Search results for "Timber"

The evolution in time of the concept of fast growing tree species: is it possible to use a definition applicable to all environmental conditions?

2020

Although the expression “fast-growing species” (FGS) referred to tree species has been since long time used, a clear definition has not been adopted for decades. Starting from the Italian historical background, we searched for the definitions of FGS formulated over time at a national and international level. The mean annual increment (MAI) of 10 m3 ha-1, identified by the FAO, has been the most commonly considered threshold until recently. Subsequently, experimental activities and research efforts have consistently enhanced the productivity of FGS, and other definitions have been proposed accordingly. Hence, FGS should provide annual wood yields of 15-25 m3 ha-1 with rotations of less than …

Zīmola "Timberland" sociālo mediju komunikācijas analīze Baltijas valstu piemērs

2020

ociālo mediju Facebook un Instagram izmantošana tirgzinības nolūkos kļūst arvien populārāka. Saprotot savu auditoriju sociālajos medijos, zīmoliem ir iespējams uzbūvēt ciešākās attiecības ar saviem potenciālajiem klientiem. Zīmols “Timberland” ir globāls, augstas kvalitātes apavu un apģērbu zīmols, kurš par savu potenciālo auditoriju izvēlējies cilvēkus dažādā vecumā, kuriem ir svarīgi ērti un kvalitatīvi āra apavi un apģērbi. Šāda liela un ietekmīga zīmola sociālo mediju komunikācija ir ļoti svarīga, lai veidotu zīmola tēlu attiecīgajā valstī, Eiropā un pasaulē. 2019.gada 5. septembrī zīmols uzsāka jaunu kampaņu “Dabai ir nepieciešami varoņi”, tā ir paredzēta turpmākajiem 5 gadiem un tās i…

Popolamenti marginali di faggio e cambiamenti climatici: criticità dell’applicazione di pratiche colturali classici in ambiente mediterraneo (Sicilia)

2013

Il faggio (Fagus sylvatica) è tra le specie forestali più importanti d’Europa per distribuzione, selvicoltura, rilevanza paesaggistica. Il faggio in Sicilia raggiunge il limite meridionale del proprio areale, nonché le quote altitudinali più elevate in Europa (timberline intorno a 2000 s.l.m.), localizzandosi sui Monti Nebrodi, Madonie ed Etna. La maggior parte di questi soprassuoli è stata tradizionalmente governata a ceduo semplice matricinato, seppur raramente all’interno di un quadro di interventi pianificati di lungo periodo, e molti popolamenti recentemente hanno subito primi interventi di avviamento alla conversione a fustaia. L’assetto attuale di questi soprassuoli è tuttavia destin…

Structural Uses of Stone and Timber in The European Historical Construction

2018

This paper investigates the stone masonry with timber reinforcement through Europe. It is a remarkable practice, either historical and contemporary, consisting of combining different materials to build up a masonry. This technology shows a wide variety of typological, formal, and technological types of buildings across Europe as it is strongly influenced by the nature and availability of local materials, the cultural aspects of the various communities, and the soils geological nature. As a consequence, the same constructive typology is based on different premises and leads to many interesting results. In this paper the various uses of such a mixed stone-timber masonry are shown in relation …

Un établissement rural mérovingien à Delle "La queue au loup" (territoire de Belfort)

2010

This merovingian establishment discovered during an archaeological evaluation to the west of the town of Delle in the Belfort territory is located on the Batte hillside about 300 m from the large Gallo-roman domain on the opposite slope of the valley. This settlement is characterised by a large edifice built of stone and perishable materials, which replaces a timber framed building. The building covers 230 m2 and vestiges of the floors, partitions and interior fittings are preserved which is rare for the period. The analysis of phosphate levels has given indications as to the function of each room. The finds are modest, but they do date, along with radiocarbon analysis, the settlement from …

Méthode d'analyse des haies : Protocole d'observation et gestion informatisée des données

1995

Subvention 93/182 "Organisation paysagère, agricole, écologique, sociale des structures linéaires boisées" Programme "Field boundary habitats for wildlife, crop and environmental protection"; Méthode d'analyse des haies : Protocole d'observation et gestion informatisée des données

Analisi tecnica di cantieri meccanizzati nelle operazioni di utilizzazioni forestali in Sicilia

2005

The authors describe the results of a research performed in a wood of the Western Sicily, covered with Pinus halepensis Mill. and Cupressus sempervirens L. Felling, delimbing, cross-cutting and extraction of the logs were carried out. The wood obtained was used as firewood. Two different methods of logs extraction were carried out: with transporters and with polyethylene timber chutes. The working time and the labour productivity recorded during each operations are reported. The results show that in the forest utilization performed in Sicily the mean labour productivity per operator is 2.4 t of firewood per day. This value fits well the mean value recorded in Italy (2-3 t of firewood per da…

Kasvavan liikenteen kannattava kanava : Saimaan kanavan rahtiliikenne autonomian aikana

2013

Hygrothermal conditions in Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) dwellings

2020

The use of CLT has been increasing the last decade, and a subsequently focus on documentation of the accompanying indoor climate and exposed wooden surfaces on human well-being. This study presents the results of a measurement campaign conducted over one year of a CLT apartment building in Grimstad, Norway. The apartment building consists of three floors with 35 apartments and comply with the Norwegian passive house standard and energy grade A. Measurements of the relative humidity (RH), indoor air temperature and wood moisture content (MC) were performed in the exposed CLT spruce panels in three apartments in two different floors. The results from the three apartments show a relatively sma…

Trade-offs among intensive forestry, ecosystem services and biodiversity in boreal forests

2018

Finnish forests are used extensively for timber production but are also providers of other ecosystem services and harbor unique biodiversity. The ecosystem services approach has so far been used marginally in the context of Finnish forestry; however, due to the multiple values associated with Finnish forests and the impacts forestry operations have on forest ecosystems, it is clearly applicable in this context. In this thesis, I studied the occurrence and severity of trade-offs among ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation in Finnish forests. I used forest inventory data, forest growth simulations, and multi-objective optimization to reveal how the severity of the trade-offs varies…