Search results for "Toe"

showing 10 items of 3824 documents

Photoabsorption and MXCD in photoemission microscopy for characterisation of advanced materials

1999

Abstract We applied chemical and magnetic sensitive photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) to investigate surfaces of advanced materials. PEEM at low photon energies provides a high spatial resolution, but suffers from the lack of information about the chemical composition of the imaged surface. Such information can be obtained by PEEM via tuning the photon energy to X-ray absorption edges. To apply spectromicroscopy we acquired and subtracted microscopic images using photon energies just below and at the edges. The resulting difference gives a micro-image of the lateral distribution of a specific element. Microspectroscopy is performed by recording the intensity of secondary electrons in…

RadiationPhotonMagnetic structurebusiness.industryChemistryAnalytical chemistryPhoton energyDichroismRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSecondary electronsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotoemission electron microscopyOpticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessSpectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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Bulk sensitive photo emission spectroscopy of compounds

2007

This work reports about bulk-sensitive, high energy photoelectron spectroscopy from the valence band of CoTiSb excited by photons from 1.2 to 5 keV energy. The high energy photoelectron spectra were taken at the KMC-1 high energy beamline of BESSY II employing the recently developed Phoibos 225 HV analyser. The measurements show a good agreement to calculations of the electronic structure using the LDA scheme. It is shown that the high energy spectra reveal the bulk electronic structure better compared to low energy XPS spectra.

RadiationPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistrybusiness.industryElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSemiconductorX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyBeamlineExcited stateEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsbusinessSpectroscopyUltraviolet photoelectron spectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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Valence electronic structure of polystyrenes with different tacticities : how to go (or not to go) too far ? A joint theoretical and experimental app…

1990

Abstract Monochromadzed Al-K α XPS spectra from iso- and syndiotacdc polystyrenes are analyzed with the help of theoretical band structures and densities of states produced from a valence effective Hamiltonian (VEH) computation scheme. A discussion of the correlations found between the experimental and theoretical results points out to the potentialities but also to the limits of both methods.

RadiationValence (chemistry)ChemistryComputationElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeX-ray photoelectron spectroscopysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)SpectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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Optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopy of stimulated recombination processes in defect studies

2004

Optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopy is widely used in the investigation of radiation-induced processes in wide-gap solids. This paper discusses the present understanding of applications of the experimental methods of optical and thermoactivation spectroscopy in the research of new materials, for applications in radiation dosimetry and digital imaging and in the basic research into the fundamental physics and chemistry of radiation. The advantages of the simultaneous use of optical and magnetic resonance techniques for the investigation of stimulated processes are considered.

Radiationbusiness.industryChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyRadiationCrystallographic defectlaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawOptoelectronicsDosimetrybusinessLuminescenceElectron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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A complementary laser system for ISOLDE RILIS

2011

The Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS) is a powerful tool for efficient and selective production of radioactive ion beams at Isotope Separator On Line (ISOL) facilities. To avoid isobaric background, highly selective stepwise resonant ionization is applied, using up to three different laser wavelengths. Due to their advantages in terms of stability and reliability, an all solid-state titanium:sapphire (Ti:Sa) system is used or is planned to be installed at the majority of on-line facilities worldwide. Such an all solid-state Ti:Sa laser system is going to be installed at the ISOLDE RILIS at CERN alongside the well-established dye laser system.

Radioactive ion beamsHistoryDye laserbusiness.industryChemistryRadiochemistryPhysics::OpticsHighly selectiveLaserIon sourceComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionlawIonizationResonance ionizationSapphirePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsOptoelectronicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear ExperimentbusinessJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Mechanically stable metal layers for ohmic and blocking contacts on CdZnTe detectors by electroless deposition

2015

CdZnTe detectors are commonly exploited for the detection of gamma rays. However, obtaining mechanical stable, low noise contacts on CdZnTe is still an issue. In particular, ohmic contacts would be preferable for high flux applications. In this work, we show that it is possible to obtain mechanical stable gold contacts by electroless deposition in methanol solution. Moreover, we show that electroless deposited nickel contacts are also mechanical stable and are good candidates for the realization of ohmic contacts on high resistivity CdZnTe crystals.

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials scienceContactschemistry.chemical_elementElectroless depositionCrystalsMetalNickelOhmic contactAnodesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physicbusiness.industryBlocking (radio)MethanolMetallurgyDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)AnodeLow noiseNickelchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumOptoelectronicsGoldbusiness
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Charge carrier transport mechanisms in CdZnTe detectors grown by the vertical Bridgman technique

2016

In this work, we report on the results of electrical characterization of CdZnTe (CZT) detectors, with gold electroless contacts, grown by the boron oxide encapsulated vertical Bridgman technique (B-VB), currently produced at IMEM-CNR (Parma, Italy). The detectors, with different thicknesses (1 and 2.5 mm), have the same electrode layout: the anode is a central electrode (2 x 2 mm(2)) surrounded by a guard ring electrode. The cathode is a planar electrode covering the detector surface (4.1 x 4.1 mm(2)). Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were measured at different temperatures in order to study the charge transport and the electrical properties. These detectors were compared with the trav…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleBiasingCathodePhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Anodelaw.inventionDetectors; Crystals; Conductivity; Temperature measurement; Leakage currents; Surface treatment; TemperaturelawElectrodeOptoelectronicsCharge carrierbusinessInstrumentationVoltageNuclear and High Energy Physic
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Experimental signatures of extreme optical fluctuations in lumped Raman fiber amplifiers

2012

International audience; In this work, we experimentally investigate several temporal and spectral methods to highlight extreme fluctuations which can develop during the Raman amplification of an ultrashort pulse train. Forward and backward pumping schemes are compared to dual pass configurations.

Raman amplificationOptical fiberMaterials science02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticssymbols.namesake020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentation[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRaman amplifiersControl and Systems EngineeringsymbolsFiber amplifierRaman spectroscopybusinessSpectral methodUltrashort pulseOptical Fiber Technology
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Raman-assisted three-wave mixing of non-phase-matched waves in optical fibres: application to wide-range frequency conversion

2001

International audience; We analyse theoretically and experimentally the Raman-assisted parametric coupling between non-phase-matched waves propagating in normally dispersive single-mode fibres. We perform a careful analysis of the wave-coupling behaviour, which shows that scalar and vector three-wave mixing (TWM) interactions induce a relatively small periodic power flow between a central-frequency pump at frequency ω0 and a pair of up-shifted (anti-Stokes) and down-shifted (Stokes) sidebands at frequencies View the MathML source and View the MathML source, respectively. For sufficiently high pump powers, the stimulated Raman scattering enters into play, causing a unilateral transfer of ene…

Raman amplification[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicPhase (waves)02 engineering and technology7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010309 opticssymbols.namesake020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMixing (physics)Parametric statisticsPhysicsbusiness.industryNonlinear opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicbusinessRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringCoherence (physics)
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Effects of radiation and hydrogen-loading on the performances of raman-distributed temperature fiber sensors

2015

International audience; The integration of Raman-distributed temperature fiber-based sensors (RDTS) into the envisioned French deep geological repository for nuclear wastes, called Cigéo requires evaluating how the performances of RDTS evolve in harsh environments, more precisely in presence of H2 or γ-rays. Both H2 and radiations are shown to affect the temperature measurements made with the single-ended RDTS technology. The amplitudes of the observed effects depend on the different classes of multimode fibers varying in terms of composition and coatings. By selecting the most tolerant fiber structure for the sensing, we could maintain the RDTS performances for such application. A hardeni…

Raman scatteringnuclear wasteMulti-mode optical fiberOptical fiberMaterials scienceradiation effectbusiness.industrygamma radiationoptical fiber sensorRadiationhydrogen releaseTemperature measurementAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.invention[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]symbols.namesakelawFiber optic sensorDistributed temperatureHardening (metallurgy)symbolsOptoelectronicsbusinessRaman spectroscopyRaman scattering
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