Search results for "Theory"

showing 10 items of 24627 documents

Perfectionism and performance-related psychobiosocial states: The mediating role of competition appraisals.

2022

Using the multi-states (MuSt) theory as a framework, the present study focused on the individual (personality) antecedents of psychobiosocial states. Psychobiosocial states comprise emotional subjective experiences and their correlates (cognitive, motivational, volitional, bodily, motor-behavioural, operational, and communicative), that can be functional for performance (helpful) or dysfunctional (harmful). Specifically, we examined the relationships between two perfectionism dimensions (perfectionistic strivings and concerns) and functional and dysfunctional psychobiosocial states. The hypothesised mediational role of competitive appraisals was also tested. Participants (N = 271, 138 femal…

suorituskykychallenge appraisalsitseluottamustoimintahäiriötthreat appraisalsperfektionismiPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationpsykobiososiaalinen tilahuolestuneisuusGeneral Medicinestructural equation modellingpsychobiosocial states scaletavoitteettunteetMuSt theoryOrthopedics and Sports MedicineurheilijatEuropean journal of sport science
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Copper-hydride nanoclusters with enhanced stability by N-heterocyclic carbenes

2021

AbstractCopper-hydrides have been intensively studied for a long time due to their utilization in a variety of technologically important chemical transformations. Nevertheless, poor stability of the species severely hinders its isolation, storage and operation, which is worse for nano-sized ones. We report here an unprecedented strategy to access to ultrastable copper-hydride nanoclusters (NCs), namely, using bidentate N-heterocyclic carbenes as stabilizing ligands in addition to thiolates. In this work, a simple synthetic protocol was developed to synthesize the first large copper-hydride nanoclusters (NCs) stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The NC, with the formula of Cu31(RS)2…

superatomMaterials scienceSuperatomkuparistabilityCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFourier transform ion cyclotron resonancecopper-hydrideNanoclustersN-heterocylic carbeneCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundklusteritUltraviolet visible spectroscopymetal clusterschemistryCluster (physics)Copper hydrideGeneral Materials ScienceThermal stabilityDensity functional theorynanohiukkasetElectrical and Electronic Engineering
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Thiol-Stabilized Atomically Precise, Superatomic Silver Nanoparticles for Catalyzing Cycloisomerization of Alkynyl Amines

2018

Abstract Both the electronic and surface structures of metal nanomaterials play critical roles in determining their chemical properties. However, the non-molecular nature of conventional nanoparticles makes it extremely challenging to understand the molecular mechanism behind many of their unique electronic and surface properties. In this work, we report the synthesis, molecular and electronic structures of an atomically precise nanoparticle, [Ag206L72]q (L = thiolate, halide; q = charge). With a four-shell Ag7@Ag32@Ag77@Ag90 Ino-decahedral structure having a nearly perfect D5h symmetry, the metal core of the nanoparticle is co-stabilized by 68 thiolate and 4 halide ligands. Both electroche…

superatomMaterials sciencemetal nanoclustersatomically precise nanoparticlesNanoparticle02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesSilver nanoparticleNanomaterialsCycloisomerizationjalometallitReactivity (chemistry)ta116PlasmonMultidisciplinaryta114Superatom021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologynanocatalysisnobel metal0104 chemical sciencesDensity functional theorynanohiukkaset0210 nano-technologyNational Science Review
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Electronic shell structures in bare and protected metal nanoclusters

2016

This short review discusses the concept of the electronic shell structure in the context of metal nanoclusters. Electronic shell structure is a natural consequence of quantization of fermionic states in a quantum confinement, where the symmetry of the confining potential creates energetically close-lying sets of states that reflect the symmetry of the potential. It was introduced in cluster physics in early 1980s and initially influenced greatly by the related model of nuclear shell structure from 1950’s. Three application areas are discussed consisting of free gas phase clusters, clusters supported by insulating oxides or oxide thin films, and clusters that are synthesized by wet chemistry…

superatomligand-stabilized nanoclusterNuclear TheoryShell (structure)General Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologynanoclusterengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNanoclustersMetalQuantization (physics)Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersnoble metalta116ta114simple metal010405 organic chemistryChemistrySuperatom0104 chemical sciencesChemical physicsmagic numbersvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumengineeringNoble metalAdvances in Physics: X
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Rotational properties of nuclei around 254 No investigated using a spectroscopic-quality Skyrme energy density functional

2014

Abstract. Background: Nuclei in the Z≈100 mass region represent the heaviest systems where detailed spectroscopic information is experimentally available. Although microscopic-macroscopic and self-consistent models have achieved great success in describing the data in this mass region, a fully satisfying precise theoretical description is still missing. Purpose: By using fine-tuned parametrizations of the energy density functionals, the present work aims at an improved description of the single-particle properties and rotational bands in the nobelium region. Such locally optimized parametrizations may have better properties when extrapolating towards the superheavy region. Methods: Skyrme H…

superheavy elementsisotoopitmean-fieldNuclear Theoryfission
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Supernova-neutrino induced reactions on molybdenum via neutral-currents

2012

In this thesis which consists of an introductory part and six publications the neutralcurrent neutrino-nucleus scatterings o the stable molybdenum nuclei are studied using microscopic nuclear models. The main focus is on supernova neutrinos and the nuclear responses to them for the aforementioned nuclei are computed by folding the computed cross sections with realistic neutrino-energy spectra. In this work both the coherent and incoherent contributions to the cross sections are considered. The contributions from the prominent multipole channels to the incoherent cross sections are also discussed in great detail.

supernovatNuclear TheoryneutriinotfysiikkaNuclear Experimentsupernova neutrinos
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Shell-model study on event rates of lightest supersymmetric particles scattering off 83Kr and 125Te

2016

We investigate the elastic and inelastic scattering of lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) dark matter off two possible target nuclei, 83Kr and 125Te. For the nuclear-structure calculations, we employ the nuclear shell model using recently generated realistic interactions. We have condensed the nuclear-physics contribution to a set of nuclear-structure factors that are independent of the adopted supersymmetric (SUSY) model. Total event rates are then easily calculated by combining the nuclear-structure factors with SUSY parameters of choice. In particular, 125Te shows promise as a detector material with both the elastic and inelastic channels yielding an appreciable nuclear response. pee…

supersymmetric particlesHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear Theoryshell-model studiesnuclear-physicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment
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Global analysis of the pMSSM in light of the Fermi GeV excess: prospects for the LHC Run-II and astroparticle experiments

2016

We present a new global fit of the 19-dimensional phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (pMSSM-19) that comply with all the latest experimental results from dark matter indirect, direct and accelerator dark matter searches. We show that the model provides a satisfactory explanation of the excess of gamma-rays from the Galactic centre observed by the Fermi~Large Area Telescope, assuming that it is produced by the annihilation of neutralinos in the Milky Way halo. We identify two regions that pass all the constraints: the first corresponds to neutralinos with a mass ~80-100 GeV annihilating into WW with a branching ratio of 95% ; the second to heavier neutralinos, with mass ~…

supersymmetry and cosmologyParticle physicsMilky WayAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark matterFOS: Physical sciencesgamma ray experiments7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0202 Atomic Molecular Nuclear Particle And Plasma PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics010306 general physicsGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)PhysicsAnnihilationLarge Hadron Colliderdark matter detectorsdark matter theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyhep-phAstronomy and AstrophysicsNuclear & Particles Physics0201 Astronomical And Space SciencesHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology13. Climate actionExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentHaloFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeMinimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
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About the reinterpretation of the Ghosh model as a price model

2001

The Ghosh model assumes that, in an input-output framework, each commodity is sold to each sector in fixed proportions. This model is strongly criticized because it seems implausible in the traditional input-output field. To answer to these critics, Dietzenbacher stresses that it can be reinterpreted as a price model: the Leontief price model is equivalent to the Ghosh model when this one is interpreted as a price model. This paper shows that the interpretation of the Ghosh model as a price model cannot be accepted because Dietzenbacher makes a strong assumption, dichotomy, while the Ghosh model does not determine prices...

supplyinput-outputéconomieeconomic theoryjel:C67demandeconomics[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financejel:D46jel:D57gestion[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesmanagement economics[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financemanagement
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Self-consistent calculation of the flux-flow conductivity in diffusive superconductors

2017

In the framework of Keldysh-Usadel kinetic theory, we study the temperature dependence of flux-flow conductivity (FFC) in diffusive superconductors. By using self-consistent vortex solutions we find the exact values of dimensionless parameters that determine the diffusion-controlled FFC both in the limit of the low temperatures and close to the critical one. Taking into account the electron-phonon scattering, we study the transition between flux-flow regimes controlled by either the diffusion or the inelastic relaxation of nonequilibrium quasiparticles. We demonstrate that the inelastic electron-phonon relaxation leads to the strong suppression of FFC compared to the previous estimates, mak…

suprajohtavuusCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityKeldysh-Usadel kinetic theoryconductivit
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