Search results for "T-pattern analysi"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
Effects of Substantia Nigra pars compacta lesion on the behavioral sequencing in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease
2019
The basal ganglia circuitry plays a crucial role in the sequential organization of behavior. Here we studied the behavioral structure of the animals after 21 days of 6-OHDA-induced lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system. Frequencies and durations of individual components of the behavioral repertoire were calculated; moreover, whether a temporal organization of the activity was present, it was investigated by using T-pattern analysis, a multivariate approach able to detect the real-time sequential organization of behavior. Six sham-depleted and six rats with unilateral 6−OHDA-lesion of the Substantia Nigra pars compacta were used. As to quantitative evaluations, the comparison betwe…
The impact of chronic daily nicotine exposure and its overnight withdrawal on the structure of anxiety-related behaviors in rats: Role of the lateral…
2021
Tobacco smoking is a serious health problem worldwide and a leading cause of mortality. Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco, affects a range of emotional responses, including anxiety-related behaviors. Although perceived by smokers to be anxiolytic, evidence suggests that smoking increases anxiety and that mood fluctuates with nicotine intake. Thus, nicotine addiction may depend on easing the psychobiological distress caused by its abuse. The lateral habenula (LHb) has been implicated as a neural substrate for acute nicotine-induced anxiety, but its role in anxiety-like behaviors associated with chronic nicotine exposure has not been explored. Here, we assessed the effect of chroni…
T-pattern analysis of diazepam-induced modifications on the temporal organization of rat behavioral response to anxiety in hole board.
2010
Rationale: By means of t-pattern analysis, it has been observed that the different events, characterizing rat behavior in hole board (HB), present close interrelationships which occur sequentially and with significant constraints on the interval lengths separating them. Objectives: The aim of present research was to study, by means of descriptive and multivariate t-pattern analyses, the effects of the reference anxiolytic drug diazepam (DZP) on temporal structure of a rat’s anxiety-related behavior in HB. Methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats were tested for 10 min in HB. Video files, collected for each animal, were coded by means of a software coder, and event log files, generated for each s…
Multivariate analyses for the study of behavior: an integrated approach
2008
Simple quantitative evaluations of isolate behavioral elements (i.e. frequencies, durations, per cent distributions) are not representative of the whole behavioral structure [1]. As suggested in a landmark paper from Spruijt and Gispen [2], it is only through the evaluation of the inter-relations among behavioral elements that it is possible to explore behavior from very different points of view, greatly beyond what the human eye can intuitively interpret. In the present paper a brief outline of different multivariate techniques for behavioral analyses will be presented in the attempt to underline the feasibility of their integration.
T-pattern analysis for the study of temporal structure of animal and human behavior : a comprehensive review
2014
A basic tenet in the realm of modern behavioral sciences is that behavior consists of patterns in time. For this reason, investigations of behavior deal with sequences that are not easily perceivable by the unaided observer. This problem calls for improved means of detection, data handling and analysis. This review focuses on the analysis of the temporal structure of behavior carried out by means of a multivariate approach known as T-pattern analysis. Using this technique, recurring sequences of behavioral events, usually hard to detect, can be unveiled and carefully described. T-pattern analysis has been successfully applied in the study of various aspects of human or animal behavior such …
Different Representation Procedures Originated from Multivariate Temporal Pattern Analysis of the Behavioral Response to Pain in Wistar Rats Tested i…
2019
Temporal pattern analysis is an advanced multivariate technique able to investigate the structure of behavior by unveiling the existence of statistically significant constraints among the interval length separating events in sequence. If on the one hand, such an approach allows investigating the behavioral response to pain in its most intimate and inner features, on the other hand, due to the meaning of the studies on pain, it is of relevant importance that the results utilize intuitive and easily comprehensible ways of representation. The aim of this paper is to show various procedures useful to represent the results originating from the multivariate T-pattern analysis of the behavioral re…
T-patterns in the study of movement and behavioral disorders
2020
Aim of the present review is to offer an outline of the application of T-pattern analysis (TPA) in the study of neurological disorders characterized by anomalies of movement and, more in general, of behavior. TPA is a multivariate technique to detect real time patterns of behavior on the basis of statistically significant constraints among the events in sequence. TPA is particularly suitable to analyse the structure of behavior. The application of TPA to study movement and behavioral disorders is able to offer, with a high level of detail, hidden characteristics of behavior otherwise impossible to detect. For its intrinsic features, TPA is completely different not only from quantitative eva…
Brain histamine and oleoylethanolamide restore behavioral deficits induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice.
2021
The physiological mechanisms underlying the complex interplay between life stressors and metabolic factors is receiving growing interest and is being analyzed as one of the many factors contributing to depressive illness. The brain histaminergic system modulates neuronal activity extensively and we demonstrated that its integrity is necessary for peripheral signals such as the bioactive lipid mediator oleoylethanolamide (OEA) to exert its central actions. Here, we investigated the role of brain histamine and its interaction with OEA in response to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a preclinical protocol widely used to study physio-pathological mechanisms underlying symptoms observed in d…
Structural Analyses in the Study of Anxiety and Anxiety-Related Behaviour
2016
According to the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, anxiety encompasses various conditions sharing an excessive sense of fear and/or apprehension for no evident reason and related behavioural disturbances (Association, 2013). The association of such a gloomy symptomatology, with the great diffusion in the general population, explains the critical impact of anxiety disorders on inter-personal relationships and job-related activities (Greenberg et al.,1999; Wittchen & Hoyer, 2001; Keeley & Storch, 2009). Hence, anxiety disorders represent an important and consistent topic of discussion, not only in terms of underlying neuro-psychological processes but, …
Brain histamine depletion enhances motor sequences complexity of mice tested in open field: new insights from temporal pattern analysis
2016
Background: Tourette Syndrome (TS) has been classically related to dopaminergic dysregulation of Basal Ganglia circuitry [1]. However, the identification of a rare autosomal dominant form of TS, linked to a mutation of the key-enzyme for Histamine (HA)1 synthesis (l-Histidine decarboxylase, Hdc), has shed light on a putative involvement of this monoamine on the pathophysiology of tic and related disorders and fostered the development of coherent animal models [2]. Although HA-deficient rodents display markedly increased tic-like stereotypies following amphetamine administration, neither underlying nor predisposing differences in the open field test have been reported in quantitative measure…