Search results for "TB"

­Cardiac cycle and respiration phase affect responses to the conditioned stimulus in young adults trained in trace eyeblink conditioning

2022

Rhythms of breathing and heartbeat are linked to each other as well as to rhythms of the brain. Our recent studies suggest that presenting the conditioned stimulus during expiration or during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle facilitates neural processing of that stimulus and improves learning an eyeblink classical conditioning task. To date, it has not been examined whether utilizing information from both respiration and cardiac cycle phases simultaneously allows even more efficient modulation of learning. Here we studied whether the timing of the conditioned stimulus to different cardiorespiratory rhythm phase combinations affects learning trace eyeblink conditioning in healthy you…

CA3–CA1 long‐term potentiation occurs regardless of respiration and cardiac cycle phases in urethane‐anesthetized rats

2023

Breathing and heartbeat synchronize to each other and to brain function and affect cognition in humans. However, it is not clear how cardiorespiratory rhythms modulate such basic processes as synaptic plasticity thought to underlie learning. Thus, we studied if respiration and cardiac cycle phases at burst stimulation onset affect hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA3–CA1 synapse in urethane-anesthetized adult male Sprague–Dawley rats. In a between-subjects design, we timed burst stimulation of the ventral hippocampal commissure (vHC) to systole or diastole either during expiration or inspiration and recorded responses throughout the hippocampus with a linear probe. As classic…

Generalized symmetries in nanostructure simulations

2009

Modelling and assessing public health policies to counteract Italian measles outbreaks

2021

This study aims to understand, through explanatory research, the key factors that led to the 2017 measles outbreak in Italy, the causes of the low level of immunisation and the causes of possible cyclical phenomena of measles epidemics. This topic's comprehension has required a holistic approach, merging epidemiological aspects, socioeconomic aspects (including the evolution of mistrust in vaccinations, infodemy and fake news) and health law constraints. A specific SIR System Dynamics (SD) model was built to reproduce the relevant cause-and-effect relationships between social interactions, the public institutions behaviour and the measles outbreaks. SD results permit the assessment of the h…

'REOFUT' as an Observation Tool for Tactical Analysis on Offensive Performance in Soccer: Mixed Method Perspective

2019

Performance analysis in complex sports like soccer requires the study of the influence of the interaction between both teams during the game on final performance. The mixed methods approach involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative data for the same purpose and within the framework of the same study. To build certain observation tools, mixed methods are necessary in order to take advantage of integration between qualitative and quantitative elements. The aim of this study was to develop a new no standard observation tool to analyze soccer offensive performance considering not only the observed team but also some aspects of the opponent behavior, a…

Dažādu sāļu ietekme uz piekrastes augu Triglochin maritima un Tragopogon heterospermus sēklu dīgšanu

2017

Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot dažādu sāļu šķīdumu ietekmi uz jūrmalas āžloka un pūkainā plostbārža sēklu dīgtspēju. Veica trīs eksperimentus – pirmajā divas nedēļas diedzēja 2015. gadā ievāktas un stratificētas jūrmalas āžloka sēklas Petri traukos dažādu sāļu (NaCl, Na2SO4, KCl, K2SO4, MgCl2, MgSO4) pieaugošās šķīdumu koncentrācijās (25, 50, 100, 200, 400 mM), pēc diedzēšanas perioda neuzdīgušās sēklas skaloja destilētā ūdenī un uz divām nedēļām ievietoja Petri traukos ar destilētu ūdeni un novēroja dīgšanas atjaunošanos. Otrajā eksperimentā dažādās sāļu koncentrācijās diedzēja 2016. gadā ievāktas un stratificētas jūrmalas āžloka un pūkainā plostbārža sēklas. Jūrmalas āžloka sēklas diedzēja tā…

Genetic relationship between clinical and environmental Vibrio cholerae isolates in Tanzania: A comparison using repetitive extragenic palindromic (R…

2015

The bacterium causing cholera, Vibrio cholerae, is a marine organism and coastal waters are important reservoirs of the organism. There are more than 200 serogroups of V. cholerae, of which serogroups O1 and O139 are known to be the causative agent of the cholera. The main virulent factor in V. cholerae is cholera toxin gene (ctx) that is found from the epidemic O1 and O139 strains, but may also be found in some strains other than O1 and O139 (non-O1 and non-O139). In this study, 48 V. cholerae strains isolated from three estuaries of Tanzania and 20 stool isolates were characterized in terms of their serogroups and possession of ctx gene and then compared using two PCR based fingerprinting…

Thou shalt not write about... : a study of taboo content in Finnish EFL textbooks for upper secondary school

2012

Tabu on käsitteenä monimuotoinen ja vaikeasti määriteltävä, johtuen sekä niiden jatkuvasta muuttumisesta, valtavasta määrästä että niiden osittaisesta kulttuurisidonnaisuudesta. Tabuja ja tabukielen esiintymistä oppimateriaaleissa on tutkittu erittäin vähän, tutkimuksen keskittyessä lähinnä määrittelemään, mitkä aiheet ovat teoriassa tabuja maailmanlaajuisissa englannin kielen oppimateriaaleissa. Myös mahdolliset riskit, jotka liittyvät tabujen sisällyttämiseen oppimateriaaleihin ovat olleet tutkimuksen kohteena. Varsinainen empiirinen tutkimus tabujen esiintyvyydestä oppikirjoissa on kuitenkin jäänyt vähemmälle huomiolle. Tutkielmamme keskittyikin juuri tähän tutkimattomaan alueeseen. Tutk…

“Enymärä”: Thoughts on the use of Finnish as the majority language in locally published EFL activity books

2017

It has been a long tradition in Finland to use locally published textbooks in primary foreign language education. The books have been designed for linguistically homogenous groups of students, which explains why Finnish, as the learners’ L1, is the instructive metalanguage chosen for the EFL activity books. However, the growing number of immigrant children in the Finnish educational system raises the question to what extent these activity books can serve the needs of linguistically more diverse groups of learners. The connection between the two languages is so strong that Finnish seems to serve as a precondition for the acquisition of English. The high proportion of tasks requiring fluency …

Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adol…

2017

Tutkimme, miten epäonnistumisen pelko on yhteydessä tavoiteorientaatioihin, pitkäjänteisyyteen, panostamiseen ja viihtymiseen teini-ikäisten poikien jalkapalloharrastuksessa. Olimme lisäksi kiinnostuneita siitä, miten yhteneväisiä pelaajien itsearvioinnit ja heidän valmentajiensa arviot olivat pelaajien pitkäjänteisyyteen, panostamiseen ja viihtymiseen liittyen ja vaikuttiko valmennusaika mahdollisiin näkemyseroihin. Epäonnistumisen pelko on tyypillinen haittailmiö kilpailullisessa toiminnassa, se edeltää usein epäedullisten tavoiteorientaatioiden syntymistä ja on yhteydessä viihtymisen vähenemiseen ja harrastuksen lopettamiseen. Tavoiteorientaatiot kertovat tarkempaa tietoa motivaation laa…