Search results for "Th1"
showing 10 items of 238 documents
T-bet and mucosal Th1 responses in the gastrointestinal tract
2002
T cells play an essential role in regulating mucosal immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent observations on T helper cell differentiation and activation by regulatory transcription factors-especially T-bet-in chronic inflammatory diseases have provided new perspectives for understanding mucosal immunity. Here we summarise recent advances in the field of transcription factors and discuss the implications of these findings for future therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel diseases. In particular, we have focused on the role of T-bet in controlling mucosal Th1 responses in the gastrointestinal tract.
Transcriptional targeting of dendritic cells in gene gun-mediated DNA immunization favors the induction of type 1 immune responses
2003
Cutaneous dendritic cells (DC) are pivotal for the elicitation of antigen-specific immune responses following gene gun-mediated biolistic transfection of the skin. We transcriptionally targeted transgene expression to DC using vectors containing the murine fascin promoter (pFascin) to control antigen production and compared the immune response elicited with conventional DNA immunization using plasmid constructs with the ubiquitously active CMV promoter (pCMV). Biolistic transfection with pFascin initiated a marked type 1 immune response characterized by the occurrence of a large population of IFN-gamma-producing T helper (Th) cells in spleen and draining lymph nodes. Consistently, immunoglo…
Regulatory T Cells More Effectively Suppress Th1-Induced Airway Inflammation Compared with Th2
2011
Abstract Asthma is a syndrome with different inflammatory phenotypes. Animal models have shown that, after sensitization and allergen challenge, Th2 and Th1 cells contribute to the development of allergic airway disease. We have previously demonstrated that naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs) can only marginally suppress Th2-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. In this study, we investigated nTreg-mediated suppression of Th2-induced and Th1-induced acute allergic airway disease. We demonstrate in vivo that nTregs exert their suppressive potency via cAMP transfer on Th2- and Th1-induced airway disease. A comparison of both phenotypes revealed that, despite …
Th0 to Th1 switch of CD4 T cell clones specific from the 16-kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after successful therapy: lack of involvement o…
2005
Abstract In this study, we have examined the influence of HLA-DR molecules and the structure of the epitope repertoire of the 16-kDa protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the acquisition of the cytokine secretion pattern of CD4 T cell clones, obtained from tuberculous patients before and after anti-mycobacterial therapy. Our data indicate that TB patients have a predominant Th0 response against the 16-kDa protein and its epitopes and that healing, induced by anti-mycobacterial therapy, is associated with a shift toward a predominant Th1 phenotype. Moreover, both HLA-DR molecules restricting the clone specificity and the nature of the recognized epitope do not play any role in the generat…
Housing Affordability in Metropolitan Areas. The Application of a Combination of the Ratio Income and Residual Income Approaches to Two Case Studies …
2017
Housing affordability problems have become more serious over the course of the last few decades and are now also affecting the middle-class, despite the fall in prices on the housing market. This study proposes a methodology to assess threshold-income as an index for measuring housing affordability by applying a combination of the ratio income and residual income approaches. The methodology is applied to two particular areas of Sicily in Italy as case studies consisting of medium-size metropolitan areas located in a less developed European region. The areas have been chosen on the basis of their different territorial structure: a polarized area that comprises a high-density city centre and …
Integración de restos arqueológicos Almohades en el metropolitano de Granada. La investigación multidisciplinar para el proyecto y desarrollo de infr…
2014
The execution of the Granada Metropolitan’s underground line made possible the discovery of archeological remains of a water tank in Alcázar Genil, a royal muslim residence of the 13th century. The water tank, 419 × 88 ft, was destroyed at its ends due to the growth of the city of Granada during the 20th century and today remains only its center section, under Camino de Ronda, exactly where the future Metropolitan will take place. The location of an underground station will allow the recovery, the integration and the exhibition of the archaeological remains of this water tank. The Alcázar Genil station project brings together the work of several disciplines which put in the same level engin…
Etude de NLRP3 dans les cellules myéloïdes immunosuppressives et les lymphocytes TCD4 dans un contexte de cancer
2013
The inflammasome NLRP3 (NOD like receptor pyd containing 3) is a multiprotein complex notably responsible for IL-1β (interleukine-1β) production, an inflammatory cytokine. Negative effects have been observed in various diseases including cancer. My thesis focuses on the effects of NLRP3 in cancer.In my first project, I studied the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MDSC (myeloïd derived suppressor cells) after a chemotherapy treatment. Two chemotherapies, 5-Fluorouracil and Gemcitabine, are selectively able to kill MDSC, an immunosuppressive population growing during cancer evolution. MDSC’s death restores anti-tumor immunity for a while but another immunosuppressive population is established…
Molecular mechanisms of primary and secondary mucosal immunity using avian infectious bronchitis virus as a model system
2007
Although mucosal immune responses are critical for protection of hosts from clinical illness and even mortality caused by mucosal pathogens, the molecular mechanism of mucosal immunity, which is independent of systemic immunity, remains elusive. To explore the mechanistic basis of mucosal protective immunity, gene transcriptional profiling in mucosal tissues was evaluated after the primary and secondary immunization of animals with an attenuated avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a prototype of Coronavirus and a well-characterized mucosal pathogen. Results showed that a number of innate immune factors including toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic-acid-inducible gene-1 (RIG-1), type I…
Pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease: transcription factors in the spotlight.
1998
See article on page 477 Dysregulated cytokine production by mucosal lymphocytes and macrophages has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, the two major forms of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).1 Over the past few years, various murine models of chronic intestinal inflammation resembling IBD have been discovered which have provided important clues as to the nature of this dysregulation and to its possible treatment with cytokines.2 Thus, in studies of several of the models most closely resembling Crohn’s disease it has been shown that production of large amounts of Th1-type cytokines—for example, interferon γ, by T cells is a major and ess…
Response to 'TH1 and TH2 cytokine control of thyrocyte survival in thyroid autoimmunity'
2001
Mirakian et al. question our recent results, which suggest that thyrocyte survival during thyroid autoimmunity depends on differential effects of TH1 and TH2 cytokines1. Thyrocyte destruction in autoimmune thyroiditis is a slow process that lasts several years. We hypothesized that in thyroid autoimmunity the balance between life and death in thyrocytes depends on the predominance over the time of TH2 and TH1 cytokines, whose action is not restricted to immune cells but involves direct modulation of key molecules responsible for survival or death of target cells1.