Search results for "Temperament"

The new medical aspect of the temperance question / by Dr. Aspinall Marsden

1915

Altruistic Aptitude: Age-Dependent Influence of Temperament and Emotional Intelligence

2013

It is unclear why some people behave altruistically and others do not. This study seeks to determine what psychological features could help predict altruistic behavior. We addressed the issue by examining distinct dimensions of temperament and emotional intelligence and their associations with the level of proaltruistic aptitude in two distant age-groups, young (20–29 years) and senior (60–79 years) persons. The study was one of a self-reported psychometric survey. The major findings were that emotional intelligence, rather than temperament, is strongly associated with the expression of altruistic behavior in both young and senior subjects, despite a general decrease in the characteristics …

Impact of maternal age on infants' emotional regulation and psychomotor development

2021

AbstractBackgroundMaternal age has progressively increased in industrialized countries. Most studies focus on the consequences of delayed motherhood for women's physical and mental health, but little is known about potential effects on infants' neurodevelopment. This prospective study examines the association between maternal age and offspring neurodevelopment in terms of both psychomotor development (Ages & Stages Questionnaires-3) and emotional competences (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire).MethodsWe evaluated a cohort of healthy pregnant women aged 20–41 years and their offspring, assessed at 38 weeks gestation (n= 131) and 24 months after birth (n= 101). Potential age-related …

Are affective temperaments determinants of quality of life in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder?

2018

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a disabling illness that is associated with low quality of life (QoL). This low QoL goes further than mood episodes, which suggests that stable traits, such as affective temperaments, can cause functional impairment. Objective: Our study analyses the impact of affective temperaments on the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) of QoL in euthymic BD patients. Methods: A multicentre study was conducted in 180 euthymic BD patients and 95 healthy controls. Firstly, statistical analyses were performed to compare QoL and affective temperaments between the two groups. Secondly, Adaptive Lasso Analysis was carried out to identify th…

Developmental Underpinnings of the Association of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Subtypes to Neuropsychological and Academic Weakne…

2005

Caron and Rutter (1) and Pennington (2) recently published excellent conceptual and methodological reviews and analyses of comorbidity in child psychopathology, and a special issue of Developmental Neuropsychology (3) reviewed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-learning disabilities (LD) comorbidity in particular. None of these reviews, however, focused on the association of dimensions of ADHD and cognitive development, which are included in this chapter. Moreover, relatively little empirical data exist from early development. It is very likely that language-related impairments and extreme temperament traits contribute to the emergence of developmental problems and/or the accum…

Tuning continua and keyboard layouts

2008

Previous work has demonstrated the existence of keyboard layouts capable of maintaining consistent fingerings across a parametrized family of tunings. This paper describes the general principles underlying layouts that are invariant in both transposition and tuning. Straightforward computational methods for determining appropriate bases for a regular temperament are given in terms of a row-reduced matrix for the temperament-mapping. A concrete description of the range over which consistent fingering can be maintained is described by the valid tuning range. Measures of the resulting keyboard layouts allow direct comparison of the ease with which various chordal and scalic patterns can be fin…

Diritto di sciopero e servizi pubblici essenziali

2015

The right to strike became a constitutional right in Italy only in 1948, when the Italian Constitution was approved; however it was necessary to wait more than forty years to put this right into effect. Indeed, only in 1990 was Law no. 146, regarding the public services right to strike, approved, and subsequently reformed ten years later, with Law no. 83. The Italian constitutional system the right includes the right to strike as one of many such rights, and it, therefore, has to be balanced with other individual rights, such as the right to free movement or the right access health care. A special body has the task of balancing the right to strike with other constitutional rights, that is t…

La valutazione del temperamento infantile: osservazioni dirette e indirette delle espressioni emotive nel primo anno di vita

2016

Lo studio si propone di esaminare le differenze individuali nell’espressione delle emozioni di gioia, rabbia, interesse e paura e nel livello di attività di bambini nel primo anno di vita, utilizzando un approccio multi-metodo basato sull’utilizzo di uno strumento di osservazione diretta, la Lab-TAB (Goldsmith e Rothbart, 1999), e uno strumento di osservazione indiretta, il questionario IBQ-R (Montirosso, Cozzi, Putnam, Gartstein e Borgatti, 2011). I dati delle osservazioni dirette sono stati rilevati attraverso due diversi sistemi di codifica: molecolare e globale. Obiettivo dello studio è anche di verificare se i risultati ottenuti con i due sistemi di codifica delle osservazioni converga…

Profili temperamentali e stili di attaccamento nei bambini nati prematuri in età prescolare

2011

A cross-cultural study of behavioral inhibition in toddlers: East-West-North-South

2006

The prevalence of behavioral inhibition in toddlers was examined in five cultures. Participants in this study included 110 Australian, 108 Canadian, 151 Chinese, 104 Italian, and 113 South Korean toddlers and their mothers who were observed during a structured observational laboratory session. Matched procedures were used in each country, with children encountering an unfamiliar stranger with a truck and a robot. Indicators of inhibition included the length of time toddlers delayed before approaching the stranger and the duration of contact with their mother while the stranger was in the room. Results were generally consistent with expectations and showed differences between eastern and we…