Search results for "TYR"
showing 10 items of 2017 documents
Continuous intra-amygdalar infusion of GABA in the amygdala kindling model of epilepsy in rat.
2003
Objective: To explore the effect of continuous intra-amygdalar infusion of GABA in the amygdala kindling model of epilepsy in rat. Methods: An electrode and cannula complex was implanted in adult male Wistar rats, the electrode being targeted to the left basolateral amygdala. The animals were subjected to a standard kindling procedure. Osmotic minipumps filled with either GABA or mannitol were connected to cannulas and allowed to infuse during 7 days. Kindling experiments measuring after-discharge and seizure thresholds, seizure severity and duration, and behavioral toxicity were performed before, during and after the drug infusion period. Results: Both after-discharge and seizure threshold…
Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity by leflunomide.
1993
AbstractThe active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726 inhibits the proliferation of a variety of mammalian cell lines in culture. Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-dependent proliferation is inhibited by A77 1726 at an effective dose of 30–40 μM. A77 1726 appears to directly inhibit the EGF receptor tyrosine-specific kinase activity both in intact cells and purified EGF receptors at the same effective dose. These data suggest that leflunomide inhibits cellular proliferation by the inhibition of tyrosine-specific kinase activities.
Phenotypic expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) mutation P250R in a large craniosynostosis family.
1997
The craniosynostosis syndromes are a heterogeneous group of sporadic, autosomal dominant disorders with significant clinical overlap. Recently, we described a large family with autosomal dominant craniosynostosis suggestive of Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, in which linkage to the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome loci on 7p had been excluded. We now report the presence of a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) in this family. The mutation, P250R, had been previously reported in 10 patients with non-syndromic craniosynostosis. Variable expression of this mutation is evident especially in two additional members of this family, one of whom is severely affected with pancraniosynostosi…
Characterization of a population of tyrosine hydroxylase-containing interneurons in the external plexiform layer of the rat olfactory bulb
2012
The olfactory bulb (OB) of mammals contains the major endogenous dopamine-producing system in the forebrain. The vast majority of dopaminergic neurons consists of juxtaglomerular cells, which innervate the olfactory glomeruli and modulate the entrance of sensory information to the OB. Although dopaminergic juxtaglomerular cells have been widely investigated, the presence of dopaminergic interneurons other than juxtaglomerular cells has been largely unexplored. In this study, we analyze a population of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-containing interneurons located in the external plexiform layer (EPL) of the rat OB. These interneurons are GABAergic and morphologically heterogeneous. They have an …
Acute inactivation of the medial forebrain bundle imposes oscillations in the SNr: a challenge for the 6-OHDA model?
2010
It has been recently shown that the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats, under urethane anaesthesia, manifests a prominent low frequency oscillation (LFO) of around 1Hz, synchronized with cortical slow wave activity (SWA). Nevertheless, it is poorly understood whether these electrophysiological alterations are correlated only with severe dopamine depletion or may also play a relevant pathogenetic role in the early stages of the dopamine denervation. Hence, here we recorded SNr single units and electrocorticogram (ECoG) in two models of dopamine denervation: (i) acute dopamine denervated rats, obtained by injection of tetrodotoxin (TTX), (ii) ch…
Metabolism of metyrapone by a soluble enzyme system in rat liver.
1970
The formation of a metabolite of metyrapone by an oxygen sensitive soluble enzyme system in rat liver 105,000×g supernatant has been demonstrated. Enzyme activity requires the intact keto function of metyrapone.
Identification and phenotypic characterization of a subpopulation of T84 human colon cancer cells, after selection on activated endothelial cells
2004
The extravasation of metastatic cells is regulated by molecular events involving the initial adhesion of tumor cells to the endothelium and subsequently the migration of the cells in the host connective tissue. The differences in metastatic ability could be attributed to properties intrinsic of the various primary tumor types. Thus, the clonal selection of neoplastic cells during cancer progression results in cells better equipped for survival and formation of colonies in secondary sites. A cell line (T84SF) exhibiting an altered phenotypic appearance was selected from a colon cancer cell line (T84) by repetitive plating on TNFα-activated human endothelial cells and subsequent selection for…
Engineered microenvironments for synergistic VEGF - Integrin signalling during vascularization
2017
We have engineered polymer-based microenvironments that promote vasculogenesis both in vitro and in vivo through synergistic integrin-growth factor receptor signalling. Poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) triggers spontaneous organization of fibronectin (FN) into nanonetworks which provide availability of critical binding domains. Importantly, the growth factor binding (FNIII12-14) and integrin binding (FNIII9-10) regions are simultaneously available on FN fibrils assembled on PEA. This material platform promotes synergistic integrin/VEGF signalling which is highly effective for vascularization events in vitro with low concentrations of VEGF. VEGF specifically binds to FN fibrils on PEA compared to …
Perlecan-Induced Suppression of Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Is Mediated Through Increased Activity of the Tumor Suppressor PTEN
2004
We were interested in the elucidation of the interaction between the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan, and PTEN in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth. We verified serum-stimulated DNA synthesis, and Akt and FAK phosphorylation were significantly reduced in SMCs overexpressing wild-type PTEN. Our previous studies showed perlecan is a potent inhibitor of serum-stimulated SMC growth. We report in the present study, compared with SMCs plated on fibronectin, serum-stimulated SMCs plated on perlecan exhibited increased PTEN activity, decreased FAK and Akt activities, and high levels of p27, consistent with SMC growth arrest. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of cons…
The endocannabinoid system controls key epileptogenic circuits in the hippocampus.
2006
SummaryBalanced control of neuronal activity is central in maintaining function and viability of neuronal circuits. The endocannabinoid system tightly controls neuronal excitability. Here, we show that endocannabinoids directly target hippocampal glutamatergic neurons to provide protection against acute epileptiform seizures in mice. Functional CB1 cannabinoid receptors are present on glutamatergic terminals of the hippocampal formation, colocalizing with vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1). Conditional deletion of the CB1 gene either in cortical glutamatergic neurons or in forebrain GABAergic neurons, as well as virally induced deletion of the CB1 gene in the hippocampus, demonstrat…