Search results for "TRACE"

The role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on aerobic granules formation: comparison between a case of synthetic wastewater supply and anot…

2017

The paper focused on the evolution and the comparison of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) content during the granulation process in two Granular Sequencing Batch Airlift Reactors (GSBAR) (3,5 L) fed with synthetic (R1) and industrial wastewater (R2). The results showed that in both the reactors the EPSs, in particular proteins (PN), were mainly produced during the feast phase because of the high substrate availability, especially under conditions of metabolic stress. Then, the EPSs content reduced during the famine period, because of biodegradation by bacteria. More in detail, during the granulation process, a greater polysaccharides (PS) consumption occurred in both reactors, …

“Brainstorming”: Extracellular Vesicles in Physical Activity and Neuronal Health

2020

Physical and mental activity are known to contribute to brain health and overall longevity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted attention for their ability to transport bioactive cargo through various body-fluids and their role in tissue crosstalk and regeneration. Targeted intercellular communication processes, including those facilitated by EVs, are of vital importance for the complex architecture and function of the brain. Activated neurons trigger the transfer of EVs from myelinating oligodendrocytes to neurons, promoting neuronal long-term maintenance and survival. Likewise, physical activity leads to the liberation of EVs into the circulation, while the molecular link between …

Proteome Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Cell Line SW480 Released Extracellular Vesicles

2018

The detection and profiling of disease-specific extracellular vesicles (EVs) from body fluids has been challenging research area during recent years. However, the question – can EVs surface proteins be exploited as a credible tool for early cancer diagnosis – is still not answered. Objective of the current study was to find out whether hypoxia induces differences in protein profiles of EVs released from hypoxic human colorectal cancer cells SW480 (EVHyp) and EVs released from these cells grown in normoxic conditions – EVNorm. Obtained results show differences in EVs surface protein samples. Some protein fragments were found only or mostly in EVHyp surface protein samples. Finding of one or …

Changes in total anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity in sweet cherries during frozen storage, and air-oven and infrared drying

2016

Introduction. Sweet cherries are important dietary components, based mainly on their content of antioxidant compounds related to health benefits. Different preservation procedures cause changes in the content of these compounds. Our work aimed at evaluation of changes in the total anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activities in fresh, frozen and dried sweet cherry fruits. Materials and methods. The total anthocyanin content of edible parts of sweet cherries was studied under different postharvest conditions. The total antioxidant activities were studied using total phenolic content and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. Results and discussion. We report higher amounts of phenolics…

Nutraceuticals in gummy candies form prepared from lacto-fermented lupine protein concentrates, as high-quality protein source, incorporated withCitr…

2018

The protein and microRNA cargo of extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths – current status and research priorities

2020

Helminth parasites have a remarkable ability to persist within their mammalian hosts, which is largely due to their secretion of molecules with immunomodulatory properties. Although the soluble components of helminth secretions have been extensively studied, the discovery that helminths release extracellular vesicles (EVs) has added further complexity to the host-parasite interaction. Whilst several studies have begun to characterise the molecules carried by helminth EVs, work aimed at investigating their biological functions has been hindered by a lack of helminth-specific EV markers. To begin to address this, we summarised helminth EV literature to date. With a focus on the protein and mi…

Antitumor effect of oncolytic virus and paclitaxel encapsulated in extracellular vesicles for lung cancer treatment

2018

Standard of care for cancer is commonly a combination of surgery with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. However, in some advanced cancer patients this approach might still remaininefficient and may cause many side effects, including severe complications and even death. Oncolytic viruses exhibit different anti-cancer mechanisms compared with conventional therapies, allowing the possibility for improved effect in cancer therapy. Chemotherapeutics combined with oncolytic viruses exhibit stronger cytotoxic responses and oncolysis. Here, we have investigated the systemic delivery of the oncolytic adenovirus and paclitaxel encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EV) formulation that, in vitro, s…

A Natural Xenogeneic Endometrial Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Toward Improving Current Human in vitro Models and Future in vivo Applications

2021

Decellularization techniques support the creation of biocompatible extracellular matrix hydrogels, providing tissue-specific environments for both in vitro cell culture and in vivo tissue regeneration. We obtained endometrium derived from porcine decellularized uteri to create endometrial extracellular matrix (EndoECM) hydrogels. After decellularization and detergent removal, we investigated the physicochemical features of the EndoECM, including gelation kinetics, ultrastructure, and proteomic profile. The matrisome showed conservation of structural and tissue-specific components with low amounts of immunoreactive molecules. EndoECM supported in vitro culture of human endometrial cells in t…

Lepidopteran species have a variety of defence strategies against bacterial infections

2017

The insect immune system has versatile ways of coping with microbial insults. Currently, innate immune priming has been described in several invertebrates, and the first insights into its mechanistic basis have been described. Here we studied infections with two different strains of Serratia marcescens bacteria in two different Lepidopteran hosts. The results reveal fundamental differences between the two hosts, a well-known model organism Galleria mellonella and a non-model species Arctia plantaginis. They differ in their strategies for resisting oral infections; priming their defences against a recurring sepsis; and upregulating immunity related genes as a response to the specific pathoge…

Production of Extracellular Adenosine by CD73+ Dendritic Cells Is Crucial for Induction of Tolerance in Contact Hypersensitivity Reactions

2019

Dendritic cells (DCs) express the ecto-5′-nucleotidase CD73 that generates immunosuppressive adenosine (Ado) by dephosphorylation of extracellular Ado monophosphate and diphosphate. To investigate whether CD73-derived Ado has immune-suppressive activity, 2,4-dinitrothiocyanobenzene (DNTB) was applied to skin of wild-type (WT) or CD73-deficient (CD73–/–) mice, followed by sensitization and challenge with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. In this model, we show the induction of tolerance by DNTB against 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene only in WT but not in CD73–/– mice. Analysis of skin DCs showed increased expression of CD73 after application of DNTB in WT mice. That was accompanied by elevated concentrati…