Search results for "Toxication"
showing 10 items of 57 documents
Prowadzenie pojazdu mechanicznego w stanie po użyciu alkoholu lub w stanie nietrzeźwości : zagadnienia wybrane
2015
Detoxication Strategy of Epoxide Hydrolase—The Basis for a Novel Threshold for Definable Genotoxic Carcinogens
2004
From our recent work on the three-dimensional structure of epoxide hydrolases we theoretically deduced the likelihood of a two-step catalytic mechanism that we and others have subsequently experimentally confirmed. Analysis of the rate of the two steps by us and by others show that the first step—responsible for removal of the reactive epoxide from the system—works extraordinarily fast (typically three orders of magnitude faster than the second step), sucking up the epoxide like a sponge. Regeneration of the free enzyme (the second step of the catalytic mechanism) is slow. This becomes a toxicological problem only at doses of the epoxide that titrate the enzyme out. Our genotoxicity work s…
A newin vitroapproach for the simultaneous determination of phase I and phase II enzymatic activities of human hepatocyte preparations
2007
Primary hepatocytes are still the best qualified in vitro system to anticipate drug metabolism in man. Recent advances in hepatocytes cryopreservation have notably increased their use not only for drug metabolism studies, but also for other applications such as cell transplantation. Evaluation of the drug-metabolizing competence of each hepatocytes preparation is needed. To date, the metabolic characterization of hepatocytes preparations relies on the assessment of phase I activities and the role of phase II enzymes receives little attention. A novel approach for the rapid assessment of the metabolic functionality of hepatocytes has been developed. A five-probe cocktail was used to simultan…
Rational Species Extrapolation of Toxic Effects
1994
One of the main problems in toxicology and pharmacology is the extrapolation from one species to another, particularly from laboratory animals to man or in ecotoxicology from laboratory animals to free living species. Many toxicological data were raised only in one or a few species of laboratory animals. In the last decades more and more experimental data were obtained from in vitro-systems. Therefore extrapolations from in vitro to in vivo and from species to species are required. Species differences in uptake, distribution, metabolism, site of action, elimination and accumulation have to be taken into account. Most foreign compounds are metabolically transformed by diverse xenobiotica met…
Detoxication and toxication of foreign compounds
1984
A Forensic Diagnostic Algorithm for Drug-Related Deaths: A Case Series
2022
The best evidence provided in the literature worldwide suggests the importance of harmonizing the investigation in drug-related fatalities. In this study, the application of a multidisciplinary approach in eight cases of drug-related deaths is presented. Although death scene findings could be highly suggestive of drug intoxication, external examination and toxicological screening test alone are insufficient. There are several variables, and it is not always easy to give the proper interpretation of the drug detection. A complete autopsy is necessary to correctly complete organ and tissues sampling for further histological and toxicological studies and obtain body fluids. The use of peripher…
Dzelzceļa letālo traumu rašanās mehānismi un morfoloģija
2020
Ievads: Visā pasaulē viens no noteicošajiem faktoriem, spriežot par valsts labklājību, ir konkrētas pilsētas un valsts transporta sistēmas iespējas. Latvijā pēdējā laikā ātri attīstās un pilnveidojas sliežu transporta iespējas, līdz ar to dzelzceļa transportlīdzekļu radīto traumu risks var pieaugt. Latvijā dzelzceļā iegūtas traumas atrodas otrajā vietā aiz autotraumām transporta traumu grupā. Periodā no 01.01.2010 līdz 01.01.2019 Rīgās, Rīgas rajona, Ogres un Jūrmalas teritorijā tika reģīstrētas 94 uz dzelzceļā iegūtas traumas ar letālo iznākumu. Darba mērķi: Noteikt dzelzceļa letālo traumu ietekmējošos riska faktorus traumas gūšanas brīdī; noteikt dzimuma un vecuma grupu sadalījumu dzelzce…
Accidental poisoning with Aconitum: Case report and review of the literature
2020
Abstract Aconitine intoxication by ingestion of Aconitum roots can lead to ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest and provides an example of the potential effect of self‐medication. Educational campaigns should be implemented to contain acute intoxications caused by herbal‐derived products.
The role of lactate besides the lactic acidosis
2013
Lactic acidosis (LA) is the most common form of metabolic acidosis defined by values of lactate greater than 5 mmol / l and by a pH <7.34. The pathogenesis of LA involves hypoxic (type A) and non hypoxic (type B) causes which are often coexisting. Lactic acidosis is usual in hospitalized population especially in subjects in intensive care units, in which lactate levels on admission could be predictors of mortality even in the absence of organ dysfunction or shock. The outcome is mainly dependent on the cardiovascular effects of acidosis. In subjects with cardiogenic shock, the increased lactate/pyruvate ratio, detectable at onset, is correladed with mortality. An early assessment of blood a…