Search results for "Time factor"
showing 10 items of 3219 documents
Study protocol: fit for delivery - can a lifestyle intervention in pregnancy result in measurable health benefits for mothers and newborns? A randomi…
2013
Abstract Background The global obesity epidemic has led to increased attention on pregnancy, a period when women are at risk of gaining excessive weight. Excessive gestational weight gain is associated with numerous complications, for both mother and child. Though the problem is widespread, few studies have examined the effect of a lifestyle intervention in pregnancy designed to limit maternal weight gain. The Fit for Delivery study will explore the effectiveness of nutritional counseling coupled with exercise classes compared with standard prenatal care. The aims of the study are to examine the effect of the intervention on maternal weight gain, newborn birth weight, glucose regulation, co…
High cotinine levels are persistent during the first days of life in newborn second hand smokers.
2013
a b s t r a c t Background: Despite the adverse effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the newborn's health are well-known, in the pediatric population, a high prevalence exists that is very much affected by second hand smoke (SHS). This study aims to investigate the impact of maternal smoking habits during preg- nancy on cotinine levels in newborns during the first days of life. The high association between cotinine concentration in maternal and umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been previously reported, but the levels of blood cotinine that remain in infants born to smokers is unknown. Methods: Cotinine concentration was measured in UCB, in maternal and newborn peripheral blood. Dat…
Whooping cough, twenty years from acellular vaccines introduction
2015
Clinical pertussis resulting from infection with B. pertussis is a significant medical and public health problem, despite the huge success of vaccination that has greatly reduced its incidence. The whole cell vaccine had an undeniable success over the last 50 years, but its acceptance was strongly inhibited by fear, only partially justified, of severe side effects, but also, in the Western world, by the difficulty to enter in combination with other vaccines: today multi-vaccine formulations are essential to maintain a high vaccination coverage. The advent of acellular vaccines was greeted with enthusiasm by the public health world: in the Nineties, several controlled vaccine trials were car…
Trainability of underwater breath-holding time.
1984
From diving practice we know that breath-holding time (BHT) can be increased by training. This examination was set up to illuminate whether BHT underwater can be trained decisively in a short period of time. The authors investigated whether physiologic or psychological aspects are the main constituents of the above-mentioned BHT phenomenon. BHT and the "onset point" of involuntary respiratory movements of 64 subjects were registered after deep inspiration and immersion in ca. 1 m. Two different tests were set up: (I) 2 breath-holds per day on 5 consecutive days, (II) 5 repeated breath-holds with pauses of 3 min in between. BHT of the first test was shorter underwater than in similar experim…
Volatile organic compounds fingerprint of Alzheimer’s disease.
2015
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a profoundly life changing condition and once diagnosis occurs, this is typically at a relatively late stage into the disease process. Therefore, a shift to earlier diagnosis, which means several decades before the onset of the typical manifestation of the disease, will be an important step forward for the patient. A promising diagnostic and screening tool to answer this purpose is represented by breath and exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis. In fact, human exhaled breath contains several thousand of VOCs that vary in abundance and number in correlation with the physiological status. The exhaled VOCs reflect the metabolism, including the neuronal …
Ovarian Endometrioid-like Yolk Sac Tumor Treated by Surgery Alone, with Recurrence at 12 Years
1999
Abstract We describe the case of a stage Ia endometrioid-like yolk sac tumor (YST) of the ovary, which was originally misdiagnosed as a malignant struma ovarii and not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. After 12 years, a contralateral dermoid cyst was excised along with a small omental nodule of partially necrotic and calcified endometrioid-like YST. No tumor was detected in several other biopsy specimens, and a peritoneal lavage was negative for tumor cells. Since there was no evidence of remaining tumor and the serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level was normal after the second operation, the patient was followed. Serial serum AFP levels remained normal for 4 months. At a second-look laparotomy …
The randomized shortened dental arch study (RaSDA): design and protocol
2010
Abstract Background Various treatment options for the prosthetic treatment of jaws where all molars are lost are under discussion. Besides the placement of implants, two main treatment types can be distinguished: replacement of the missing molars with removable dental prostheses and non-replacement of the molars, i.e. preservation of the shortened dental arch. Evidence is lacking regarding the long-term outcome and the clinical performance of these approaches. High treatment costs and the long time required for the treatment impede respective clinical trials. Methods/design This 14-center randomized controlled investigator-initiated trial is ongoing. Last patient out will be in 2010. Patien…
Sudden upper airway obstruction in patients with hereditary angioedema.
2003
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is clinically characterized by recurrent and self-limiting skin, intestinal, and life-threatening laryngeal edema. This study describes the age at which laryngeal edema first occurred, the time between onset and full development, and the effectiveness of therapy and prophylaxis in 123 HAE patients. 61 (49.7%) patients experienced a total of 596 laryngeal edema episodes. The ratio of laryngeal edema episodes to skin swellings and abdominal pain attacks was approximately 1:70:54 in patients who had laryngeal edema. The mean (SD) age at the first laryngeal edema was 26.2 (15.3) years. Nearly 80% of the laryngeal edemas occurred between age 11 and 45. The mean interv…
Long-term outcome of treatment with dacarbazine, cisplatin, interferon-α and intravenous high dose interleukin-2 in poor risk melanoma patients
1998
Melanoma patients with very advanced disease are usually excluded from chemoimmunotherapy trials; however, the efficacy of intensive treatment regimens needs to be established for this patient population. This study aimed to evaluate the response rate and survival achieved with chemoimmunotherapy in very advanced melanoma patients. Forty-two patients received dacarbazine (250 mg/m2, days 1-3), cisplatin (30mg/m2, days 1-3), interferon-alpha (10 Mio IU/m2 subcutaneously, days 1-5) and intravenous interleukin-2 (18 Mio IU/m2 over 6 h, 12 h then 24 h, followed by 13.5 MioIU/m2 in 72 h). In cases of brain metastases (n = 12) radiation therapy was added. Ten patients (24%) achieved a partial res…
Breast Cancer Incidence in the City and Province of Palermo in 1999-2002: A Breast Cancer Registry Report
2005
: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of breast cancer in women from the city and province of Palermo (Sicily) in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, using a population-based cancer registry approach. In recent years, a sharp increase of breast cancer incidence has been observed worldwide. Overall, direct age-standardized incidence rates (SIR) were 81.0 per 100,000 person-years, higher in Palermo City (89.4) than in Palermo Province (70.4). Results reported here show a highly significant difference in breast cancer incidence in different areas of Sicily, particularly in the youngest age groups; and a profound difference between the metropolitan area of Palermo and the surrounding area…