Search results for "Therapeutics"
showing 10 items of 489 documents
Directed evolution of a Mycobacteriophage
2019
This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteriophages: Alternatives to Antibiotics and Beyond.
Approaching Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Non-Coding RNA Research
2020
International audience; Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the biggest cause of sickness and mortality worldwide in both males and females. Clinical statistics demonstrate clear sex differences in risk, prevalence, mortality rates, and response to treatment for different entities of CVD. The reason for this remains poorly understood. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as key mediators and biomarkers of CVD. Similarly, current knowledge on differential regulation, expression, and pathology-associated function of ncRNAs between sexes is minimal. Here, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of what is known on sex differences in ncRNA research in CVD as well as discussing the contributing biol…
Necrostatin-1 Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Through Suppression of Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress and Retains Klotho Expression
2018
Aim: Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug, but the application in clinical is greatly limited by its nephrotoxicity. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), an inhibitor of RIP1 kinase, has been reported to inhibit RIP-mediated necroptosis. The aim of this study is to detect the protective effects of Nec-1 on the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin and to investigate its renoprotection mechanism.Methods: 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into four groups: Control, Nec-1, Cisplatin, and Cisplatin+Nec-1. Mice were treated with cisplatin with or without Nec-1 pre-treatment. Renal function, histological changes, necroptosis, and apoptotic markers were investigated. NFκB pathway related prot…
Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 gene expression is associated with gemcitabine efficacy in advanced leiomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma
2017
Background: The expression of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1), the major gemcitabine transporter into cells, has been thoroughly investigated as a predictive marker of response to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer and biliary tract cancers. Since gemcitabine is widely used in the treatment of leiomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma, we investigated the correlation between hENT1 expression and gemcitabine efficacy in these sarcoma subtypes.Methods: We retrospectively identified 71 patients affected by advanced angiosarcoma (26) or leiomyosarcoma (45) treated within five Italian referral centres for sarcoma; among them, 49 patients (15 angiosarcoma, 34 leiomyosarcoma) were treated…
Is Danggui Safe to be Taken by Breast Cancer Patients?-A Skepticism Finally Answered by Comprehensive Preclinical Evidence.
2019
Angelica sinensis (AS, Danggui) has long been regarded to stimulate breast cancer growth; hence, the use of AS in breast cancer patients remains a major concern for both patients and practitioners. Since safety studies of herbs would be unethical to carry out in patients, the present study aimed to investigate the potential unsafe effects of AS in a systematic pre-clinical approach. Human breast cancer cells, breast orthotopic tumor-bearing mouse models, as well as primary breast cancer cells from patients’ tumors were used to evaluate the effect of AS hot water extract on the progression of breast tumors and/or growth of breast cancer cells. We showed that AS is not that stimulatory in bre…
Impact of ultrasound extraction parameters on the antioxidant properties of Moringa oleifera leaves
2020
Recently, much interest has been focused on Moringa oleifera L., a highly versatile and sustainable plant. In addition to its nutritional properties, numerous bioactive compounds have been identified in M. oleifera leaves, for which healthy properties have been reported. In the present research, the impact of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on the recovery of the bioactive compounds from leaves was investigated. Firstly, an experimental design approach has been used to highlight the influence of some extraction parameters (solvent, solvent/dry leaves ratio, temperature, time) on phenol compound recovery and antioxidant activity. Solvent composition was the most influential factor
The Pharmacology of Visual Hallucinations in Synucleinopathies
2019
Visual hallucinations (VH) are commonly found in the course of synucleinopathies like Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. The incidence of VH in these conditions is so high that the absence of VH in the course of the disease should raise questions about the diagnosis. VH may take the form of early and simple phenomena or appear with late and complex presentations that include hallucinatory production and delusions. VH are an unmet treatment need. The review analyzes the past and recent hypotheses that are related to the underlying mechanisms of VH and then discusses their pharmacological modulation. Recent models for VH have been centered on the role played by the decoupling …
Target Identification of Active Constituents of Shen Qi Wan to Treat Kidney Yang Deficiency Using Computational Target Fishing and Network Pharmacolo…
2019
Background: Kidney yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS) is one of the most common syndromes treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) among elderly patients. Shen Qi Wan (SQW) has been effectively used in treating various diseases associated with KYDS for hundreds of years. However, due to the complex composition of SQW, the mechanism of action remains unknown. Purpose: To identify the mechanism of the SQW in the treatment of KYDS and determine the molecular targets of SQW. Methods: The potential targets of active ingredients in SQW were predicted using PharmMapper. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out using the …
Considerations for an In Vitro, Cell-Based Testing Platform for Detection of Drug-Induced Inotropic Effects in Early Drug Development. Part 2: Design…
2019
Contractility of the myocardium engines the pumping function of the heart and is enabled by the collective contractile activity of its muscle cells: cardiomyocytes. The effects of drugs on the contractility of human cardiomyocytes in vitro can provide mechanistic insight that can support the prediction of clinical cardiac drug effects early in drug development. Cardiomyocytes differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells have high potential for overcoming the current limitations of contractility assays because they attach easily to extracellular materials and last long in culture, while having human- and patient-specific properties. Under these conditions, contractility measureme…