Search results for "Taxes"

A financial feasibility study of an aquaponic system in a Mediterranean urban context

2019

Abstract Aquaponics is largely recognized as a solution for sustainable food production as it follows a biomimetic natural system and the circular economy principles, allowing large food productivity on nonagricultural land, and at the same time strongly reducing inputs and waste. In this study, we collected technical, economic and production data from a pilot aquaponic plant producing lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) realized in an urban context in Sicily (Southern Italy), very suitable area for aquaponic production in relation to the Mediterranean climate. Through the determination of Net return and Break Even Point, analysing on one side the items which c…

El ?Alivio de las Indias?. la Real Hacienda Filipina, 1565-1800

2019

Previo al estudio de la Real Hacienda filipina, el trabajo se centrará en la definición del marco territorial, la función del archipiélago en la estrategia imperial y la gran transformación de finales del siglo xVIII que afectó a su situación en el conjunto colonial. En segundo lugar, se expondrá el estado de la cuestión y las principales hipótesis sobre la evolución del Tesoro filipino y los problemas que planteaba su viabilidad, así como las fuentes y la metodología empleadas. A continuación se examinarán las grandes tendencias de la Hacienda en el largo plazo y los componentes del ingreso y el gasto, para finalizar con algunas conclusiones, en especial la respuesta a la siguiente pregunt…

Interventions with Sticky Social Norms: A Critique

2021

Abstract We study the consequences of policy interventions when social norms are endogenous but costly to change. In our environment, a group faces a negative externality that it partially mitigates through incentives in the form of punishments. In this setting, policy interventions can have unexpected consequences. The most striking is that when the cost of bargaining is high, introducing a Pigouvian tax can increase output—yet in doing so increase welfare. An observer who saw that an increase in a Pigouvian tax raised output might wrongly conclude that this harmed welfare and that a larger tax increase would also raise output. This counter-intuitive impact on output is demonstrated theore…

Artilleriâ Velikogo Knâžestva Litovskogo v XVII v. : finansirovanie, voennye transportnye rashody, remeslennaâ rabota

2015

State artillery in Lithuania in the seventeenth century was relatively neglected area of military and only from 1637 years it constituted a separate body. In the second half of the seventeenth century cannon in the arsenals of Lithuania were outdated and there were rarely works with new ones. During this period, it also struggled with the problem of its unification. In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania there was also a private artillery, and the law allowed anyone nobleman, if he could afford it, to have a cannon. The private fortresses they were much more modern than the artillery State. Another issue was transporting artillery to the war,which was associated with the employment of many people,…

Finances and credit: problems, conceptions, management

2001

Economic situation in the Baltic States is investigated, in particular the development of economics in transition is analysed in Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Poland. There are studied the following details: Monetary and exchange rate policy; Crediting and bank management; Development of securities market; Management of taxes and finance; Development of accounting policy; Pension reform perspective etc.

LA SCALA A. E., EU-Taxes - Taxing competences within the legal framework of the European Community, national report for Italy, Kluwer International, …

2008

Ad oggi non esistono tributi "propri" dell'Unione europea. La loro imposizione solleva questioni tecniche di grande rilevanza e postula una spinta verso l'armonizzazione e il coordinaemnto delle politiche fiscali degli Stati membri. L'istituzione di tributi "comunitari" implicherebbe la nascita di un rapporto giuridico d'imposta tra contribuente e istituzioni comunitarie e dovrebbe avvenire senza innalzare l'attuare pressione fiscale all'interno degli Stati membri.

EU-Taxes - Taxing competences within the legal framework of the European Community, national report for Italy

2008

The Evaluation of the Cultural Industries Impacts on the Local Economies: The Teatro Massimo Foundation

2022

Thanks to its relevant positive effects, the cultural industry, including the Opera Houses, is becoming increasingly important for economic and social well-being. On the other hand, given their cultural relevance and the high costs, these activities require the support of public funds. This evidence generates the need to quantify the economic benefits deriving from its activities to evaluate the opportunity and the return of the public financial support. The study analyses the case of the Fondazione Teatro Massimo di Palermo offering an estimate of the economic, occupational, and fiscal impact on the municipal, provincial, regional, and national territories. The results show how the Opera H…

Issues on Financing Sources of Environmental Fund In Romania

2017

Abstract Environmental taxation has been developing for decades and it started to gain its importance, especially with the European Union extending. The usage of taxes as a part of environmental policy has been known for some time in Romania and developments in this area continued year by year. The present paper explores the current system of environmental taxes in Romania. It highlights the importance of car pollution tax in financing Environmental Fund and the existence of many tax liabilities irrelevant as financial importance.

Investigating the role of environmental taxes and regulations for renewable energy consumption: evidence from developed economies

2021

The current study aims to explore the role of environmental taxes and regulations for the renewable energy consumption, focusing on reporting policy suggestions to overcome climate change issues and achieve environmental sustainability. The main objective of this paper is to examine the relation between renewable energy, environmental taxes, environmental technologies, and environmental regulations in 29 OECD countries during 1996–2018. More precisely, we inspect the impact of the environmental regulations and environmental technologies on the renewable energy consumption. The authors employ CIPS and CADF unit root tests, panel Westerlund co-integration test, FMOLS, and Quantile regression …