Search results for "Systematics"
showing 10 items of 6702 documents
Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G.O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopol…
2010
Examination of all species previously referred to the genus Hermadion revealed that the type species, H. magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, is the only valid species in the genus. H. magalhaensi is redescribed and its synonymy with Hermadion longicirratus Kinberg, 1856, Hermadion kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885, and Lagisca laevis Hartmann-Schroder, 1962, is discussed. The generic attribution of 12 species that had already been moved from Hermadion to other genera by earlier authors is confirmed. Following our re-examination four species are moved to other genera: Harmothoe ornatus (Hartman, 1967) n. comb., Harmothoe africanus (Hartman, 1974) n. comb., Adyte hyalina (G.O. Sars, 1873) n. comb., and Neop…
Gulf of Maine shells reveal changes in seawater temperature seasonality during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age
2011
article i nfo In this study, we use subannually resolved oxygen isotope values of fossil (dead-collected) and modern (live- caught) bivalve shells (Arctica islandica L.) from the northwestern Atlantic (Gulf of Maine, USA) to reconstruct past seasonal changes in seawater temperature. Our results indicate decreased seasonal temperature amplitude of about 1.6 °C (or ∼21%) during Medieval times (ca. AD 1033-1062) compared to shells from the early Little Ice Age (ca. AD 1321-1391) and during the late 19th century (AD 1864-1886). Additionally, seasonal oxygen isotope data suggest that summers were cooler and winters were warmer in the Gulf of Maine during the 11th century compared to summers and …
Phylogeny of snapdragon species (Antirrhinum; Scrophulariaceae) using non-coding cpDNA sequences
2005
Antirrhinum is an Old World genus of up to 25 perennial taxa, mainly located in the western Mediterranean basin. A molecular analysis of 24 taxa of Antirrhinum was undertaken using cpDNA sequences from the trnT (UGU)-trnL (UAA) 5' exon region. The Kimura two-parameter model was chosen to calculate pairwise nucleotide divergence values between cpDNA sequences, and a bootstrapped neighbor-joining dendrogram was constructed from the nucleotide divergence distance matrix. Eighteen sites were variable across the studied samples and the position of 7 indels, ranging from 1 to 7 bp, was inferred from the sequence alignment. Several trnT-trnL sequences are identical in: some members of subsection K…
Typification of seven names in the genus Antirrhinum (tribe Antirrhineae, Plantaginaceae)
2021
The typification of seven names in the genus Antirrhinum (tribe Antirrhineae, Plantaginaceae): A. charidemi, A. latifolium, A. molle var. mollissimum, A. molle var. marianum, A. sempervirens, A. siculum, and A. valentinum is discussed. The designation of the nomenclatural types is based on the consultation of original material and the literature cited in the respective protologues. The names are lectotypified using specimens from BC, C, MA, and an illustration of Boccone published in 1697. An epitype is also designated for A. latifolium due to ambiguity in the interpretation of the lectotype. The name A. siculum is neotypified from a specimen preserved at VAL, and a second-step lectotypific…
The monophyly and evolution of Cynara L. (Asteraceae) sensu lato: evidence from the Internal Transcribed Spacer region of nrDNA
2005
The monophyly and evolution of Cynara was investigated using ITS sequence data. Parsimony analysis supports the monophyly of Cynara sensu lato, i.e. including the distinctive taxa C. humilis and C. tournefortii. This contradicts the recent decision to create a new monotypic genus Arcyna for C. tournefortii. A hypothesised close relationship between C. tournefortii and Silybum Adans. is also refuted. Four of the five species of Cynara, for which multiple accessions were sequenced, were shown to be monophyletic but C. baetica was found to be non-monophyletic. Free energy estimates for ITS1 secondary structure and conservation of the 5.8S region suggest that this is not due to the occurrence o…
Typification of two Linnaean names: Centaurea aspera and Centaurea isnardii (Asteraceae)
2014
The typification of the names Centaurea aspera L. and C. isnardii L. (Asteraceae) is discussed. A lectotype for C. aspera is designated from original material conserved in UPS-BURSER (Joachim Burser Herbarium). Centaurea isnardii is typified by an illustration of Isnard (1719) confirming this name as a synonym of C. aspera subsp. aspera.
Tipificación de Inula montana L. (Asteraceae)
2014
Ferrer-Gallego, P., E. Laguna, R. Rosello, J. Gomez & J. B. Peris (2014). Typification of Inula montana L. (Asteraceae). Candollea 69: 5–8. In Spanish, English and French abstracts.The name Inula montana L. (Asteraceae) is lecto- and epitypified. The designated lectotype corresponds to an icon from Robert Morison published in 1699 and the epitype to a plant specimen collected by Morison and conserved at OXF (Morisonian Herbarium).
Predator proximity as a stressor in breeding flycatchers: mass loss, stress protein induction, and elevated provisioning.
2010
We investigated the physiological and behavioral consequences for prey breeding at different distances from a nesting predator. In a natural setting, Pied Flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) made territory location decisions relative to established Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) nests. From female flycatchers attending nests at different distances from Sparrowhawk nests, we measured body mass, blood stress protein (HSP60 and HSP70), and plasma immunoglobulin levels at the beginning (initial) and end (final) of the flycatcher breeding cycle, and provisioning rates during the nestling phase. We found that individuals breeding in closer proximity to Sparrowhawk nests, under higher perceived predat…
Deoxycholic Acid Methyl Ester — a Novel Bacterial Metabolite of Cholic Acid
1985
Summary Methyl deoxycholate was identified as a novel bacterial metabolite of cholate, produced anaerobically by strains of most saccharolytic Bacteroides species ( B. distasonis, B. eggerthii, B. fragilis, B. incommunis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. uniformis, B. variabilis, B. vulgatus , and unnamed species). It was also detected with a few strains of Eubacterium and Lactobacillus species. Among 2476 freshly isolated human fecal cultures the frequency of carboxyl group esterification was comparable with that of 7α-dehydroxylation (92 versus 102 cultures). Both activities were, however, lost for unknown reasons after serial transfers. Two of ten mixed fecal cultures tested esterified 3α,7α- or …
Development and validation of a bioenergetics model for juvenile and adult burbot
2003
Oxygen consumption of juvenile and adult burbot Lota Iota was measured in an intermittent-flow respirometer to determine the effect of temperature and fish body mass on metabolic rate. These results were combined with data from earlier experiments and the 'Wisconsin bioenergetics' model was constructed. The model was validated under laboratory conditions by comparing observed and predicted food consumption and growth of burbot fed on dead vendace Coregonus albula. There was a good correspondence between observed and estimated growth and food consumption under experimental conditions: the mean absolute per cent errors of growth and food consumption were 4.8 and 24.0%. Estimated values with t…