Search results for "Thermal"

showing 10 items of 3576 documents

Stability of OBPs

2020

Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are small proteins, some of which bind odorants with high specificity. OBPs are relatively easy to produce and show a pronounced stability toward thermal and chemical denaturation. This high stability renders OBPs attractive candidates for the development of odorant detections systems. Unfortunately, binding of odorants is not easy to quantify due to lack of spectroscopic signals upon binding. Therefore, a possible approach to detect binding is to employ the shift in thermal or chemical stability upon ligand-protein interaction. Being a rather indirect approach, the experimental setup should be done with care. Here, the experimental results on stability of OB…

0303 health sciences03 medical and health sciencesOdorant bindingChemistry030303 biophysicsBiophysicsDenaturation (biochemistry)Chemical stabilityThermal stabilityStability (probability)
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Surviving the heat: heterogeneity of response inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeprovides insight into thermal damage to the membrane

2015

Environmental heat stress impacts on the physiology and viability of microbial cells with concomitant implications for microbial activity and diversity. Previously, it has been demonstrated that gradual heating of Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces a degree of thermal resistance, whereas a heat shock results in a high level of cell death. Here, we show that the impact of exogenous nutrients on acquisition of thermal resistance differs between strains. Using single-cell methods, we demonstrate the extent of heterogeneity of the heat-stress response within populations of yeast cells and the presence of subpopulations that are reversibly damaged by heat stress. Such cells represent potential for…

0303 health sciencesProgrammed cell deathmedicine.diagnostic_testbiology030306 microbiologyEcologyThermal resistanceCellSaccharomyces cerevisiaeHomeoviscous adaptationbiology.organism_classification7. Clean energyMicrobiologyYeastFlow cytometryCell biology03 medical and health sciencesmedicine.anatomical_structure13. Climate actionmedicineAdaptationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyEnvironmental Microbiology
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Heating glaciers from below

2013

Climate change is affecting the cryosphere from above. Geothermal heat flux from below is also contributing to conditions at the base of Greenland's ice sheet, which sits atop a lithosphere of variable thickness.

0303 health sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_category010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesGeothermal heatingEarth scienceFluxClimate changeGlacierGeophysics01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciences13. Climate actionLithosphereGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesCryosphereIce sheetSolid earthGeology030304 developmental biology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNature Geoscience
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Thermal response test analysis for U-pipe vertical borehole heat exchangers under groundwater flow conditions

2021

[EN] Conventional models used in the analysis of thermal response test data only consider conduction as heat transfer mechanism. In cases where presence of groundwater is detected, convection heat transmission plays an important role, so its influence must be determined in the calculation of the effective thermal conductivity, usually overestimated in these situations, increasing its value the higher the power injected and the time elapsed. In this work, based on the data collected in a borehole located at UPV (Valencia) in which have been carried out three thermal response tests with different characteristics, has been implemented a variation of the finite line source model introducing an …

060102 archaeologyGroundwater flowRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment020209 energyBoreholeThermal response test (TRT) analysis06 humanities and the arts02 engineering and technologyMechanicsThermal conductionLine sourceGround water advectionUndisturbed ground temperature recoveryThermal conductivityThermal response testHeat transferHeat exchangerMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOS0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEnvironmental scienceEffective thermal conductivity0601 history and archaeologyBorehole thermal resistanceGeothermal heat exchanger
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ZrO2 Based materials as photocatalysts for 2-propanol oxidation by using UV and solar light irradiation and tests for CO2 reduction

2018

Abstract Bare ZrO2, Ce doped ZrO2 and Er doped ZrO2 samples have been prepared by a hydrothermal process and have been used as photocatalysts for 2-propanol oxidation reaction in gas solid regime. Moreover, some preliminary tests have been carried out for CO2 reduction. The samples were physico-chemically characterized and both bare and doped ZrO2 based materials resulted active for oxidation and reduction reactions by using UV and solar irradiation. The reactivity results have been correlated with the compositional, structural and morphological features of the photocatalysts.

2-Propanol oxidation; Ce doped ZrO2; CO2 reduction; Er doped ZrO2; Photocatalysis; ZrO2; Catalysis; Chemistry (all)Materials science02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesRedoxHydrothermal circulationCatalysisCatalysisPropanolchemistry.chemical_compoundPhotocatalysiZrO2Reactivity (chemistry)IrradiationPhotocatalysisDoping2-Propanol oxidationChemistry (all)Er doped ZrO2General Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCe doped ZrO2chemistryCO2 reductionPhotocatalysis2-Propanol oxidation Ce doped ZrO2 CO2 reduction Er doped ZrO 2 Photocatalysis ZrO2Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie0210 nano-technologyCO2reduction
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Emerging extraction

2015

Traditional extraction methods include usually high temperature treatment (more than 100°C) with the subsequent risk of thermal denaturation or transformation of the target molecules. Moreover, these techniques are very time-consuming and require relatively large quantities of solvents. On the other hand, the use of environmentally friendly technologies has led researchers and the food industry to develop new alternative processes that can extract valuable compounds from different sources and food wastes of different origin. This chapter describes the potential use of emerging technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), laser ablation, pulsed electric fields (PEF), high volta…

2. Zero hungerThermal denaturationFood industrybusiness.industryEmerging technologies[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]010401 analytical chemistryExtraction (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food science01 natural sciencesEnvironmentally friendly0104 chemical sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyTemperature treatmentSustainabilityEnvironmental scienceExtraction methodsProcess engineeringbusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Enhanced adhesion and in situ photothermal ablation of cancer cells in surface-functionalized electrospun microfiber scaffold with graphene oxide

2017

The physicochemical characteristics of a biomaterial surface highly affect the interaction with living cells. Recently, much attention has been focused on the adhesion properties of functional biomaterials toward cancer cells, since is expected to control metastatic spread of a tumor, which is related to good probability containing the progression of disease burden. Here, we designed an implantable poly(caprolactone)-based electrospun microfiber scaffold, henceforth PCLMF-GO, to simultaneously capture and kill cancer cells by tuning physicochemical features of the hybrid surface through nitrogen plasma activation and hetero-phase graphene oxide (GO) covalent functionalization. The surface i…

3003business.product_categoryCancer therapyPharmaceutical ScienceNanotechnologyBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologyCell capture010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPlasmalawNeoplasmsMicrofiberCell AdhesionHumansCell adhesionGraphene oxideHybrid materialChemistryGrapheneBiomaterialOxidesAdhesionPhotothermal therapyPhototherapy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesPolycaprolactoneCancer cellMCF-7 CellsSurface modificationGraphite0210 nano-technologybusiness
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UAV and GPR Data Integration in Glacier Geometry Reconstruction: A Case Study from Irenebreen, Svalbard

2022

Although measurements of thickness and internal structure of glaciers are substantial for the understanding of their evolution and response to climate change, detailed data about polythermal glaciers, are scarce. Here, we present the first ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurement data of Irenebreen, and high-resolution DEM and orthomosaic, obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. A combination of GPR and UAV data allowed for the reconstruction of the glacier geometry including thermal structure. We compare different methods of GPR signal propagation speed determination and argue that a common midpoint method (CMP) should be used if possible. Our observations reveal that…

3D modelSvalbardground-penetrating radarcommon midpoint methodScienceQglaciologyunmanned aerial vehicleGeneral Earth and Planetary Sciencestemperate icephotogrammetrythermal structureRemote Sensing
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PLLA scaffolds with controlled architecture as potential microenvironment for in vitro tumor model

2019

Abstract The "microenvironment" where a tumor develops plays a fundamental role in determining its progression, the onset of metastasis and, eventually, its resistance to therapies. Tumor cells can be considered more or less invasive depending both on the nature of the cells and on the site where they are located. Commonly adopted laboratory culture protocols for the investigation of tumor cells take usually place on standard two-dimensional supports. However, such cultures do not allow for reproduction of the biophysical properties of the tumor’s microenvironment, thus causing the cells to lose most of their relevant characteristics. In this work MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells were cultiva…

3D tumor modelPolyestersCellBreast Neoplasms02 engineering and technologyBiologyModels BiologicalMetastasis03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorTumor MicroenvironmentmedicineHumansViability assayDAPICell adhesion030304 developmental biologySettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria Chimica0303 health sciencesTissue ScaffoldsSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeBreast cancer cellCell BiologyGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.diseaseIn vitroLactic acidStainingmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiophysicsFemaleThermally induced phase separation0210 nano-technologyPoly-L-Lactic acidDevelopmental BiologyTissue and Cell
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Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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