Search results for "TGA"

showing 10 items of 232 documents

Thermal methods to evaluate consolidation of artworks

2014

TGA cultural heritage
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CHARACTERIZATION OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOCHAR FOR ENERGY PURPOSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION

2014

Biochar production processes as well as its various applications provide numerous benefits to both environment and economy (Lehmann et al., 2006; Basu, 2010). However, understanding the physicochemical structure of this valuable product has to be improved in order to be able to obtain the aforementioned benefits and to avoid environmental costs. In this study, chicken or poultry manure (PM) was chosen as feedstock for biochar preparation. This biomass is traditionally used by farmers as an effective organic fertilizer (Chan et al., 2008). Indeed, it is considered a valuable source for readily available plant nutrients, such as N, P, K and other micronutrients (Huang et al., 2011). Notwithst…

TGAporositypoultry manureSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaCPMAS 13C NMRbiocharDTGNMR relaxometry SEM metal adsorption isothermaromaticitythermal stabilitychar
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Characterization and Evaluation of Hydrothermal Liquefaction Char from Alkali Lignin in Subcritical Temperatures.

2021

An evaluation of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) char is investigated in this work. Morphological studies, N2 adsorption behavior, FTIR analysis, thermal behavior, and elemental composition are studied. The HTL char yield showed an increase with higher operating temperatures. It increased from 11.02% to 33% when the temperature increased from 573 K to 623 K. At lower temperatures, the residence time showed an impact on the yield, while close to the critical point, residence time became less impactful. Elemental analysis showed that both higher operating temperatures and longer residence times increased the nitrogen content of the chars from 0.32% to 0.51%. FTIR analysis suggested the char b…

Technology020209 energychemistry.chemical_elementlignin02 engineering and technologyResidence time (fluid dynamics)HTL charArticleAdsorptionpores0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceCharTGAMicroscopyQC120-168.85CarbonizationChemistryTQH201-278.5carbonization021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)NitrogenTK1-9971Hydrothermal liquefactionVDP::Teknologi: 500Volume (thermodynamics)Chemical engineeringFTIRDescriptive and experimental mechanicsElemental analysisVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Kjemi: 440SEMElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTA1-20400210 nano-technologyMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
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Rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of graphene oxide-silica nanohybrids

2014

The increasing interest in Graphene oxide (GO) is due to many issues: the presence of both sp2-conjugated atoms and oxygen-containing functional groups provides a strong hydrophilicity and the possibility to further functionalize it with other molecules (i.e. π-π interactions covalent attachment etc.) [1]. Furthermore since the GO is biocompatible and noncytotoxic many studies have been recently focused on the development of GO-based nanodevices for bioimaging DNA detection drug delivery. Due to their low cytotoxicity and large internal surface area silica nanoparticles have been taken into account as promising material for biolabeling and drug loading/delivery. Particular consideration has recently been demonstrated for GO-silica composites because of the potentialities for electrical applications their chemical inertia and stability toward ions exposure. The possibility to combine the extraordinary properties of GO and silica offers several advantages for the realization of nanoprobes for biological applications and of biosensor [12]. The strategy for the fabrication of GO-nanosilica nanohybrids can be schematized as follows: (i) synthesis of GO by oxidizing graphite powder with the method described by Marcano et al. [3] (ii) Preparation of oxygen-loaded silica nanoparticles by thermal treatments in controlled atmosphere in order to induce high NIR emission at 1272 nm from high purity silica nanoparticles. (iii) preparation of GrO-silica nanohybrid films via rapid solvent casting in water. The nanohybrids were tested by XPS FTIR Raman analysis UV photoluminescence analysis TGA Zeta potential measurements electrical tests AFM and SEM. Several nanohybrids were prepared by combining two different typologies of GO and two different samples of silica.
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Thermal and X-ray powder diffraction studies of aliphatic polyester dendrimers

2004

The syntheses and thermal and X-ray powder diffraction analyses of three sets of aliphatic polyester dendrimers based on 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid as a repeating unit and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane as core molecules are reported. These dendritic polyesters were prepared in high yields with the divergent method. The thermal properties of these biodendrimers were evaluated with thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal decomposition of the compounds occurred around 250 °C for the hydroxyl-ended dendrimers and around 150 °C for the acetonide-protected dendrimers. In addition, the crystallinit…

Thermogravimetric analysisDendrimersPolymers and PlasticsChemistryThermogravimetric analysis (TGA)2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (bis-MPA)Organic ChemistryThermal decomposition2Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)PolyesterCrystallinitychemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryDendrimerPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistry22-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (bis-MPA)Physical chemistryAliphatic polyestersHydroxymethylPowder diffraction
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Thermogravimetric analysis. A tool to evaluate the ability of mixtures in consolidating waterlogged archaeological woods

2010

Waterlogged archaeological woods (Pinus pinaster, Ulmus cf. minor and Fagus sylvatica L.) were consolidated by using Colophony, Rosin 100, and a mixture of Poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) 3000 and Poly(propylene) glycol (PPG) 425. The efficiency of the consolidants was estimated by determining the content entrapped into the cavity of degraded wood. For this purpose, thermogravimetry was demonstrated to be a reliable tool. In the case that the polymeric mixture was used for impregnation, it was also possible to discriminate the amount of PEG 3000 from that of PPG 425 captured by the wood capillaries. Regardless of the wood nature, all the consolidants were present in treated samples in large amo…

Thermogravimetric analysisEthyleneMaterials scienceAbsorption of waterbiologyRosinCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classificationArchaeologywood TGA polymerThermogravimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundFagus sylvaticachemistryPEG ratiomedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThermal analysismedicine.drug
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Thermal and thermo-oxidative stability of reprocessed poly(ethylene terephthalate)

2013

An exhaustive assessment of the behaviour of virgin and mechanically reprocessed poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) facing thermal and thermo-oxidative decomposition processes is presented in this work, as an approach for the energetic valorisation of post-consumer PET goods. Multi-rate linear-non-isothermal thermogravimetric (TGA) experiments under inert (Ar) and reactive (O2) conditions were performed to virgin PET and its recyclates in order to simulate the thermal behaviour of the materials facing pyrolysis and combustion processes. The release of gases was monitored by evolved gas analysis of the fumes of the TGA experiment, by in-line Fourier-transform infrared (IR) analysis, with the…

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials scienceEvolved gas analysisWaste management2D-correlation infrared analysis (2D-IR)Thermal decompositionTermoplàsticsNucleationCiència dels materialsCombustionKinetic analysisAnalytical ChemistryEvolved-gas analysis (EGA)Fuel TechnologyChemical engineeringThermalMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOSThermal stabilityThermogravimetry (TGA)Thermal decompositionPyrolysisPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)Thermo-oxidative decomposition
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Thermo-oxidative ageing of an organo-modified clay and effects on the properties of PA6 based nanocomposites

2013

a b s t r a c t In this work a careful investigation on the degradation of an organically modified montmorillonite sample (Cloisite 15A) thermal treated under different atmospheres, namely nitrogen, air and oxygen enriched atmosphere was performed. The exposure time of the thermal treatment ranged between 5 and 300 min. The chemical composition evolution as function of the thermal treatment conditions of the clay organic modifier was monitored by means of combined thermogravimetry/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR). Moreover, the morphological behaviour of treated Cloisite 15A sam- ples as function of the time and of the decomposition atmosphere was investigated by X-ray dif…

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials scienceNanocompositeMontmorillonite Organic modifier Degradation Nanocomposites TGA–FTIRThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsThermogravimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundMontmorillonitechemistryLimiting oxygen concentrationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyComposite materialThermal analysisInstrumentation
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Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L.) fibres as potential reinforcement of composite structures

2011

Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the use of artichoke fibres as potential reinforcement in polymer composites. The fibres are extracted from the stem of artichoke plant, which grows in Southern Sicily. In order to use these lignocellulosic fibres as potential reinforcement in polymer composites, it is fundamental to investigate their microstructure, chemical composition and mechanical properties. Therefore, the morphology of artichoke fibres was investigated through electron microscopy, the thermal behaviour through thermogravimetric analysis and the real density through a helium pycnometer. The chemical composition of the natural fibres in terms of cellulose, lignin, and ash co…

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopy (SEM)Composite number02 engineering and technologyD. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesB. Mechanical properties; D. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy; D. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); D. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); Lignocellulosic fibreschemistry.chemical_compoundUltimate tensile strengthLigninCelluloseComposite materialNatural fiberB. Mechanical propertiesbiologyD. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)CynaraGeneral EngineeringD. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructurebiology.organism_classificationLignocellulosic fibres0104 chemical sciencesSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technologyInfrared (IR) spectroscopyMechanical propertieLignocellulosic fibre
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Structural Characterisation of Complex Layered Double Hydroxides and TGA-GC-MS Study on Thermal Response and Carbonate Contamination in Nitrate- and …

2015

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are versatile materials used for intercalating bioactive molecules in the fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics, with the purpose of protecting them from degradation, enhancing their water solubility to increase bioavailability and improving their pharmacokinetic properties and formulation stability. Moreover, LDHs are used in various technological applications to improve stability and processability. The crystal chemistry of hydrotalcite-like compounds was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), automated electron diffraction tomography (ADT) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)-GC-MS to shed light on the mechanisms involved in io…

Thermogravimetric analysishydrotalcytethermal responseInorganic chemistryIntercalation (chemistry)intercationsion exchangeengineering.materialCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallinityAdsorptionlayered compoundsOrganic chemistryTGAHydrotalciteIon exchangeChemistryOrganic Chemistryelectron diffraction; intercations; ion exchange; layered compounds; structure elucidationstructure elucidationLayered double hydroxidesstructural characterization hydrotalcyte TGA GC-MS thermal response X-ray powderGeneral ChemistryX-ray powderstructural characterizationengineeringCarbonateelectron diffractionGC-MS
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