Search results for "T cell"
showing 10 items of 2228 documents
Immunotherapy with effector cells and IL-2 of lymph node metastases of human squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck established in nude mice
1999
We have previously reported that immune anti-tumor effector cells, both cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and IL-2-activated natural killer (A-NK) cells, are effective at eliminating human head-and-neck cancer (HNC) targets in vitro and in vivo in xenograft models. In this study, these 2 types of human effector cell were compared for the ability to prevent the development of lymph node metastases in a metastasis model of human squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) established in nude mice. A tumor cell line, OSC-19, was injected into the floor of the mouth in nude mice, and the tumor grew progressively and metastasized to cervical lymph nodes by day 21. As effector cells, a huma…
Allorestricted T lymphocytes with a high avidity T-cell receptor towards NY-ESO-1 have potent anti-tumor activity.
2009
The cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 has been targeted as a tumor-associated antigen by immunotherapeutical strategies, such as cancer vaccines. The prerequisite for a T-cell-based therapy is the induction of T cells capable of recognizing the NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells. In this study, we generated human T lymphocytes directed against the immunodominant NY-ESO-1(157-165) epitope known to be naturally presented with HLA-A*0201. We succeeded to isolate autorestricted and allorestricted T lymphocytes with low, intermediate or high avidity TCRs against the NY-ESO-1 peptide. The avidity of the established CTL populations correlated with their capacity of lysing HLA-A2-positive, NY-ESO-1-expre…
24 Combined analysis of antigen presentation and T cell recognition reveals restricted immune responses in melanoma
2018
Introduction Studies in the past few years have suggested a key role for neo-antigens in cancer immunotherapy. Since neo-antigens are specifically expressed on the tumour, targeting them is not likely to induce tolerance or normal tissue toxicity, making them candidates for immunotherapy. Despite encouraging results in clinical trials using neo-antigens, peptide or RNA vaccines and adoptive cell transfer (ACT), only a handful of neo-antigens and their corresponding T-cells have been identified in patients. Material and methods In this study we are using a combination of a novel neo-antigen prediction pipeline and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) peptidomics to unbiasedly identify tumour associ…
Comparative activity of idarubicin and idarubicinol in combination with cyclosporin A in multidrug-resistant leukemia cells
1996
4-Demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin, IDA) is an anthracycline that has shown good cytotoxic activity in vitro against tumor cell lines displaying the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype. IDA is converted in the liver into idarubicinol (2HIDA) and, in this form, seems to exert its antitumoral activity in vivo. Recent studies have shown that 2HIDA has tumoricidal activity similar to that of the parent drug when tested in vitro in sensitive neoplastic cells. In this work we compared in vitro the effects of IDA and 2HIDA used alone and in combination with 2 microM cyclosporin A (CyA) in the MDR leukemic cell lines FLCR and K562R and in their sensitive parent cell lines FLC and K562. IDA and 2HI…
HLA class I antigen abnormalities and immune escape by malignant cells
2002
Abbreviations used in this paper: APM, antigen processing machinery; β2m,β2 microglobulin; bp, base pair; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; HC, heavy chain; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; KIR, killing inhibitory receptors; LMP, low molecular weight proteins; LOH, loss of heterozygosity; mAb, monoclonal antibody; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; NK, natural killer; PA, proteasome activator; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; SCLC, small cell-lung carcinoma; TAA, tumor-associated antigens; TAP, transporter associated with antigen processing; TCR, T cell receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; w…
Genetic evolution of T-cell resistance in the course of melanoma progression
2014
Abstract Purpose: CD8+ T lymphocytes can kill autologous melanoma cells, but their activity is impaired when poorly immunogenic tumor phenotypes evolve in the course of disease progression. Here, we analyzed three consecutive melanoma lesions obtained within one year of developing stage IV disease for their recognition by autologous T cells. Experimental Design: One skin (Ma-Mel-48a) and two lymph node (Ma-Mel-48b, Ma-Mel-48c) metastases were analyzed for T-cell infiltration. Melanoma cell lines established from the respective lesions were characterized, determining the T-cell–stimulatory capacity, expression of surface molecules involved in T-cell activation, and specific genetic alteratio…
miR-503-5p induces doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer.
2021
1083 Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtype comprising approximately 15% of BC. Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies continue to be the mainstay for treatment of this BC, which lacks targetable markers. In this context, microRNAs have been described to have an important role. The aim of this work was to elucidate the function of miR-503-5p in doxorubicin resistance in TNBC. Methods: miR-503-5p expression was evaluated in the TNBC cell line with acquired resistance to doxorubicin (MDA-MB-231R) and its parental cell line (MDA-MB-231), by qRT-PCR. Studies of gain/loss of function of miR-503-5p were carried out in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-231…
Induction of tumor-cell lysis by bi-specific antibody recognizing ganglioside GD2 and T-cell antigen CD3
1993
Human tumor cells expressing ganglioside GD2 were lysed by various effector populations targeted with an anti-CD3-anti-GD2 bi-specific antibody (BAb CD3 x GD2). This antibody-heteroconjugate was prepared by chemically cross-linking the OKT-3 monoclonal antibody (MAb) reactive with CD3 antigen on T lymphocytes with the ganglioside MAb ME 361, which binds preferentially to the tumor-associated ganglioside GD2. The specificity of target-cell lysis by the cytotoxic T cells (CTL) was mediated by the specificity of the targeting antibody: GD2-negative cells were not lysed in the presence of the CD3 x GD2 BAb. A dose-dependent response was observed in a range of 10 to 10,000 ng/ml. In contrast, 2 …
In the literature: June 2020.
2020
Immunotherapy based on checkpoint blockade has revolutionised cancer treatment during last years. Whereas this approach fails in a relevant group of patients, the knowledge on tumour microenvironment (TME) opened the possibility to the use of additional therapeutic strategies to potentiate antitumour immunity, including depletion of protumourigenic or immune suppressive and activation of specific immune populations using agonistic antibodies. Nevertheless, due to the complexity of the TME, many of these strategies have been indiscriminately advanced to the clinic without clear mechanistic hypotheses. Nowadays, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)-based transcriptome analyses identify T ce…
Crucial Role of Interleukin-4 in the Survival of Colon Cancer Stem Cells
2008
Abstract Colon tumors may be maintained by a rare fraction of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) that express the cell surface marker CD133. Self-renewing CSCs exhibit relatively greater resistance to clinical cytotoxic therapies and recent work suggests that this resistance may be mediated in part by an autocrine response to the immune cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4). Blocking IL-4 signaling can sensitize CSCs to apoptotic stimuli and increase the in vivo efficacy of cytotoxic therapy. These findings suggest that inhibitors of IL-4 signaling may offer a new therapeutic tool in colon carcinoma. [Cancer Res 2008;68(11):4022–5]