Search results for "Toe"

showing 10 items of 3824 documents

The effect of hydration layers on the anodic growth and on the dielectric properties of Al2O3 for electrolytic capacitors

2014

Hydrous films were grown on high purity and cubicity Al foils for electrolytic capacitors in deionized water, ethylene glycol - deionized water and in glycerol - deionized water for different immersion times. According to the X-ray diffraction patterns the hydration treatment allowed to grow a pseudo boehmite layer on Al surface whose morphology is appreciably affected by the bath composition. Capacitance measurements and photoelectrochemical findings suggest that a more compact barrier layer forms during the immersion in alcohol containing solutions. The hydration in water allowed to save energy and to prepare more blocking oxide films. The beneficial effect of hydration in hot water on th…

Electrolytic capacitorBoehmiteMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryMetals and AlloysOxideSurfaces and InterfacesDielectricSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidlaw.inventionAnodeBarrier layerchemistry.chemical_compoundSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicatachemistrylawMaterials ChemistryAnodic aluminaDielectricSurface treatmentCrystallizationhydration layers anodic film of Al2O3 dielectric properties electrolytic capacitors photoelectrochemical characterization
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Ultrabroadband single-cycle terahertz pulses with peak fields of 300 kV cm-1 from a metallic spintronic emitter

2017

To explore the capabilities of metallic spintronic thin-film stacks as a source of intense and broadband terahertz electromagnetic fields, we excite a W/CoFeB/Pt trilayer on a large-area glass substrate (diameter of 7.5 cm) by a femtosecond laser pulse (energy 5.5 mJ, duration 40 fs, wavelength 800 nm). After focusing, the emitted terahertz pulse is measured to have a duration of 230 fs, a peak field of 300 kV cm$^{-1}$ and an energy of 5 nJ. In particular, the waveform exhibits a gapless spectrum extending from 1 to 10 THz at 10% of amplitude maximum, thereby facilitating nonlinear control over matter in this difficult-to-reach frequency range and on the sub-picosecond time scale.

Electromagnetic fieldMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Terahertz radiationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology53001 natural scienceslaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesCommon emitter010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencebusiness.industryMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaser3. Good healthPulse (physics)WavelengthAmplitudeFemtosecondOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Sub-wavelength imaging of light confinement and propagation in SOI based photonic crystal devices

2006

A light source is coupled into photonic crystal devices and a near field optical probe is used to observe the electromagnetic field propagation and distribution at a sub-wavelength scale. Bloch modes are clearly observed.

Electromagnetic fieldMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhotonic integrated circuitNear-field opticsFinite-difference time-domain methodPhysics::OpticsSilicon on insulatorNear and far fieldOpticsOptoelectronicsNear-field scanning optical microscopebusinessPhotonic crystal
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Study of the angular acceptance of surface plasmon Bragg mirrors

2007

Surface plasmon based photonic devices are promising candidates for highly integrated optics. A surface plasmon (SP) is basically an electromagnetic wave confined in the interface between a metal and a dielectric, and is due to the interaction of the electromagnetic field with the surface bounded electron charges in the metal. A SP can propagate along the interface where it is confined (the propagation length being tens of micrometers in the visible range), but its associated electromagnetic field decreases exponentially in the perpendicular direction, in such a way that this vertical confinement makes SP very attractive for the design of optical devices in coplanar geometry. An important e…

Electromagnetic fieldMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySurface plasmonPhysics::OpticsGratingSurface plasmon polaritonElectromagnetic radiationOpticsAngle of incidence (optics)Dispersion relationDispersion (optics)Optoelectronicsbusiness2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International Quantum Electronics Conference
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An augmented MFS approach for brain activity reconstruction

2017

Abstract Weak electrical currents in the brain flow as a consequence of acquisition, processing and transmission of information by neurons, giving rise to electric and magnetic fields, which can be modeled by the quasi-stationary approximation of Maxwell’s equations. Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) techniques allow for reconstructing the cerebral electrical currents and thus investigating the neuronal activity in the human brain in a non-invasive way. This is a typical electromagnetic inverse problem which can be addressed in two stages. In the first one a physical and geometrical representation of the head is used to find the relation between a given source mo…

Electromagnetic fieldNumerical AnalysisGeneral Computer Sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testApplied MathematicsScalar (physics)010103 numerical & computational mathematicsMagnetoencephalographyInverse problem01 natural sciencesFinite element methodTheoretical Computer Science010101 applied mathematicsSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaMethod of Fundamental Solutions Boundary value problems M/EEG LOOCV algorithmModeling and SimulationmedicineMethod of fundamental solutionsBoundary value problem0101 mathematicsBoundary element methodAlgorithmMathematics
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Silencing and enhancement of second-harmonic generation in optical gap antennas

2012

International audience; Amplifying local electromagnetic fields by engineering optical interactions between individual constituents of an optical antenna is considered fundamental for efficient nonlinear wavelength conversion in nanometer-scale devices. In contrast to this general statement we show that high field enhancement does not necessarily lead to an optimized nonlinear activity. In particular, we demonstrate that second-harmonic responses generated at strongly interacting optical gap antennas can be significantly suppressed. Numerical simulations are confirming silencing of second-harmonic in these coupled systems despite the existence of local field amplification. We then propose a…

Electromagnetic fieldOptics and PhotonicsSurface PropertiesMetal NanoparticlesElectrons02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSignalOpticsElectromagnetic Fields0103 physical sciencesMaterials TestingNanotechnologyScattering RadiationComputer SimulationSurface plasmon resonance[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics010306 general physicsLocal fieldPlasmonPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryElectromagnetic RadiationSecond-harmonic generationEquipment DesignModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFinite element methodNonlinear systemMicroscopy Electron ScanningOptoelectronics[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsGold0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Ultra-nonlocality in density functional theory for photo-emission spectroscopy.

2014

We derive an exact expression for the photo-current of photo-emission spectroscopy using time-dependent current density functional theory (TDCDFT). This expression is given as an integral over the Kohn-Sham spectral function renormalized by effective potentials that depend on the exchange-correlation kernel of current density functional theory. We analyze in detail the physical content of this expression by making a connection between the density-functional expression and the diagrammatic expansion of the photo-current within many-body perturbation theory. We further demonstrate that the density functional expression does not provide us with information on the kinetic energy distribution of…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsphotocurrentsphotoelectron spectroscopyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesKinetic energySettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaQuantum nonlocalitykineticsQuantum electrodynamicsKernel (statistics)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Density functional theoryEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theorySpectroscopyThe Journal of chemical physics
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Optical Plasmonic Yagi-Uda Nano-Antennas Array for Energy Harvesting Applications

2020

Optical nanoantennas have been of great interest recently due to their ability to support a highly efficient, localized surface plasmon resonance and produce significantly enhanced and highly confined electromagnetic fields. The Yagi-Uda nanoantenna, an optical analogue of the well-established radiofrequency Yagi-Uda antenna, stands out by its efficient unidirectional light emission and enhancement. In this paper, the design of an optical plasmonic Yagi-Uda nanoantenna for energy harvesting application is proposed. The enhancement of the directivity is reached by means of an organization in array. The simulation results, carried out by 3D code CST Studio, show that the proposed nanoantenna …

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsbusiness.industry020206 networking & telecommunicationsOptical polarization02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyarray energy harvesting optical nanoantennas plasmonic Yagi-UdaDirectivity0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOptoelectronicsLight emissionAntenna (radio)Surface plasmon resonance0210 nano-technologybusinessEnergy harvestingPlasmon2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe)
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Gigahertz Single-Electron Pumping Mediated by Parasitic States

2018

In quantum metrology, semiconductor single-electron pumps are used to generate accurate electric currents with the ultimate goal of implementing the emerging quantum standard of the ampere. Pumps based on electrostatically defined tunable quantum dots (QDs) have thus far shown the most promising performance in combining fast and accurate charge transfer. However, at frequencies exceeding approximately 1 GHz, the accuracy typically decreases. Recently, hybrid pumps based on QDs coupled to trap states have led to increased transfer rates due to tighter electrostatic confinement. Here, we operate a hybrid electron pump in silicon obtained by coupling a QD to multiple parasitic states, and achi…

Electron capturePhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesBioengineering02 engineering and technologyElectron7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesQuantization (physics)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Quantum metrologyGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsQuantumQCPhysicsta214Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114business.industryMechanical EngineeringQuantum dotsiliconGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSemiconductorQuantum dotquantum electrical metrologysingle-electron pumpOptoelectronicsElectric current0210 nano-technologybusinessNANO LETTERS
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A small spherical liquid: A DFT molecular dynamics study of WAu12

2009

The finite-temperature dynamics of WAu12, incorporating both electronic and structural effects, is studied using a density-functional-based Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics method. Molecular dynamics simulations for monomolecular WAu12 suggest a surface-melting-type behaviour of the angular degrees of freedom between 366 and 512 K. Thermally averaged electron density-of-states of WAu12 are compared to the experimental photoelectron spectra of WAu12(-).

Electron densityPhotoemission spectroscopyChemistryDynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyElectron010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral line0104 chemical sciencesMolecular dynamicsChemical physics0103 physical sciencesDensity of statesElectronic effectPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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