Search results for "Thermal Conductivity"

showing 10 items of 160 documents

Thermal characteristics of silicon nitride membranes at sub-Kelvin temperatures

1998

We have performed calorimetric measurements on 200 nm thin silicon nitride membranes at temperatures from 0.07 to 1 K. Besides full windows, membranes cut into a thermally isolating suspended bridge geometry were investigated. Based on dc and ac measurements employing normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions both as a thermometer and a heater, we report on heat transport and thermal relaxation in silicon nitride films. The bridge structure improves thermal isolation and, consequently, energy sensitivity by two orders of magnitude over those of the full membrane with the same size, and makes such a structure very attractive for bolometric and microrefrigeration applicatio…

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryBolometerAnalytical chemistryInsulator (electricity)Cryogenicslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundMembraneThermal conductivitySilicon nitridechemistrylawOptoelectronicsThermal stabilitybusinessOrder of magnitudeApplied Physics Letters
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Enhanced thermoelectric properties of the n-type Magnéli phase WO2.90: reduced thermal conductivity through microstructure engineering

2014

The thermoelectric properties of the Magneli phase WO2.90 were investigated, with special attention to how the thermoelectric performance can be altered by changing its microstructure. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) allowed the direct preparation of large amounts of consolidated material. Adding Ta2O5 to the reaction mixture lead to the formation of solid solutions W1−xTaxO2.90via a concurrent reaction between WO3 and Ta2O5 during the SPS treatment. In addition, micron-sized inclusions containing tungsten surrounded by WOx embedded in a WO2.90 matrix were formed, which act as additional scattering centers. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the Ta-containing samples was reduced by ≈30% …

Materials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentMetallurgySpark plasma sinteringchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryTungstenThermoelectric materialsMicrostructureThermal conductivityChemical engineeringchemistryPhase (matter)Thermoelectric effectGeneral Materials ScienceSolid solutionJ. Mater. Chem. A
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Multi-temperature synchrotron PXRD and physical properties study of half-Heusler TiCoSb.

2010

Phase pure samples of the half-Heusler material TiCoSb were synthesised and investigated. Multi-temperature synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data measured between 90 and 1000 K in atmospheric air confirm the phase purity, but they also reveal a decomposition reaction starting at around 750 K. This affects the high temperature properties since TiCoSb is semiconducting, whereas CoSb is metallic. Between 90 K and 300 K the linear thermal expansion coefficient is estimated to be 10.5 × 10(-6) K(-1), while it is 8.49 10(-6) K(-1) between 550 K and 1000 K. A fit of a Debye model to the Atomic Displacement Parameters obtained from Rietveld refinement of the PXRD data gives a Debye tempe…

Materials scienceRietveld refinementAnalytical chemistryHeat capacityThermal expansionInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeCrystallographyThermal conductivityElectrical resistivity and conductivitySeebeck coefficientsymbolsDebye modelPowder diffractionDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
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Cellulose-inorganic hybrids of strongly reduced thermal conductivity

2022

Abstract The employment of atomic layer deposition and spin coating techniques for preparing inorganic-organic hybrid multilayer structures of alternating ZnO-CNC layers was explored in this study. Helium ion microscopy and X-ray reflectivity showed the superlattice formation for the nanolaminate structures and atomic force microscopy established the efficient control of the CNCs surface coverage on the Al-doped ΖnO by manipulating the concentration of the spin coating solution. Thickness characterization of the hybrid structures was performed via both ellipsometry and X-ray reflectivity and the thermal conductivity was examined by time domain thermoreflectance technique. It appears that ev…

Materials scienceSURFACEPolymers and Plastics116 Chemical sciencesHybridsFILMSchemistry.chemical_compoundThermal conductivitysinkkioksidiZinc oxideCelluloseZINC-OXIDElämmöneristysHybridCellulose nanocrystalsAluminum dopingatomikerroskasvatusDEGRADATIONNANOCOMPOSITESNANOCRYSTALSYIELDChemical engineeringchemistryThermal conductivitylämmön johtuminenNANOCELLULOSEnanoselluloosaohutkalvotCellulose
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Ab initio studies on the lattice thermal conductivity of silicon clathrate frameworks II and VIII

2016

The lattice thermal conductivities of silicon clathrate frameworks II and VIII are investigated by using ab initio lattice dynamics and iterative solution of the linearized Boltzmann transport equation(BTE) for phonons. Within the temperature range 100-350 K, the clathrate structures II and VIII were found to have lower lattice thermal conductivity values than silicon diamond structure (d-Si) by factors of 1/2 and 1/5, respectively. The main reason for the lower lattice thermal conductivity of the clathrate structure II in comparison to d-Si was found to be the harmonic phonon spectra, while in the case of the clathrate structure VIII, the difference is mainly due to the harmonic phonon spe…

Materials scienceSiliconPhononClathrate hydrateAb initioSOLIDSchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSEMICONDUCTORSLOW TEMPERATURESCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesilicon clathrate frameworks0103 physical sciencesEQUATIONDiamond cubicSIPHONON DISPERSIONS010306 general physicsta116Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsta114CRYSTALAnharmonicitylattice thermal conductivityMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Atmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBoltzmann equationGENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATIONMODELchemistry0210 nano-technology
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Electron-phonon heat transport and electronic thermal conductivity in heavily doped silicon-on-insulator film

2003

Electron–phonon interaction and electronic thermal conductivity have been investigated in heavily doped silicon at subKelvin temperatures. The heat flow between electron and phonon systems is found to be proportional to T6. Utilization of a superconductor–semiconductor–superconductor thermometer enables a precise measurement of electron and substrate temperatures. The electronic thermal conductivity is consistent with the Wiedemann–Franz law. Peer reviewed

Materials scienceSiliconPhononphononsGeneral Physics and AstronomySilicon on insulatorchemistry.chemical_elementSubstrate (electronics)dopingsuperconductorsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceThermal conductivityCondensed Matter::Superconductivitythermal conductivitySOICondensed matter physicsPhysicsDopingelectronsThermal conductionCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectWiedemann-Franz lawsilicon-on-insulatorchemistryelectron-phonon interactionssilicon dopingelemental semiconductorsWiedemann–Franz lawheat transportheavily doped semiconductors
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SiC-based sandwich material for Flow Channel Inserts in DCLL blankets: Manufacturing, characterization, corrosion tests

2017

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.

Materials scienceSintering02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialBlanket7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasCorrosionFlexural strengthThermal conductivityFlexural strengthCoatingThermal insulationCorrosion by PbLi0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials ScienceComposite materialCivil and Structural Engineeringbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringFCI021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructurePorous SiCCVD-SiC coatingDCLL blanketNuclear Energy and EngineeringThermal conductivityengineering0210 nano-technologybusinessFusion Engineering and Design
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Heat transport of helium II in restricted geometries

1979

The linear heat transport of helium II contained in porous powder samples with mean pore diameters of 1.25µm, 0.17µm and 0.02µm was systematically studied in the temperature range between 0.8 K and 2 K. The effective thermal conductivity was determined by steady-state heat flow measurements and the effective thermal diffusivity by transitory temperature measurements. The experimental results are interpreted by a simple theoretical model. In the framework of this model the linear heat transport consists of two contributions: the laminar flow of the normal fluid (T≳1.4 K) and a diffusion mechanism (T≲1.4 K). At low temperatures (T≲1.2 K) the mean free paths of the elementary excitations of he…

Materials scienceThermal conductivityThermal resistanceHeat transferThermodynamicsRate of heat flowLaminar flowHeat transfer coefficientCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionThermal diffusivityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsZeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter and Quanta
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Temperature Measurements as a Method for Monitoring Ropes

2020

Due to an increasing demand for operation at sea depths as low as 3000 m and under, the use of fibre ropes for offshore application in deep sea lifting and mooring is increasing. Consequently, improved knowledge is required regarding these ropes’ thermo-mechanical properties and how these properties change as the rope is being used. This paper presents a 2D model of heat transport in the axial and radial directions along a 28 mm diameter fibre rope typically used for offshore applications. The model is combined with temperature measurements during heating and cooling of the rope, using both thermocouples and a thermal camera. Measurements are performed both on a new rope and on a used that …

Materials scienceThermal conductivityThermocouplePhysics::Space PhysicsThermalAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSubmarine pipelineBendingMooringQuantitative Biology::OtherTemperature measurementRopeMarine engineering
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First-principles study of elastic and thermal properties of scheelite-type molybdates and tungstates

2020

Abstract First-principles calculations are carried out to study the physical properties of scheelite-type AMoO4 molybdates and AWO4 tungstates (A = Ca, Sr, Ba, and Pb). We consider two flavors for the exchange-correlation functional, the local-density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The second-order elastic constants were determined, and we found that c11 is larger than c33 for the eight investigated compounds. This fact is consistent with the well-known anisotropic compressibility of scheelite-type molybdates and tungstates. The calculated elastic constants are used to determine macroscopic properties which are relevant for applications, such as the bu…

Materials scienceThermodynamicsYoung's modulus02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPoisson's ratio0104 chemical sciencessymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundThermal conductivitychemistryMechanics of MaterialsScheeliteVickers hardness testMaterials ChemistrysymbolsCompressibilityGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyDebye modelMaterials Today Communications
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