Search results for "TUMOR"
showing 10 items of 6365 documents
Diacylglycerol kinase α mediatses 17-β-estradiol-induced proliferation, motility, and anchorage-independent growth of Hec-1A endometrial cancer cell …
2011
Increased levels of endogenous and/or exogenous estrogens are one of the well known risk factors of endometrial cancer. Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are a family of enzymes which phosphorylate diacylglycerol (DAG) to produce phosphatidic acid (PA), thus turning off and on DAG-mediated and PA-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. DGK α activity is stimulated by growth factors and oncogenes and is required for chemotactic, proliferative, and angiogenic signaling in vitro. Herein, using either specific siRNAs or the pharmacological inhibitor R59949, we demonstrate that DGK α activity is required for 17-β-estradiol (E2)-induced proliferation, motility, and anchorage-independent growth of …
Statin-Induced Liver Injury Involves Cross-Talk between Cholesterol and Selenoprotein Biosynthetic Pathways
2009
Statins have become the mainstay of hypercholesterolemia treatment. Despite a seemingly clear rationale behind their use, the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, these compounds have been shown to elicit a variety of unanticipated and elusive effects and side effects in vivo. Among the most frequently noted side effects of statin treatment are elevations in liver enzymes. Here, we report our finding that atorvastatin, cerivastatin, and lovastatin at clinically common concentrations induce a selective, differential loss of selenoprotein expression in cultured human HepG2 hepatocytes. The primarily affected selenoprotein was glutathione peroxidase (GPx), whose biosynthesis, steady-state expressi…
Safety of high doses of somatostatin analogs in well differentiated NENs in elderly
2019
Abstract Background Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of heterogeneous neoplasms which can be treated with different therapies: in well differentiated (WD) NENs analogs of somatostatin (SSA) can be used considering their proved antineoplastic and antisecretory effects. This is a multicenter study to investigate the safety of high doses (HDD) analogs of somatostatin (SSA) in WD NENs with particular attention for patients over 70 years of age. Methods We collected clinical data from 13 Italian NENs dedicated Units. Patients with WD NENs, in progression on previous treatments, included SSA, and subsequently treated with HDD-SSA, were considered. Results 170 pts were included: 61.76% …
Coexistence of Von Willebrand disease and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (G.I.S.T): Case report of a rare and challenge association
2019
Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder and is caused by a quantitative (type 1 and 3) or qualitative (type 2) defect of Von Willebrand factor (VWF). Bleeding from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is not uncommon in VWD and is usually associated with angiodysplasia. We report herein on the management of a patient affected by VWD2B with severe GI bleeding secondary to gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) complicated by deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The current case demonstrated that the hemostatic balance, in RBDs under specific circumstances, can range from a tendency toward a hemorrhagic to normal or prothrombotic state. In these patients, a close collabor…
Medikamentöse Therapie bei Karzinoiden des Gastrointestinaltraktes
2001
Carcinoid tumors are rare and slowly growing neuroendocrine tumors of the foregut, midgut and hindgut. Drug therapy is of special importance in patients with inoperable metastasising disease. This palliative therapy is aimed at reduction of the hormone-dependent symptoms and inhibition of tumor growth. Somatostatin analogues, alpha-interferon and various chemotherapeutic agents are used for this purpose. Drug therapy can be supplemented by surgical and radiological intervention through interdisciplinary cooperation of the surgeon, radiologist, endocrinologist and gastroenterologist.
TH-302 + Gemcitabine (G + T) vs Gemcitabine (G) in Patients with Previously Untreated advanced Pancreatic Cancer (PAC)
2012
ABSTRACT Background TH-302 is a hypoxia targeted prodrug with a hypoxia-triggered 2-nitroimidazole component designed to release the DNA alkylator, bromo-isophosphoramide mustard (Br-IPM), when reduced in severe hypoxia. A randomized Phase 2B study (NCT01144455) was conducted to assess the benefit of G + T to standard dose G as first-line therapy of PAC. Materials and methods An open-label multi-center study of two dose levels of TH-302 (240 mg/m2 or 340 mg/m2) in combination with G versus G alone (randomized 1:1:1). G (1000 mg/m2) and T were administered IV over 30-60 minutes on Days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Patients on the G could crossover after progression and be randomized to a G…
Diabetes Secondary to Acromegaly: Physiopathology, Clinical Features and Effects of Treatment.
2018
Acromegaly is a rare disease due to chronic GH excess and to the consequent increase in IGF-1 levels. Both GH and IGF-1 play a role in intermediate metabolism affecting glucose homeostasis. Indeed, chronic GH excess impairs insulin sensitivity, increases gluconeogenesis, reduces the glucose uptake in adipose tissue and muscle and alters pancreatic β cells function. As a consequence, glucose metabolism alterations are a very frequent complication in acromegaly patients, further contributing to the increased cardiovascular risk and mortality. Treatment modalities of acromegaly differently impact on glucose tolerance. Successful surgical treatment of acromegaly ameliorates glucose metabolism a…
A human hepatocellular in vitro model to investigate steatosis
2006
The present study was designed to define an experimental model of hepatocellular steatosis with a fat overaccumulation profile in which the metabolic and cytotoxic/apoptotic effects could be separated. This was accomplished by defining the experimental conditions of lipid exposure that lead to significant intracellular fat accumulation in the absence of overt cytotoxicity, therefore allowing to differentiate between cytotoxic and apoptotic effects. Palmitic (C16:0) and oleic (Cl 8: 1) acids are the most abundant fatty acids (FFAs) in liver triglycerides in both normal subjects and patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells were incub…
Der Metastasendurchmesser ist entscheidend für das lokale Behandlungsergebnis nach Kryotherapie colorectaler Lebermetastasen
1998
In a retrospective analysis we aimed to assess the incidence of local recurrence at the cryosite as well as possible prognostic indicators for the disease-free interval at the cryosite following hepatic cryotherapy for non-resectable colorectal metastases. At a median follow-up of 22 months, 66 of 85 patients had developed tumor recurrence, involving local recurrence at the cryosite in 28 patients, with cryoablated metastases of >3 cm being associated with shorter disease-free intervals at the cryosite. Improvements in probe placement and monitoring of the freezing process are required to allow successful treatment of large liver metastases.
Prostanoid release of cultured liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in response to endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor
1990
Abstract Vascular endothelial cells release prostanoids, especially prostacyclin, when properly stimulated. In addition to short acting stimuli like thrombin and histamine an increased prostanoid release occurs in the presence of endotoxin, interleukin 1 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The response of sinusoidal endothelial liver cells to such stimuli — probably important in hepatic inflammatory disease — is unknown. Sinusoidal endothelial liver cells from the guinea pig were isolated by centrifugal elutriation and investigated as confluent monolayers. Their prostanoid release in response to endotoxin and human recombinant TNF was determined by radioimmunoassays and compared to that obtaine…