Search results for "Theory"

showing 10 items of 24627 documents

A Novel Tsetlin Automata Scheme to Forecast Dengue Outbreaks in the Philippines

2018

Being capable of online learning in unknown stochastic environments, Tsetlin Automata (TA) have gained considerable interest. As a model of biological systems, teams of TA have been used for solving complex problems in a decentralized manner, with low computational complexity. For many domains, decentralized problem solving is an advantage, however, also may lead to coordination difficulties and unstable learning. To combat this negative effect, this paper proposes a novel TA coordination scheme designed for learning problems with continuous input and output. By saving and updating the best solution that has been chosen so far, we can avoid having the overall system being led astray by spur…

0301 basic medicineScheme (programming language)Computational complexity theoryLearning automatabusiness.industryComputer scienceStochastic process030231 tropical medicineFunction (mathematics)Machine learningcomputer.software_genre030112 virologyAutomaton03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputercomputer.programming_language2018 IEEE 30th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)
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Filosofía, ciencia y biología sintética

2016

En este artículo se defiende la necesidad de que el actor de la ciencia, el científico, disponga de suficiente formación filosófica como para analizar críticamente el alcance de su propia actividad especializada, análisis que debiera empezar por entender qué es eso a lo que llamamos ciencia. Se ejemplifica la necesidad de tal formación recurriendo a la biología sintética. Se muestran los peligros que se corren de la derivación hacia campos no científicos si el científico está imbuido de una ciencia fáustica orientada a la obtención del producto –el ente biológico sintético– disminuyendo veladamente el interés por estudiar el mismo desde la óptica de la ciencia prometeica, aquella que se apr…

0301 basic medicineScope (project management)Perspective (graphical)Biological entityB1-5802educación filosóficareproducción biológicaherenciamuerte de la filosofíaEpistemologyciencia prometeica03 medical and health sciencesPhilosophy030104 developmental biologyciencia fáusticaProduct (category theory)SociologyPhilosophy (General)Social scienceIsegoría
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Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Parasomnias and Migraine: A Role of Orexinergic Projections

2018

Introduction: Sleep and migraine share a common pathophysiological substrate, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The serotonergic and orexinergic systems are both involved in the regulation of sleep/wake cycle, and numerous studies show that both are involved in the migraine etiopathogenesis. These two systems are anatomically and functionally interconnected. Our hypothesis is that in migraine a dysfunction of orexinergic projections on the median raphe (MR) nuclei, interfering with serotonergic regulation, may cause Non-Rapid Eye Movement parasomnias, such as somnambulism. Hypothesis/theory: Acting on the serotonergic neurons of the raphe nuclei, the dysfunction of orexinergic…

0301 basic medicineSerotonergic systemMigraine; Orexinergic system; Pro-inflammatory peptides; Serotonergic system; Sleep-wake rhythm; Neurology; Neurology (clinical)Substance PCalcitonin gene-related peptidePro-inflammatory peptideSerotonergicNon-rapid eye movement sleeplcsh:RC346-429sleep–wake rhythmMigraine; Orexinergic system; Pro-inflammatory peptides; Serotonergic system; Sleep-wake rhythm;Settore M-PSI/04 - Psicologia Dello Sviluppo E Psicologia Dell'Educazione03 medical and health sciencesTrigeminal ganglionchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePro-inflammatory peptidesSleep-wake rhythmHypothesis and TheoryMedicinelcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemMigraineMigraine; Orexinergic system; Pro-inflammatory peptides; Serotonergic system; Sleep-wake rhythmbusiness.industryOrexinergic systemserotonergic system orexinergic system sleep–wake rhythm migraine pro-inflammatory peptidesSettore MED/39 - Neuropsichiatria InfantileOrexin030104 developmental biologyNeurologychemistryNeurology (clinical)SerotoninbusinessRaphe nucleiNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neurology
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Erratum

2016

Author(s): Klionsky, DJ; Abdelmohsen, K; Abe, A; Abedin, MJ; Abeliovich, H; Arozena, AA; Adachi, H; Adams, CM; Adams, PD; Adeli, K; Adhihetty, PJ; Adler, SG; Agam, G; Agarwal, R; Aghi, MK; Agnello, M; Agostinis, P; Aguilar, PV; Aguirre-Ghiso, J; Airoldi, EM; Ait-Si-Ali, S; Akematsu, T; Akporiaye, ET; Al-Rubeai, M; Albaiceta, GM; Albanese, C; Albani, D; Albert, ML; Aldudo, J; Algul, H; Alirezaei, M; Alloza, I; Almasan, A; Almonte-Beceril, M; Alnemri, ES; Alonso, C; Altan-Bonnet, N; Altieri, DC; Alvarez, S; Alvarez-Erviti, L; Alves, S; Amadoro, G; Amano, A; Amantini, C; Ambrosio, S; Amelio, I; Amer, AO; Amessou, M; Amon, A; An, Z; Anania, FA; Andersen, SU; Andley, UP; Andreadi, CK; Andrieu-Ab…

0301 basic medicineSettore BIO/06biologyCell Biology[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biologybiology.organism_classificationCell biologyInterpretation (model theory)03 medical and health sciencesArama030104 developmental biologyMolecular BiologyHumanitiesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Uhlmann number in translational invariant systems

2019

We define the Uhlmann number as an extension of the Chern number, and we use this quantity to describe the topology of 2D translational invariant Fermionic systems at finite temperature. We consider two paradigmatic systems and we study the changes in their topology through the Uhlmann number. Through the linear response theory we linked two geometrical quantities of the system, the mean Uhlmann curvature and the Uhlmann number, to directly measurable physical quantities, i.e. the dynamical susceptibility and to the dynamical conductivity, respectively.

0301 basic medicineSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciMathematics::Analysis of PDEsFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:MedicineCurvatureArticleCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineTopological insulatorsInvariant (mathematics)lcsh:ScienceCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematicsMathematical physicsPhysical quantityQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinaryChern classStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)lcsh:RUhlmann number Chern number 2D topological Fermionic systems finite temperature dynamical susceptibility dynamical conductivity030104 developmental biologylcsh:QQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Theoretical physicsLinear response theory030217 neurology & neurosurgeryScientific Reports
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Block Sorting-Based Transformations on Words: Beyond the Magic BWT

2018

The Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) is a word transformation introduced in 1994 for Data Compression and later results have contributed to make it a fundamental tool for the design of self-indexing compressed data structures. The Alternating Burrows-Wheeler Transform (ABWT) is a more recent transformation, studied in the context of Combinatorics on Words, that works in a similar way, using an alternating lexicographical order instead of the usual one. In this paper we study a more general class of block sorting-based transformations. The transformations in this new class prove to be interesting combinatorial tools that offer new research perspectives. In particular, we show that all the tra…

0301 basic medicineSettore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer scienceData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY0102 computer and information sciencesBlock sortingData structureLexicographical order01 natural sciencesUpper and lower bounds03 medical and health sciencesCombinatorics on words030104 developmental biology010201 computation theory & mathematicsArithmeticCompressed Data Structures Block Sorting Combinatorics on Words AlgorithmsData compression
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Analyzing the feasibility of time correlated spectral entropy for the assessment of neuronal synchrony

2016

In this paper, we study neuronal network analysis based on microelectrode measurements. We search for potential relations between time correlated changes in spectral distributions and synchrony for neuronal network activity. Spectral distribution is quantified by spectral entropy as a measure of uniformity/complexity and this measure is calculated as a function of time for the recorded neuronal signals, i.e., time variant spectral entropy. Time variant correlations in the spectral distributions between different parts of a neuronal network, i.e., of concurrent measurements via different microelectrodes, are calculated to express the relation with a single scalar. We demonstrate these relati…

0301 basic medicineSpectral power distributionhippocampusta3112Correlation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStatisticsBiological neural networkAnimalsEntropy (information theory)Neuronal synchronyAnalysis methodMathematicsta217Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognitionta213Spectral entropybiological neural networkselectrodesrats030104 developmental biologycorrelationBiological systementropyprobesMicroelectrodes030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Assessing statistical significance in multivariable genome wide association analysis

2016

Motivation: Although Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) genotype a very large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the data are often analyzed one SNP at a time. The low predictive power of single SNPs, coupled with the high significance threshold needed to correct for multiple testing, greatly decreases the power of GWAS. Results: We propose a procedure in which all the SNPs are analyzed in a multiple generalized linear model, and we show its use for extremely high-dimensional datasets. Our method yields P-values for assessing significance of single SNPs or groups of SNPs while controlling for all other SNPs and the family wise error rate (FWER). Thus, our method tests whe…

0301 basic medicineStatistics and Probability1303 BiochemistryGenotypeOperations researchLibrary sciencePolymorphism Single NucleotideBiochemistryGerman03 medical and health sciences10007 Department of EconomicsPolitical scienceGenome-Wide Association Analysis1312 Molecular Biology1706 Computer Science ApplicationsCluster AnalysisHumansComputer Simulation2613 Statistics and ProbabilityMolecular BiologyEuropean researchGenetics and Population AnalysisComputational BiologyReproducibility of ResultsOriginal Paperslanguage.human_languageComputer Science Applications330 EconomicsComputational MathematicsPhenotype030104 developmental biologyComputational Theory and MathematicsLinear Modelslanguage2605 Computational MathematicsGenome-Wide Association Study1703 Computational Theory and Mathematics
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Stagewise pseudo-value regression for time-varying effects on the cumulative incidence

2015

In a competing risks setting, the cumulative incidence of an event of interest describes the absolute risk for this event as a function of time. For regression analysis, one can either choose to model all competing events by separate cause-specific hazard models or directly model the association between covariates and the cumulative incidence of one of the events. With a suitable link function, direct regression models allow for a straightforward interpretation of covariate effects on the cumulative incidence. In practice, where data can be right-censored, these regression models are implemented using a pseudo-value approach. For a grid of time points, the possibly unobserved binary event s…

0301 basic medicineStatistics and ProbabilityCarcinoma HepatocellularTime FactorsEpidemiologyComputer scienceFeature selectionBiostatistics01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesRisk FactorsStatisticsCovariateEconometricsHumansComputer SimulationCumulative incidenceRegistries0101 mathematicsEvent (probability theory)Models StatisticalIncidenceLiver NeoplasmsAbsolute risk reductionRegression analysisRegression030104 developmental biologyRegression AnalysisJackknife resamplingAlgorithmsStatistics in Medicine
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SpaceScanner: COPASI wrapper for automated management of global stochastic optimization experiments

2017

Abstract Motivation Due to their universal applicability, global stochastic optimization methods are popular for designing improvements of biochemical networks. The drawbacks of global stochastic optimization methods are: (i) no guarantee of finding global optima, (ii) no clear optimization run termination criteria and (iii) no criteria to detect stagnation of an optimization run. The impact of these drawbacks can be partly compensated by manual work that becomes inefficient when the solution space is large due to combinatorial explosion of adjustable parameters or for other reasons. Results SpaceScanner uses parallel optimization runs for automatic termination of optimization tasks in case…

0301 basic medicineStatistics and ProbabilityComputer science0206 medical engineeringComputational Biology02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genreModels BiologicalBiochemistryComputer Science ApplicationsSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciencesComputational Mathematics030104 developmental biologyComputational Theory and MathematicsStochastic optimizationData miningMolecular BiologycomputerSoftware020602 bioinformaticsCombinatorial explosionBioinformatics
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