Search results for "Toxic"
showing 10 items of 6968 documents
Adverse Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: A Literature Review
2021
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are a large group of molecules including endogenously produced androgens, such as testosterone, as well as synthetically manufactured derivatives. AAS use is widespread due to their ability to improve muscle growth for aesthetic purposes and athletes’ performance, minimizing androgenic effects. AAS use is very popular and 1–3% of US inhabitants have been estimated to be AAS users. However, AASs have side effects, involving all organs, tissues and body functions, especially long-term toxicity involving the cardiovascular system and the reproductive system, thereby, their abuse is considered a public health issue. The aim of the proposed review is to highli…
Cigarette smoke extract activates human bronchial epithelial cells affecting non-neuronal cholinergic system signalling in vitro.
2010
Abstract Aims Acetylcholine (ACh) is synthesized by Choline Acetyl-Transferase (ChAT) that exerts its physiological effects in airway epithelial cells via muscarinic receptor (MR) activation. We evaluate the effect of ACh stimulation on human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) and test whether cigarette smoke extract (CSE) can modify the basal cellular response to ACh affecting the non-neuronal cholinergic system signalling. Main methods ACh stimulated 16-HBE were tested for ACh-binding, Leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) release and ERK1/2 and NFkB pathway activation. Additionally, we investigated all the aforementioned parameters as well as ChAT and MR proteins and mRNA expression and endogenous A…
Multifocal disseminated lipoatrophy secondary to intravenous corticosteroid administration in a patient with adrenal insufficiency.
2002
Multifocal disseminated lesions of circumscribed lipoatrophy have not been described as an adverse reaction of intravenously applied drugs. A unique patient with adrenal insufficiency is reported who received corticosteroids intravenously and then had multiple lesions develop that were similar to focal lipoatrophy as known to occur secondary to faulty intradermal injections of corticosteroids.
Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on enzyme activities and active methionine absorption in the small intestine of pregnant rats.
1996
The present study evaluates the effect of chronic alcohol intake on the intestinal transport of methionine during pregnancy. For this purpose, we have used an in vitro technique that allows measurement of the unidirectional influx of the amino acids across the brush-border membrane of the rat mid-jejunum, and the basolateral membrane enzyme Na+, K+-ATPase was also evaluated in the duodenum and jejunum. For chronic alcohol treatment, the rats were fed a liquid diet containing ethanol (36% of calories) or an isocaloric diet-(pair-fed control) for 5 weeks before and during pregnancy. Animals were killed at 21 days of gestation. Results from the kinetic analysis revealed that chronic ethanol tr…
Postnatal Overfeeding in Rodents by Litter Size Reduction Induces Major Short- and Long-Term Pathophysiological Consequences
2013
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the early postnatal environment can influence body weight and energy homeostasis into adulthood. Rodents raised in small litters have been shown to be a useful experimental model to study the short- and long-term consequences of early overnutrition, which can lead to modifications not only in body weight but also of several metabolic features. Postnatal overfeeding (PNOF) induces early malprogramming of the hypothalamic system, inducing acquired persisting central leptin and insulin resistance and an increase in orexigenic signals. Visceral white adipose tissue, lipogenic activity, and inflammatory status are increased in PNOF rodents, while brown adi…
Subclinical Cardiotoxicity: The Emerging Role of Myocardial Work and Other Imaging Techniques.
2021
In recent years, the cancer survival of patients has improved thanks to advances in the pharmacological field. In many guidelines, cardiotoxicity induced by anticancer drugs was defined as a reduction from baseline in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessed by echocardiography. It is known that LVEF is not a sensible parameter in the detection of cardiotoxicity. Therefore, a decrease from baseline in the global longitudinal strain (GLS) or troponins elevation is used to detect subclinical cardiotoxicity. LVEF and GLS as well as the increase in some biomarkers are influenced by loading conditions that are frequent during chemotherapy. Other parameters not influenced by loading…
Evidence for a specific link between the personality trait of absorption and idiopathic environmental intolerance.
2008
Absorption as a personality trait refers to the predisposition to get deeply immersed in sensory (e.g., smells, sounds, pictures) or mystical experiences, that is, to experience altered states of consciousness. Absorption is markedly related to constructs openness to experiences, hypnotic suggestibility, imagination, and dissociation. Although absorption was hypothesized to be a risk factor for medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), the construct has yet not been investigated in individually suffering from idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI), formerly better known as multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). IEI is a complex condition marked by MUS, which patients attribute to various chem…
Applicability of the STOPP/START criteria to older polypathological patients in a long-term care hospital
2017
Objectives To analyse the applicability of the STOPP/START criteria as a tool to identify patients with potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) during pharmaceutical validation of prescriptions in a long-term care hospital, to identify risk factors for PIM and to characterise the physiological systems and drugs more frequently associated with these PIM. Methods An interventional, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted in polypathological patients aged >65 years. Usual pharmaceutical care and the STOPP/START criteria were used to identify PIM and to plan pharmaceutical interventions at admission. At discharge, the discharge summaries were reviewed using the STOPP/START criteria…
A case of guillain-barre syndrome in a patient with non small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy
2006
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a demyelinating polyneuropathy of probable autoimmune pathogenesis characterized by rapidly progressive symmetric paralysis. In the literature some cases of GBS associated with anticancer chemotherapy are reported. We present a case of a 55-year old woman who complained of progressive motor deficit in four limbs, areflexia in lower limbs and facial nerve paralysis one week after beginning cisplatin-gemcitabine chemotherapy for metastatic lung cancer. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a strong positive Pandy reaction with 435 mg/dl total protein. The electromyography and the electroneuronography established the diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating po…
The Management of Dental Practices in the Post-COVID 19 Era: An Economic and Operational Perspective
2020
Background: In order to protect dental teams and their patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, dentists have had to adopt several measures (operating and post-operating procedures) which may increase the total treatment time and costs relating to individual protective measures. This paper will propose a thorough analysis of operating dentistry procedures, comparing the economic performance of the activity in a dental surgery before and after the adoption of these protective measures, which are required to contain the risk of SARS-COV-2 infections. Methods: The economic analysis is articulated in three approaches. Firstly, it assesses a reduction in markup by maintaining current charges (A)