Search results for "Toe"
showing 10 items of 3824 documents
Laser irradiation of ZnO:Al/Ag/ZnO:Al multilayers for electrical isolation in thin film photovoltaics
2013
Laser irradiation of ZnO:Al/Ag/ZnO:Al transparent contacts is investigated for segmentation purposes. The quality of the irradiated areas has been experimentally evaluated by separation resistance measurements, and the results are complemented with a thermal model used for numerical simulations of the laser process. The presence of the Ag interlayer plays two key effects on the laser scribing process by increasing the maximum temperature reached in the structure and accelerating the cool down process. These evidences can promote the use of ultra-thin ZnO:Al/ Ag/ZnO:Al electrode in large-area products, such as for solar modules. © 2013 Crupi et al.; licensee Springer.
Optical Sensor for Real-Time Detection of Trichlorofluoromethane
2019
Trichlorofluoromethane was once a promising and versatile applicable chlorofluorocarbon. Unaware of its ozone-depleting character, for a long time it was globally applied as propellant and refrigerant and thus led to significant thinning of the ozone layer and contributed to the formation of the so-called ozone hole. Although production and application of this substance were gradually reduced at an early stage, we still face the consequences of its former careless use. Today, trichlorofluoromethane is released during recycling processes of waste cooling devices, traded on the black market, and according to recent findings still illegally manufactured. Here, we present an optical sensor devi…
WS2 2D Semiconductor Down to Monolayers by Pulsed-Laser Deposition for Large-Scale Integration in Electronics and Spintronics Circuits
2020
International audience; We report on the achievement of a large-scale tungsten disulfide (WS2) 2D semiconducting platform derived by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) on both insulating substrates (SrTiO3), as required for in-plane semiconductor circuit definition, and ferromagnetic spin sources (Ni), as required for spintronics applications. We show thickness and phase control, with highly homogeneous wafer-scale monolayers observed under certain conditions, as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy mappings. Interestingly, growth appears to be dependent on the substrate selection, with a dramatically increased growth rate on Ni substrates. We show that this 2D…
Solution processable phosphorescent dendrimers based on cyclic phosphazenes for use in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs)
2008
A novel solution processable phosphorescent dendrimer based on cyclic phosphazene (CP) cores has been prepared and used as emissive layers in simple OLED architectures, providing efficiencies of 24.0 cd A^-1 and 16.7 lm W^-1. Bolink, Henk, Henk.Bolink@uv.es ; Garcia Santamaria, Sonsoles Amor, Sonsoles.Garcia@uv.es
Continuous wave dual-wavelength operation at 1048 and 1386 nm in Nd<sup>3+</sup>:LaBGeO<inf>5</inf> for yellow laser light ge…
2007
We present results on simultaneous oscillation in continuous-wave at 1048 and 1386 nm in Nd3+:LaBGeO5 crystal. LaBGeO5 is a nonlinear positive uniaxial crystal with potential application for intracavity generation of yellow laser radiation at 597 nm. Due to the different cross section in both laser channels, simultaneous oscillation is achieved by axial hole burning in a standing wave (linear cavity). It is concluded that a stable output laser spectrum is obtained for an absorbed pump power of 700 mW. A laser competition with alternating single-channel and dual-channel oscillation at different pump regimes was observed in the experiments.
Graphene and graphene oxide on Ir(111) are transparent to wetting but not to icing
2021
Anti-icing coatings reduce the freezing onset temperature for water by changing the chemical and physical environment at the water-substrate interface to prevent ice nucleation and growth. Graphene oxide has several attributes that make it attractive as an anti-icing coating and it has been theoretically predicted that graphene oxide has a lower freezing onset temperature than pristine graphene. Here, we test this hypothesis using carefully prepared, well-characterized graphene oxide substrates. We compare the water contact angle for graphene and graphene oxide coatings, both prepared on iridium(111) surfaces. The results show both materials to be transparent to wetting, but indicate a lowe…
Symmetry of valence states of Heusler compounds explored by linear dichroism in hard-x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
2011
This study reports on the linear dichroism in angular-resolved photoemission from the valence band of the Heusler compounds ${\mathrm{NiTi}}_{0.9}{\mathrm{Sc}}_{0.1}\mathrm{Sn}$ and NiMnSb. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy was performed with an excitation energy of $h\ensuremath{\nu}=7.938\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$. The linear polarization of the photons was changed using an in-vacuum diamond phase retarder. The valence band spectra exhibit the typical structure expected from first-principles calculations of the electronic structure of these compounds. Noticeable linear dichroism is found in the valence band of both materials, and this allows for a symmetry analysis of the cont…
Role ofp-dands-dinteractions in the electronic structure and band gap of Zn1−xMxO (M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu): Photoelectron and optical spectrosc…
2012
We report an investigation on the effect of $p$-$d$ and $s$-$d$ interactions in the electronic structure, and especially in the band-gap value, of wurtzite wide-gap diluted magnetic semiconductors Zn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$${M}_{x}$O ($M=\mathrm{Cr}$, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu). Thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition are investigated by means of optical absorption at low-temperature and photoelectron spectroscopy. Pure wurzite phase is shown to be maintained for Co and Mn concentrations up to 25$%$ and for Cr up to 10$%$, while in the case of Fe, Ni, and Cu, other phases are present for concentrations higher than 5, 2, and 1$%$, respectively. The band gap of the Zn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$${M…
Influence of Sn Low Doping on the Morphological, Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Films Deposited by Sol Gel Dip-Coating
2014
In this work, Undoped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Sndoped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Sn) films have been deposited by sol-gel dip coating method, where the Sn/Zn atomic ratio was 3% and 5% in the solution. The effects of Sn incorporation on morphological, structural and optical properties of ZnO films were investigated. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the morphological surface of the films was affected by Sn low doping. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that all films have polycrystalline structures, and the doping incorporation has not lead to substantial changes in the structural characteristics of ZnO films. The crystallite size was calculated using the well-known Scherrer’s f…
Influence of the chemical dissolution of MnS inclusions on the composition of passive films and the local electrochemical behaviour of stainless stee…
2006
Abstract Immersion of stainless steel containing MnS inclusions in aqueous electrolytes leads to the chemical dissolution of these heterogeneities. Chemical dissolution of MnS inclusions in 1M NaCl, pH=3 was studied using in-situ AFM and the dissolution rate of MnS was estimated between 0.04 and 0.19 μm 3 /min. The local electrochemical measurements reveal that the chemical dissolution of MnS inclusions promotes pitting corrosion. Similary, chemical dissolution of MnS inclusions in IM NaClO 4 , pH=3 solution modified the surface close to the inclusions by the presence of FeSO 4 in the passive film.