Search results for "TOXICOLOGY"
showing 10 items of 4114 documents
Addressing ecological effects of radiation on populations and ecosystems to improve protection of the environment against radiation: Agreed statement…
2016
AbstractThis paper reports the output of a consensus symposium organized by the International Union of Radioecology in November 2015. The symposium gathered an academically diverse group of 30 scientists to consider the still debated ecological impact of radiation on populations and ecosystems. Stimulated by the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters' accidental contamination of the environment, there is increasing interest in developing environmental radiation protection frameworks. Scientific research conducted in a variety of laboratory and field settings has improved our knowledge of the effects of ionizing radiation on the environment. However, the results from such studies sometimes appear…
Impact of freeze-thaw cytoablation on aqueous outflow patterns in ex vivo anterior chamber perfusion cultures and whole eyes
2022
Background: Porcine eyes have been widely used as ex vivo models in glaucoma research, as they share similar features with human eyes. Freeze-thawing is a non-invasive technique that has been used to obliterate living cells in anterior segment ex vivo cultures, to prepare them for further research such as cellular repopulation. This technique has previously been shown to reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP) in porcine eyes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether freeze-thaw cytoablation causes corresponding canalogram outflow changes in perfused anterior segment cultures (AFT) and whole porcine eyes (WFT). We hypothesized that the known IOP drop in AFT after trabecular meshwork a…
Identification of metastasis-related genes by genomic and transcriptomic studies in murine melanoma.
2021
Abstract Aims We systematically characterized metastatic murine B16-F10 melanoma, a sub-line derived from murine melanoma B16-F1 cells. Materials and methods RNA-sequencing and network analyses (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) were performed to identify novel potential metastasis mechanisms. Chromosomal aberrations were identified by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) using all 21 murine whole chromosome painting probes. Key findings Numerous genes were overexpressed in B16-F10 cells, some of which have been already described as being metastasis-linked. Nr5a1/sf1, a known prognostic marker for adrenal tumors, was 177-fold upregulated in B16-F10 cells compared to B16-F1 cells.…
Is erythropoietin a worthy candidate for traumatic brain injury or are we heading the wrong way?
2016
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in the modern society. Although primary prevention is the only strategy that can counteract the primary brain damage, numerous preclinical studies have been accumulated in order to find therapeutic strategies against the secondary damage. In this scenario erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to be a promising candidate as neuroprotective agent. A recent clinical trial, however, has shown that EPO has not an overall effect on outcomes following TBI thus renewing old concerns. However, the results of a prespecified sensitivity analysis indicate that the effect of EPO on mortality remains still unclear. In the light of the…
Behavioral and clinical characteristics of people receiving medical care for HIV infection in an outpatient facility in Sicily, Italy
2016
Paola Di Carlo,1 Giuliana Guadagnino,1 Palmira Immordino,1 Giovanni Mazzola,2 Pietro Colletti,2 Ilenia Alongi,1 Lucia Adamoli,1 Francesco Vitale,1 Alessandra Casuccio1 1Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 2Department of Medicinal Clinics and Emerging Diseases, “Paolo Giaccone” Polyclinic University Hospital, Palermo, Italy Aim: The authors examined a cohort of HIV-positive outpatients at the AIDS Center of Palermo University in Italy in order to identify factors related to the frequency of their visits to the outpatient facility for health care services.Methods: Two hundr…
Immunogenicity of a Fully Synthetic MUC1 Glycopeptide Antitumor Vaccine Enhanced by Poly(I:C) as a TLR3-Activating Adjuvant.
2017
Fully synthetic MUC1 glycopeptide antitumor vaccines have a precisely specified structure and induce a targeted immune response without suppression of the immune response when using an immunogenic carrier protein. However, tumor-associated aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 glycopeptides are endogenous structures, “self-antigens”, that exhibit only low immunogenicity. To overcome this obstacle, a fully synthetic MUC1 glycopeptide antitumor vaccine was combined with poly(inosinic acid:cytidylic acid), poly(I:C), as a structurally defined Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-activating adjuvant. This vaccine preparation elicited extraordinary titers of IgG antibodies which strongly bound human breast cancer…
MiR675-5p Acts on HIF-1α to Sustain Hypoxic Responses: A New Therapeutic Strategy for Glioma
2016
Hypoxia is a common feature in solid tumours. In glioma, it is considered the major driving force for tumour angiogenesis and correlates with enhanced resistance to conventional therapies, increased invasiveness and a poor prognosis for patients. Here we describe, for the first time, that miR675-5p, embedded in hypoxia-induced long non-coding RNA H19, plays a mandatory role in establishing a hypoxic response and in promoting hypoxia-mediated angiogenesis. We demonstrated, in vitro and in vivo, that miR675-5p over expression in normoxia is sufficient to induce a hypoxic moreover, miR675-5p depletion in low oxygen conditions, drastically abolishes hypoxic responses including angiogenesis. In …
Gene variants of osteoprotegerin, estrogen-, calcitonin- and vitamin D-receptor genes and serum markers of bone metabolism in patients with Gaucher d…
2018
Anca Zimmermann,1 Radu A Popp,2 Heidi Rossmann,3 Simona Bucerzan,4 Ioana Nascu,4 Daniel Leucuta,5 Matthias M Weber,1 Paula Grigorescu-Sido41Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Clinic and Polyclinic of Internal Medicine, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; 2Department of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 3Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; 4Center of Genetic Diseases, 1st Pediatric Clinic, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 5Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaPurpose: Oste…
Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection by Artesunate in Larval Zebrafish
2019
Although artesunate (ART) is generally accepted as a safe and well-tolerated first-line treatment of severe malaria, cases of severe side effects and toxicity of this compound are also documented. This study applied larval zebrafishes to determine the acute toxicity and efficacy of ART and performed RNA-sequencing analyses to unravel the underlying signaling pathways contributing to ART’s activities. Results from acute toxicity assay showed that a single-dose intravenous injection of ART from 3.6 ng/fish (1/9 maximum nonlethal concentration) to 41.8 ng/fish (lethal dose 10%) obviously induced pericardial edema, circulation defects, yolk sac absorption delay, renal edema, and swim bladder l…
Use of Early Life-Stages of Zebrafish to Assess Toxicity of Sediments Contaminated by Organotin Compounds
2016
ABSTRACTThis study examined the response of early life-stages (ELS) of zebrafish to organotin-contaminated sediment from Lake Huruslahti (HL) in Central Finland. A dilution series (0, 10, 33, and 100%) of the native (HL) and the sediment spiked with tributyltin (TBT) determined a dose-response of zebrafish ELS to organotin-contaminated sediment. Sediment elutriates were assessed by bacterial bioluminescence assay and microscopical pathologies of 1–3 days post-fertilization zebrafish (1–3dpfZF). Brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) and tissue vitellogenin (vtg1) were assayed from early-juvenile zebrafish (20dpfZF) exposed to intact sediment. In vivo modulation of cyp19a1b and vtg1 transcripts in 20dpf…