Search results for "Tension"
showing 10 items of 2456 documents
Molecular dynamics simulation of the surface tension of aqueous sodium chloride: from dilute to highly supersaturated solutions and molten salt
2018
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is one of the key components of atmospheric aerosols. The surface tension of aqueous NaCl solution (σNaCl,sol) and its concentration dependence are essential to determine the equilibrium water vapor pressure of aqueous NaCl droplets. Supersaturated NaCl solution droplets are observed in laboratory experiments and under atmospheric conditions, but the experimental data for σNaCl,sol are mostly limited up to subsaturated solutions. In this study, the surface tension of aqueous NaCl is investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the pressure tensor method from dilute to highly supersaturated solutions. We show that the linear approximation of concentration de…
Surface tension and density of binary mixtures of monoalcohols, water and acetonitrile: equation of correlation of the surface tension
2009
Measurements of the surface tension (σ) and density (ρ) of binary mixtures of monoalcohols, water and acetonitrile at 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure, as a function of mole fraction (x) have been made. The experimental values of the deviation of surface tension and the excess of molar volume (Δσ, V E) have been correlated by the Redlich–Kister equation. An empirical correlation equation is presented for the study of the surface tension of these mixtures, and comparisons are made of the experimental values of surface tension versus those obtained with the correlation equation and with other models of correlation. Finally, with the purpose of corroborating the validity of the correlation…
Effects of cimetidine, atropine and prostaglandin E2 on rat mucosal erosions produced by intragastric distension
1980
Abstract The effects of three typical antisecretory agents: cimetidine, atrophine and prostaglandin E2 were compared on an acute rat gastric ulcer model which consisted of perfusing the stomach continuously, at a high intraluminal pressure (120 mm H2O), with a simulated gastric juice (0.1 M HCl plus 600 mg pepsin/1). As the acid and pepsin are given exogenously the inhibitory action of the antisecretory drugs is obviated in this model. Cimetidine and atropine failed to reduce gastric erosions, whereas prostaglandin E2 markedly reduced the severity of the mucosal lesions with respect to control values. Long-term treatment with cimetidine also failed to increase the resistance of the gastric …
Obesity and Outcomes in COVID-19: When an Epidemic and Pandemic Collide.
2020
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and in much of the westernized world, contributing to considerable morbidity. Several of these obesity-related morbidities are associated with greater risk for death with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 penetrates human cells through direct binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors on the cell surface. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in adipose tissue is higher than that in lung tissue, which means that adipose tissue may be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. Obese patients also have worse outcomes with COVID-19 infection, including respiratory failure, n…
La construcción de los límites a la libertad de expresión en las redes sociales
2016
La generalización de las comunicaciones electrónicas, junto a otras muchas transformaciones, ha facilitado enormemente tanto la comunicación interpersonal como la participación en el debate público a cualquier ciudadano. Como resultado, el pluralismo se ha visto indudablemente enriquecido, así como las posibilidades de recibir información y ser miembro activo de la comunidad política. Otras consecuencias de esta transformación, sin embargo, presentan algunas aristas. Así, esta ampliación del espacio público ha limitado también los espacios de estricta privacidad, incluyendo aquellos ámbitos donde históricamente la expresión de todo tipo de ideas y opiniones quedaban en la intimidad, que cad…
Tensions and expression in Milos Forman’s American films
2012
Milos Forman’s American films require a plural outlook. The director has always been drawn to stories of conflicts that are essential, according to him, to study human passion. This tension, thematic as well as esthetic, allows him to show the smallest mechanisms that lead to oppression in European and American stories, providing the viewer with a lesson of anatomy that pinpoints the most invisible magnetic forces leading to power. This course is accompanied by a journey to individualism, through forces involved in the identification with attractive though realistic characters, through the rediscovery of individual freedom within primitive or regressive worlds, insisting on the necessity of…
Quantification of the Detrimental Effect of a Single Primer-Template Mismatch by Real-Time PCR Using the 16S rRNA Gene as an Example
2008
ABSTRACT We investigated the effects of internal primer-template mismatches on the efficiency of PCR amplification using the 16S rRNA gene as the model template DNA. We observed that the presence of a single mismatch in the second half of the primer extension sequence can result in an underestimation of up to 1,000-fold of the gene copy number, depending on the primer and position of the mismatch.
Hypertension treatment in patients with sleep apnea from the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort - towards precision medicine.
2022
We recruited 5,970 patients with hypertension with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on current antihypertensive treatment from the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort. The group was subdivided into those receiving monotherapy (n = 3,594) and those receiving dual combined therapy (n = 2,376). We studied how major OSA confounders like age, gender, and body mass index as well as the degree of sleep apnea modified office systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Beta-blockers alone or in combination with a diuretic were compared with other antihypertensive drug classes. Monotherapy with beta-blocker was associated with lower systolic blood pressure, particularly in non-obese middle-aged male…
Isolated Systolic Hypertension in the Young
2019
Elevated systolic blood pressure with normal diastolic blood pressure is the most prevalent type of hypertension in young people. The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension reported among youth ranges widely as a result of the differences in population characteristics such as age, ethnicity, and obesity. Even though it is not an unusual condition, there is still debate in the literature about the clinical significance of an isolated increase in systolic blood pressure detected in the first decades of life. The reported phenotypic characteristics of subjects with isolated systolic hypertension are rather scarce and many relevant pieces of information are still elusive. Further studies …
Efficient prediction of thermodynamic properties of quadrupolar fluids from simulation of a coarse-grained model: the case of carbon dioxide.
2008
Monte Carlo simulations are presented for a coarse-grained model of real quadrupolar fluids. Molecules are represented by particles interacting with Lennard-Jones forces plus the thermally averaged quadrupole-quadrupole interaction. The properties discussed include the vapor-liquid coexistence curve, the vapor pressure along coexistence, and the surface tension. The full isotherms are also accessible over a wide range of temperatures and densities. It is shown that the critical parameters (critical temperature, density, and pressure) depend almost linearly on a quadrupolar parameter q=Q(*4)T*, where Q* is the reduced quadrupole moment of the molecule and T* the reduced temperature. The mode…