Search results for "TRADE"

Researching a Capacity Model for Multilane Roundabouts with Negotiation of the Right-of-Way between Antagonist Traffic Flows

2012

This article summarizes a research program designed to assess operating conditions through capacity estimation at not-conventional roundabouts characterized by a central island with a large diameter and by two (or more) entering and circulating lanes. Although giving priority to vehicles on circulatory roadway is the nominal operating rule, on-field observations highlighted that in some infrastructural schemes of the type considered in this research drivers negotiate the right-of-way according to a consensus pattern that alternates between antagonist traffic flows, similarly to that observed at all-way-stop-controlled intersections. Considering the peculiarity of the way of working at round…

The Impact of Barriers on Export Behavior of a Developing Country Firms: Evidence from Tanzania

2012

The purpose of this paper is to identify main export barriers and to test empirically their impact on export behavior. A survey of 122 manufacturing firms was conducted in Tanzania between October 2008 and February 2009. The survey data were analyzed using factor analysis and the Tobit regression model. Factor analysis identified five significant barrier factors: lack of export market knowledge and information, export supply capacity constraints, inadequate export financing, inefficient regulatory framework, and poor infrastructure. The impact of the barriers on export behavior was then tested using the Tobit regression model. The results of the Tobit estimation indicated that the lack of e…

The impact of embassies and consulates on tourism

2007

Abstract This paper estimates the effect of embassies and consulates on tourist flows from the G-7 countries. The results indicate that embassies and consulates have a positive and significant effect on tourism that ranges between 15% and 30% depending on the estimation technique. Moreover, the impact is larger for the sample of developing countries. The disaggregated analysis shows that, after controlling for both origin and destination fixed effects, a significant impact is found in the seven origin countries.

Crash modeling for urban roundabouts: a case study

2013

In many cities and towns, a large number of intersections are considered sites with promise for safety and operational improvements. Several studies have been carried out in many countries to establish relationships between crashes and flow and non-flow explanatory variables, using statistical tools to investigate factors critical to road safety. Starting from a brief review of existing information and analysis on the issue, this article summarizes the findings of an exploratory analysis aimed at modeling injury crashes for a sample of urban roundabouts. The methodological path followed in this research allowed to handle issues associated with the estimation of a safety performance function…

Euroopan ammatillinen yhteisjärjestö EAY ja strategiset valinnat : identiteetit, ideologiat ja diskurssit

2012

R&D Offshoring and the Productivity Growth of European Regions

2013

The recent increase in R&D offshoring have raised fears that knowledge and competitiveness in advanced countries may be at risk of `hollowing out\'. At the same time, economic research has stressed that this process is also likely to allow some reverse technology transfer and foster growth at home. This paper addresses this issue by investigating the extent to which R&D offshoring is associated with productivity dynamics of European regions. We find that offshoring regions have higher productivity growth, but this positive effect fades down with the number of investment projects carried out abroad. A large and positive correlation emerge between the extent of R&D offshoring and the home reg…

Between Differentiation and (Dis)Integration – Theoretical Explanations of a Post-Brexit European Union

2021

The authors of this paper provide a critical analysis of the most prominent theoretical vehicles employed in studying differentiated integration in contemporary, post-Brexit Europe. They discuss the descriptive, explanatory, and interpretative potential of the selected theoretical approaches that are applied at the intersection of disintegration and European differentiation discourse. “The holy grail” of the theorising of the dynamic (and accelerating) processes of (dis)integration and differentiation remains undiscovered. Nevertheless, a constant search for theoretical explanation is needed in the in-depth analyses of the current state of the European Union.

Le commerce équitable et la société civile internationale : une chance pour la mondialisation d'un droit de l'économie solidaire

2003

SUMMARY The international trade law passes through a crisis of legitimacy following the inequitable character of its rules and the irrelevance of its principles to the peculiarities of the North-South relations. Being the legal translation of the capitalist free market economic system, these rules are to protect the mercantile and free trade values. In order to overcome this crisis the movement of fair trade has emerged and has since its origin been supported by members of the international civil society. Fair trade means taking into account the standard of living and the conditions of employment of the marginalized producers in developing countries so as to improve them. This study is an a…

Fiscal visibility in the U.S. and the European Union

2001

European Union Protection System

2014

Traditionally, the EU law (characterised as acquis communautaire) is divided into the primary law and the secondary law. This distinction of the EU law is not based on a hierarchy of norms but, as it is justly admitted in the legal literature, on sources: if the EU primary law originates from the EU Member States as ‘Masters of the Treaty’, the EU secondary law—directly from EU institutions. In the case of IGOs (as well as other IP objects such as trade marks, designs, patents, and plant variety rights), their regulation is ensured both by the EU primary law and the EU secondary law which will be reviewed separately in Part II of the book.