Search results for "Threat"
showing 10 items of 318 documents
A Study of a Social Behavior inside the Online Black Markets
2010
Illegal activities in cyberspace involving software vulnerabilities have resulted in tangible damage on computer-based environments. Lately, online black market sites for trading stolen goods, credentials, malware and exploit kits have been intensively examined. The market players are identifiably a group of loosely tied individuals but posses shared interests. However, their social behavior has only been discussed in a limited manner. This paper examines the arrangement of the market insiders’ social behavior that enables such forums to continue or discontinue their operation and become a meaningful threat to security. The results reveal that particular formal and informal regulations and …
A comparison of three statistical methods for analysing extinction threat status
2013
SUMMARYThe International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List provides a globally-recognized evaluation of the conservation status of species, with the aim of catalysing appropriate conservation action. However, in some parts of the world, species data may be lacking or insufficient to predict risk status. If species with shared ecological or life history characteristics also tend to share their risk of extinction, then ecological or life history characteristics may be used to predict which species may be at risk, although perhaps not yet classified as such by the IUCN. Statistical models may be a means to determine whether there are non-threatened or unclassified species that s…
Kiberdraudu un drošības ietekme uz patērētāju uzvedību Fintech uzņēmumos
2021
Līdz ar daudzajiem tehnoloģiskajiem sasniegumiem, kas turpina attīstīties, un pasaule, kādu mēs pazītam, strauji mainās. FinTech pakalpojumi ir pārņēmuši ekonomiku kā daļa no šī modernā tehnoloģiju viļņa. FinTech firmas ir klātesošas gandrīz katrā ekonomikas daļā. Šī tehnoloģija tiek uzskatīta par transformējošu atklājumu, kas ir ietekmējis mūsu dzīvi un ekonomisko sistēmu; tā ir padarījusi sarežģītākus procesus pieejamākus visiem; tomēr FinTech ir radījis ievērojamas problēmas, piemēram, kiberuzbrukumus un pienācīgu noteikumu trūkumu. Klienti un valdības joprojām iepazīstas ar šiem jauninājumiem, jo šī konkrētā ekonomikas joma strauji attīstās. Patērētāji tiek ātri iesaistīti jaunos un lab…
Evaluation of the Financial Threat Scale (FTS) in four european, non-student samples
2015
Abstract The Financial Threat Scale (FTS) was designed to assess levels of fear, uncertainty, and preoccupation about the stability and security of one's finances. In previous research with Canadian university students, it was shown that the FTS was a psychometrically sound measure, associated with failing personal financial conditions, threat-related personality characteristics, and depreciated psychological health. The present investigation further examines the FTS in a diverse set of non-student European samples. Data were collected in four countries using a self-report questionnaire which included measures of ones’ financial situation, personality, and psychological health. Results were…
A report on the conservation status of segetal weeds in Tajikistan
2014
Summary Intensification of agriculture has significantly diminished the populations of segetal weeds worldwide in recent decades. Remarkable changes to the entire flora and vegetation of man-made habitats are being observed in agroecosystems. The present study analyses, for the first time, the threat status of segetal weeds in Tajikistan. A group of 871 weed species were evaluated against IUCN criteria. The assessment of threat status revealed that 214 weed taxa have to be regarded as threatened in Tajikistan, including 18 endemic and four subendemic plants. Five species have been classified as extinct, 27 as critically endangered, 27 as endangered, 39 as vulnerable, 34 as near threatened a…
Studia Lichenologica in Italy. I. New records of red-listed species
2021
We present new data concerning lichen species of the Italian flora and confirm 36 national redlisted species.
Influence of fish aggregating devices (FADs) on anti-predator behaviour within experimental mesocosms
2015
Commercial fishers have used fish aggregating devices throughout the Mediterranean Sea for over 40 years. These devices attract numerous predatory and forage species in both coastal and offshore environments. This study examined the influence of fish aggregating devices on schooling and aggregating behaviour by small forage fish in quasi-natural mesocosms. Anti-predator behaviour was evaluated for juvenile Caranx crysos under a variety of treatment conditions. Results suggest that, in the absence of physical structure, C. crysos first respond to a predatory threat by forming a school. When a physical structure is present, however, C. crysos show an occasional tendency to aggregate near the …
New insights on the occurrence and conservation status in Italy of Alessioporus ichnusanus (Boletaceae), an IUCN red listed mycorrhizal species
2020
The conservation status of Alessioporus ichnusanus is discussed considering new insights emerged from the IUCN global assessment. New locations were identified and Italy is confirmed as the center of distribution of this species. According to the IUCN categories and criteria, A. ichnusanus is assigned to the category Vulnerable C2a(i).
‘You play like a Woman!’ Effects of gender stereotype threat on Women's performance in physical and sport activities: A meta-analysis
2018
Abstract Objectives The purpose of this quantitative review was to provide an estimation of the effect of stereotype threat on women's performance in sport. Design This review employed a meta-analytic technique. Method a meta-analysis with random effects model was performed on 24 effects. Publication bias was tested through funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Results Findings show a symmetric distribution of effects, making it possible to conclude that no file-drawer problem affected the collected sample of effects. Aggregating the results of the reviewed studies, a medium effect of stereotype threat manipulation on women's sport performances emerged (d = 0.33). Collected studies were…
Protection Motivation Theory in Information Systems Security Research
2021
Protection motivation theory (PMT) is one of the most commonly used theories to examine information security behaviors. Our systematic review of the application of PMT in information systems (IS) security and the comparison with its application for decades in psychology identified five categories of important issues that have not yet been examined in IS security research. Discussing these issues in terms of why they are relevant and important for IS security, and to what extent IS research has not considered them, offers new research opportunities associated with the study of PMT and IS security threats. We suggest how future studies can approach each of the open issues to provide a new roa…