Search results for "Thermal"
showing 10 items of 3576 documents
Emissivity mapping over urban areas using a classification-based approach: Application to the Dual-use European Security IR Experiment (DESIREX)
2012
Abstract In this work a methodology to provide an emissivity map of an urban area is presented. The methodology is applied to the city of Madrid (Spain) using data provided by the Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner (AHS) in 2008. From the data a classification map with twelve different urban materials was created. Each material was then characterized by a different emissivity, whose values were obtained from the application of the TES algorithm to in situ measurements and values extracted from the ASTER spectral library. This new emissivity map could be used as a basis for determining the temperature of the city and to understand the urban heat island effect in terms of spatial distribution and…
Carbon dioxide degassing from Tuscany and Northern Latium (Italy)
2008
Abstract The CO 2 degassing process from a large area on the Tyrrhenian side of central Italy, probably related to the input into the upper crust of mantle fluids, was investigated in detail through the geochemical study of gas emissions and groundwater. Mass-balance calculations and carbon isotopes show that over 50% of the inorganic carbon in regional groundwater is derived from a deep source highlighting gas−liquid separation processes at depth. The deep carbonate−evaporite regional aquifer acts as the main CO 2 reservoir and when total pressure of the reservoir fluid exceeds hydrostatic pressure, a free gas phase separates from the parent liquid and escapes toward the surface generating…
Constraints on the Cretaceous thermal event in the Transantarctic Mountains from alteration processes in Ferrar flood basalts
1999
Abstract K–Ar and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar incremental-heating analyses on apophyllite formed during hydrothermal alteration of volcanic rocks from the Ferrar Supergroup in North Victoria Land, Antarctica, provide strong evidence for hydrothermal events during mid-Cretaceous time. A last event has been dated at 96.7±0.6 Ma. Variable older ages between 112 and 125 Ma are interpreted as mixed ages of hydrothermal events or may be caused by disturbances of the Ar–Ar system. The Rb–Sr isotope system of the apophyllites is not applicable to dating because a large portion of the Sr is radiogenic and because of Rb-mobility in the crystal structure. Secondary mineralogy suggests a temperature for alteration be…
Solar heating and cooling systems versus conventional systems assisted by photovoltaic: Application of a simplified LCA tool
2016
Abstract Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an effective methodology to assess the energy and environmental impacts of energy systems during their life cycle, including manufacturing, operation and end-of-life. The aim of the paper is the application of a simplified LCA tool, developed in the framework of the International Energy Agency Solar Heating and Cooling Task 48, for comparing different typologies of solar assisted heating and cooling systems. In detail, solar thermal heating and cooling systems located in Palermo (southern Italy) and in Zurich (Switzerland) were compared with conventional systems assisted by grid connected and stand-alone photovoltaic plants. A validation of the tool w…
Assessment of temperature effects on beta-aggregation of native and glycated albumin by FTIR spectroscopy and PAGE: relations between structural chan…
2007
Abstract Structural modifications of bovine serum albumin (BSA) induced by heating, and the involvement of glycation of albumin in such processing were studied by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). For native BSA, heating treatments gave rise to β structures which were amplified to the detriment of α-helix form, and which were associated with increased aggregation. A very high correlation was obtained between FTIR Amide I band evolution and aggregation rate parameters, showing the contribution of β-form in aggregates formation. We further assessed the effect of glycation on protein sensibility to heating treatments. A reductio…
Microscale Marangoni actuation: All-optical and all-electrical methods
2006
We present experimental results from an all-optical microfluidic platform that may be complimented by a thin film all-electrical network. Using these configurations we have studied the microfluidic convective flow systems of silicone oil, glycerol, and 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene on open surfaces through the production of surface tension gradients derived from thermal gradients. We show that sufficient localized thermal variation can be created utilizing surface plasmons and/or engaging individually addressable resistive thermal elements. Both studies manipulate fluids via Marangoni forces, each having their unique exploitable advantages. Surface plasmon excitation in metal foils are the driving …
119Sn mössbauer, IR, 1H NMR spectroscopic and thermal decomposition studies on organotin(IV) adducts with glycylglycine
1985
Abstract The complexes R2SnCl2·(H2glygly), (H2glygly = glycylglycine) (R = Me, Bun, Octn, Ph) and RSnCl3·(H2glygly)
Influence of metal–support interaction on the surface structure of gold nanoclusters deposited on native SiOx/Si substrates
2014
The structure of small gold nanoclusters (R ~ 2.5 nm) deposited on different silica on silicon substrates is investigated using several characterization techniques (AFM, XRD, EXAFS and GISAXS). The grain morphology and the surface roughness of the deposited gold clusters are determined by AFM. The in-plane GISAXS intensity is modelled in order to obtain information about the cluster size and the characteristic length scale of the surface roughness. AFM and GISAXS results are in excellent agreement and show that the surface morphology of the deposited clusters depends on whether defect-rich (native) or defect-free (thermal) silica is used as a substrate. Gold clusters show a strong tendency …
The importance of iron speciation (Fe+2 /Fe+3 ) in determining mineral assemblages: an example from the high-grade aluminous metapelites of southeast…
2012
Metapelitic granulites from the Anosyen domain of southeastern Madagascar are exposed in three intercalated formations: the Amparihy, Bakika and Ihosy formations. Although mineralogically distinct from each other, the rocks from these formations show very similar bulk-rock compositions when measured on a FeT basis. The preserved mineral assemblages thus do not reflect differences in the ratios of the main rock-forming oxides (i.e. Al2O3:FeT:MgO), but instead reflect variations in the pre-metamorphic oxidation state of the protolith rocks. These differences in oxidation state are manifested via differences in iron speciation – either Fe+2 or Fe+3. The relatively reduced rocks of the Amparihy…
Functionnalized magnetite nanoparticles for bimodal imaging MRI/PET
2015
Functionalized magnetite nanoparticles for bimodal MRI/PET imagingSuperParamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely studied in the biomedical field due to their promising application as nanodrugs and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) contrast agents (T2). In this study, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles have been developed for use as contrast agents for MRI/PET (Positron emission tomography) double imaging. First, functionalized stable superparamagnetic SPIONs have been synthesized in a continuous hydrothermal reactor. During the synthesis, hydrophilic agents (citric acid, LDOPA, DHCA and PHA) have been grafted on the surface of the nanoparticles. The functionalization of th…