Search results for "Temporal lobe"

ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE/cGMP PATHWAY IN CANNABINOID MODULATION OF PAROXYSMAL PHENOMENA

Hsp60 response in experimental and human temporal lobe epilepsy due to hyppocampal sclerosis

2015

Hsp60 is widely distributed in the brain, and its alteration has been involved in different neurological disorders. Epilepsy is considered one of the most common neurological disorders and typically involves the hippocampal formation. Compelling evidence describes a role of mitochondria, oxidative stress and both innate and adaptive immunity during epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy due to hyppocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS). Here, we investigate the Hsp60 involvement in experimental and human epilepsy. Firstly, expression and distribution of Hsp60 in epileptic hippocampi of a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), based on the phenomenon of maximal dentate gyrus activation (MDA), usi…

Interictal Heart Rate Variability Analysis Reveals Lateralization of Cardiac Autonomic Control in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

2020

International audience; Purpose: The temporal lobe, a critical hub for cognition, also plays a central role in the regulation of autonomic cardiovascular functions. Lesions in this area are usually associated with abnormalities in the regulation of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). The analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) is useful to evaluate the cardiac parasympathetic nervous system activity. This study aims at comparing HRV changes occurring in two groups of patients suffering from Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE). To that aim, we evaluated patients differentiated by the right or left location of the epileptic foci. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two adult patients with a diagn…

Identification Of Mitotically Competent SOX2+ Cells In White Matter Of Normal Human Adult Brain

2011

AbstractSOX2 expression is linked to the undifferentiated state of stem cells in mammalian neurogenic niches. While its expression has been reported in the adult human subventricular zone (SVZ), to date it has not been detected in adult human white matter. Here we describe a population of SOX2+ cells from the white matter of the adult human temporal lobe, which proliferate and express glial markers in vitro.

Pairwise and higher-order measures of brain-heart interactions in children with temporal lobe epilepsy

2022

Abstract Objective. While it is well-known that epilepsy has a clear impact on the activity of both the central nervous system (CNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), its role on the complex interplay between CNS and ANS has not been fully elucidated yet. In this work, pairwise and higher-order predictability measures based on the concepts of Granger Causality (GC) and partial information decomposition (PID) were applied on time series of electroencephalographic (EEG) brain wave amplitude and heart rate variability (HRV) in order to investigate directed brain-heart interactions associated with the occurrence of focal epilepsy. Approach. HRV and the envelopes of δ and α EEG activity re…

Spoken-Word Segmentation and Dyslexia

2002

We used magnetoencephalography to elucidate the cortical activation associated with the segmentation of spoken words in nonreading-impaired and dyslexic adults. The subjects listened to binaurally presented sentences where the sentence-ending words were either semantically appropriate or inappropriate to the preceding sentence context. Half of the inappropriate final words shared two or three initial phonemes with the highly expected semantically appropriate words. Two temporally and functionally distinct response patterns were detected in the superior temporal lobe. The first response peaked at approximately 100 msec in the supratemporal plane and showed no sensitivity to the semantic appr…

Elevated end systolic function in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy

2018

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a common cause of premature death amongst epilepsy patients. It is hypothesized to result from cardiorespiratory dysfunction, but the exact aetiology is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if functional cardiovascular alterations were present in rats with chronic epileptic behaviour. Naive control rats were compared to a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy that was induced using a repeated low-dose kainic acid (KA) protocol. The results indicate that end-systolic volume was significantly (p=0.01) higher in the epileptic group whilst end-diastolic volume did not reach significance (p=0.08). Ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac o…

Spinal Intradural Intramedullary Dissemination in the Absence of Intracranial Relapse of a Previously Radically Treated Temporal Lobe Glioblastoma Mu…

2017

Intracranial glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) constitutes the most frequent and unfortunately aggressive primary central nervous system malignancy. Despite the high tendency of these tumors to show local relapse within the brain after primary therapy, dissemination into the spinal axis is an infrequent event. If spinal metastases occur they are leptomeningeal in the vast majority of cases and always in the context of intracranial progressive disease. Spinal intramedullary metastases of intracranial GBM have rarely been described to date. We report the unique case of a young woman with subacute progressive paraparesis due to spinal intramedullary metastases of a temporal lobe GBM despite the re…

Alteration of dopamine D2/D3 receptor binding in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

2010

Summary Purpose:  To quantify extrastriatal and striatal D2/D3 receptor binding in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) using the high-affinity dopamine D2/D3 receptor positron emission tomography (PET) ligand 18F-Fallypride ([18F]FP). Methods:  Twelve patients with JME and 21 age-matched control subjects were studied. Dynamic images (180 min) were acquired after injection of [18F]FP. Patients had been seizure-free of all seizure types for at least 10 days before scanning. Parametric images of binding potential (BP) were created using the simplified reference tissue model. The images were stereotactically normalized using a ligand-specific template. We performed a voxel-based ana…

The role of circulating and exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers of drug-resistant epilepsy

Epilepsy is estimated to affect about 65 million individuals worldwide, with up to 30 percent of drug-resistant patients who do not have remission despite appropriate therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Therefore, it is important to distinguish drug-resistant epilepsy early in the course of disease to start a specific therapeutical approach as soon as possible. Recently circulating miRNAs have been proposed as promising biomarkers for different neurodegenerative disorders, including epilepsy. MiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNA that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. The regulatory mechanisms controlling translation of mRNA transcripts represents to date a…