Search results for "Thin films."

showing 10 items of 148 documents

Elucidation of constant current density molecular plating

2012

Abstract The production of thin layers by means of constant current or constant voltage electrolysis in organic media is commonly known as molecular plating. Despite the fact that this method has been applied for decades and is known to be among the most efficient ones for obtaining quantitative deposition, a full elucidation of the molecular plating is still lacking. In order to get a general understanding of the process and hence set the basis for further improvements of the method, constant current density electrolysis experiments were carried out in a mixture of isopropanol and isobutanol containing millimolar amounts of HNO 3 together with [Nd(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O] used as a model electrol…

PhysicsNeodymiumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectrolysisThin filmsAnalytical chemistryElectrolyteMolecular platinglaw.inventionThin films; Molecular plating; NeodymiumNuclear magnetic resonanceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawPlatingSurface roughnessDeposition (phase transition)Thin filmSpectroscopyInstrumentation
researchProduct

Oblique surface waves at an interface between a metal–dielectric superlattice and an isotropic dielectric

2012

We investigate the existence and dispersion characteristics of surface waves that propagate at an interface between a metal–dielectric superlattice and an isotropic dielectric. Within the long-wavelength limit, when the effective-medium (EM) approximation is valid, the superlattice behaves like a uniaxial plasmonic crystal with the main optical axes perpendicular to the metal–dielectric interfaces. We demonstrate that if such a semi-infinite plasmonic crystal is cut normally to the layer interfaces and brought into contact with a semi-infinite dielectric, a new type of surface mode can appear. Such modes can propagate obliquely to the optical axes if favorable conditions regarding the thick…

PlasmonsMaterials scienceSuperlatticesSuperlatticePhysics::OpticsDielectricelectrical magnetic and optical [Condensed matter]01 natural sciences010309 opticsCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSurfaces interfaces and thin films0103 physical sciencesPerpendicular010306 general physicsDispersion (water waves)Mathematical PhysicsPlasmonÓpticaCondensed matter physicsIsotropySurface wavesCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhotonicsSurface waveNanoscale science and low-D systems
researchProduct

Aided phytostabilization using Miscanthus sinensis×giganteus on heavy metal-contaminated soils

2013

Abstract A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of red mud, a by-product of the alumina industry, as a soil amendment on highly contaminated soils in the vicinity of a former Pb–Zn smelter in Copșa Mica (Romania). Changes in the distribution of Zn, Cd and Pb in various soil fractions, mobility of heavy metals in the soil, and their uptake and effects on growth and productivity of Miscanthus sinensis × giganteus were evaluated. Uptake of Zn, Cd and Pb was determined in different tissues of M. sinensis × giganteus cultivated in field plots situated at increasing distance from the pollution source and with different levels of contamination and metal availabilities. Soluble meta…

PollutionEnvironmental Engineeringmedia_common.quotation_subjectAmendmentBioconcentrationMiscanthus sinensisPoaceaecomplex mixturesMiningSoilMetals HeavySoil PollutantsEnvironmental ChemistryWaste Management and Disposalmedia_commonbiologyRomaniaChemistryMiscanthusbiology.organism_classificationPollutionDiffusive gradients in thin filmsRed mudBiodegradation EnvironmentalAgronomySoil waterScience of The Total Environment
researchProduct

Current-induced domain wall motion in nanoscale ferromagnetic elements

2011

The manipulation of a magnetic domain wall (DW) by a spin polarized current in ferromagnetic nanowires has attracted tremendous interest during the last years due to fundamental questions in the fields of spin dependent transport phenomena and magnetization dynamics but also due to promising applications, such as DW based magnetic memory concepts and logic devices. We comprehensively review recent developments in the field of geometrically confined domain walls and in particular current induced DW dynamics. We focus on the influence of the magnetic and electronic transport properties of the materials on the spin transfer effect in DWs. After considering the different DW structures in ferrom…

Ring StructuresAcoustics and Ultrasonics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesThreshold Current010305 fluids & plasmasGeneral Materials SciencePermalloy NanowiresAnisotropyComputer Science::DatabasesSpin-½electrical [Condensed matter]PhysicsSpin polarizationCondensed matter physicsGiant Magnetoresistance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDynamicsDomain wall (magnetism)magnetic and optical SurfacesMechanics of MaterialsCharge carrierThin0210 nano-technologyCurrent PulsesAngular momentumCurrent-induced domain wall motionMagnetic domain530 PhysicsNanowirePerpendicular Magnetic-AnisotropyGiant magnetoresistanceMagnetizationMemory0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsMagnetization dynamicsNanowiresX-RaysMechanical EngineeringPhase-DiagramSpin engineering530 PhysikDomain Wallinterfaces and thin filmsFerromagnetismTorqueShift RegisterIon IrradiationNanoscale science and low-D systemsSpin-Polarized CurrentSpin Torque
researchProduct

Organoboron Polymers for Photovoltaic Bulk Heterojunctions

2010

SOLAR-CELLSphotovoltaic bulk heterojunctionORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICSn-type polymerthin filmsSOLAR-CELLS; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS; CONJUGATED POLYMERSCONJUGATED POLYMERSboranehigh performance polymer
researchProduct

Studies on atomic layer deposition of IRMOF-8 thin films

2015

Deposition of IRMOF-8 thin films by atomic layer deposition was studied at 260–320 C. Zinc acetate and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid were used as the precursors. The as-deposited amorphous films were crystallized in 70% relative humidity at room temperature resulting in an unknown phase with a large unit cell. An autoclave with dimethylformamide as the solvent was used to recrystallize the films into IRMOF-8 as confirmed by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction. The films were further characterized by high temperature x-ray diffraction (HTXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis (TOF-…

Scanning electron microscopeAnalytical chemistryfield emission microscopesInfrared spectroscopyAtomic layer depositionThin filmFourier transform infrared spectroscopyta116kuormausta114ChemistrySurfaces and InterfacesatomikerroskasvatusCondensed Matter PhysicspalladiumX-ray diffractionSurfaces Coatings and FilmsAmorphous solidfourier transform infrared spectroscopyElastic recoil detectionamorphous filmsloadingCarbon filmthin filmsenergy dispersive spectroscopyatomic layer depositionX-ray spectroscopyohutkalvotzinc compoundsscanning electron microscopyJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology A
researchProduct

Stabilizing spin spirals and isolated skyrmions at low magnetic field exploiting vanishing magnetic anisotropy

2018

Skyrmions are topologically protected non-collinear magnetic structures. Their stability is ideally suited to carry information in, e.g., racetrack memories. The success of such a memory critically depends on the ability to stabilize and manipulate skyrmions at low magnetic fields. The non-collinear Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction originating from spin-orbit coupling drives skyrmion formation. It competes with Heisenberg exchange and magnetic anisotropy favoring collinear states. Isolated skyrmions in ultra-thin films so far required magnetic fields as high as several Tesla. Here, we show that isolated skyrmions in a monolayer of Co/Ru(0001) can be stabilized down to vanishing fields. Eve…

SciencePhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyQSpintronicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectArticleSurfacesinterfaces and thin filmsFerromagnetismlcsh:QCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsddc:530lcsh:Science
researchProduct

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ATOMIC/ELECTRONIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF HYBRID HALIDE PSEUDO-PEROVSKITES: PERSPECTIVES AND OPEN ISSUES FOR NOVEL THERMOELECTRI…

2022

Settore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E Inorganicaperovskites thin films heterovalent doping
researchProduct

Thermochromic Thin Films: Synthesis, Properties and Energy Consumption Modelling

2013

Thermochromic materials such as vanadium dioxide have been postulated for use in “SMART” windows for a number of years. Such windows work by exploiting a structural phase change from an infra-red transmissive state to a infra-red reflective state. Significant challenges still remain before such materials will be able to find wide spread use. In this mini review we discuss the nature of this thermochromic transition with reference to the latest research work in the field. We pay particular attention to challenges such as film colouration, transition temperature, and transition hysteresis. We describe the most up to date strategies for addressing these challenges, considering advanced synthes…

Settore ICAR/10 - Architettura TecnicaVanadium Dioxide Thermochromism SMART windows Energy Efficient Glazing Thin Films architecture
researchProduct

Nanostructured materials for solar cells: electrochemical fabrication and characterization

2011

Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataSOLAR CELLS THIN FILMS NANOSTRUCTURES ZnS CIGS
researchProduct