Search results for "Tissue Engineering"
showing 10 items of 370 documents
Bioengineered in vitro 3D model of myotonic dystrophy type 1 human skeletal muscle
2021
Abstract Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common hereditary myopathy in the adult population. The disease is characterized by progressive skeletal muscle degeneration that produces severe disability. At present, there is still no effective treatment for DM1 patients, but the breakthroughs in understanding the molecular pathogenic mechanisms in DM1 have allowed the testing of new therapeutic strategies. Animal models and in vitro two-dimensional cell cultures have been essential for these advances. However, serious concerns exist regarding how faithfully these models reproduce the biological complexity of the disease. Biofabrication tools can be applied to engineer human three-dim…
Melt Processed PCL/PEG Scaffold with Discrete Pore Size Gradient for Selective Cellular Infiltration
2016
In order to develop scaffold able to mimic the natural gradient properties of tissues, biphasic and triphasic approaches were adopted. In this work, polycaprolactone/polyethylene glycol (PCL/PEG) scaffolds were prepared by using a combination of melt mixing and selective leaching without harmful solvents. The method permitted to develop three-layer scaffolds with high control of porosity and pore size. The mechanical properties were evaluated under physiological condition in order to simulate the real conditions of work. Co-culture of osteoblastic and fibroblastic mice cells were carried out in order to study the differential cellular permeation through the different pore size layers.
Three-layered porous device in PCL/PEG blend for interface tissue engineering
2016
Tissue interfaces, such as cartilage-to-bone, exhibit anisotropic structural properties, which gradually vary from one tissue to another. Consequently a regenerative scaffold designed for interface tissues should exhibit a gradient in composition, structure and mechanical features, mimicking those of the native zones. In particular, the architecture of pores plays a central role. Indeed, a biomedical implant should be designed with porosityand pore size gradients simulating the structure of the two interface tissues. One of the most common techniques to prepare porous scaffolds is the particulate leaching method, which involves the selective leaching of a mineral or organic compound as poro…
Cyclo- and Polyphosphazenes for Biomedical Applications
2022
Cyclic and polyphosphazenes are extremely interesting and versatile substrates characterized by the presence of -P=N- repeating units. The chlorine atoms on the P atoms in the starting materials can be easily substituted with a variety of organic substituents, thus giving rise to a huge number of new materials for industrial applications. Their properties can be designed considering the number of repetitive units and the nature of the substituent groups, opening up to a number of peculiar properties, including the ability to give rise to supramolecular arrangements. We focused our attention on the extensive scientific literature concerning their biomedical applications: as antimicrobial age…
A MICRO-ARCHITECTURAL BASED STRUCTURAL MODEL FOR ELASTOMERIC ELECTROSPUN SCAFFOLDS FOR HEART VALVE TISSUE ENGINEERING
2010
BACKGROUND. Improving how scaffold architectures affect cell morphology, metabolism, phenotypic expression, and predicting mechanical behaviors, are crucial goals in the development of engineered heart valve scaffolds. Studies are required to elucidate how the fibrous microstructure translates into specific tissue (or meso-scale) level mechanical behavior. Deterministic structural models can quantify how key structures contribute to the mechanical response as a function of bulk deformation across multiple scales, as well as provide a better understanding of cellular mechanical response to local micro-structural deformations. An appropriate representative volume element (RVE) size was determ…
A Method to Extract the Complete Fiber Network Topology of Planar Fibrous Tissues and Scaffolds.
2010
Improving fabrication protocols and design strategies, investigating on how scaffold architecture affects cell morphology, metabolism and phenotypic expression, predicting mechanical behaviors, have increasingly become crucial goals in the development of engineered tissue scaffolds. In the present study, an image-based analysis approach that provides an automatic tool to fully characterize engineered tissues fiber network topology was developed. The following micro architectural features are detected: fiber angle distribution, fiber connectivity, fiber overlap spatial density, fiber diameter. In order to demonstrate the potential of this approach Electrospun poly(ester urethane)urea (ES-PEU…
Correlation between tissue-harvesting method and donor-site with the yield of spheroids from adipose-derived stem cells
2022
MORPHOSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN DENTAL FOLLICULAR STEM CELLS ON HIGLY POROUS BONE HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLD
2007
In this study we investigated the in vitro behaviour, morphostructure and extracellular matrix synthesis of human dental follicular stem cells (hDFSCs) isolated from human dental bud, which resulted to be positive for mesenchymal markers (CD29, CD90, CD146 and CD166) by FACS analysis. Cells were analysed by light and electronic microscopy to evaluate their biological response either at week 1, that is before differentiation, or at weeks 3-6, when they had been cultured in osteogenic medium onto a highly porous natural scaffold material (Bio-Oss). Microscopy analysis of primary culture cells showed they had a mesenchymal stem cell-like morphostructure, spindle shaped, similar to the culture …
Characterization of a novel three-dimensional outgrowth model of human bronchial mucosa
2011
Recently it has been hypothesized that a reactivation of the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU) of the respiratory mucosa, caused by extensive epithelial damage, may be responsible for the pathogenesis of asthma. However, most research on this subject so far has been limited by the unavailability of in vitro models correctly mimicking the three-dimensional architecture of the properly differentiated human bronchial mucosa. For this reason, we have developed a novel 3D outgrowth model, obtained from bronchial biopsies and composed of both human bronchial epithelial cells (goblet and columnar cells) and fibroblasts with their basement membrane. Here we present the preliminary data obt…