dissolved), which has been long considered the ma…

Revisiting the disappearance of terrestrial dissolved organic matter in the ocean: a <i>δ</i><sup>13&lt…

2014

Abstract. Organic carbon (OC) depleted in 13C is a widely used tracer for terrestrial organic matter (OM) in aquatic systems. Photochemical reactions can, however, change δ13C of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) when chromophoric, aromatic-rich terrestrial OC is selectively mineralized. We assessed the robustness of the δ13C signature of DOC (δ13CDOC) as a tracer for terrestrial OM by estimating its change during the photobleaching of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) from 10 large rivers. These rivers cumulatively account for approximately one-third of the world's freshwater discharge to the global ocean. Photobleaching of CDOM by simulated solar radiation was associated with the photochemical mineral…

Terrestrial carbon and intraspecific size-variation shape lake ecosystems

2007

Conceptual models of lake ecosystem structure and function have generally assumed that energy in pelagic systems is derived from in situ photosynthesis and that its use by higher trophic levels depends on the average properties of individuals in consumer populations.These views are challenged by evidence that allochthonous subsidies of organic carbon greatly influence energy mobilization and transfer and the trophic structure of pelagic food webs, and that size variation within consumer species has major ramifications for lake communitydynamics and structure. These discoveries represent conceptual shifts that have yet to be integrated into current views on lake ecosystems. Here, we assess k…

Cenomanian–Turonian carbonate and organic-carbon isotope records, biostratigraphy and provenance of a key section in NE Sicily, Italy: Palaeoceanogra…

2008

In eastern Sicily, a series of highly organic-rich black shales occur as exotic blocks (~ 100 m across) floating in tectonized sediments (Argille Varicolori Unit containing olistoliths of Cretaceous-Palaeogene age). A 19-metre section, through one of these blocks near the town of Novara di Sicilia, includes cyclically bedded black shales, marlstones and claystones, which have been dated using planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossil biostratigraphy. On this basis, the section is assigned to the latest Cenomanian and clearly represents a manifestation of the Oceanic Anoxic Event characteristic of that interval. Total organic-carbon values range up to 23% and the relatively high hydrogen indi…