Search results for "Transferase"

showing 10 items of 1030 documents

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of native and selenomethionyl vinorine synthase from Rauvolfia serpentina.

2005

Vinorine synthase (VS) is a central enzyme of the biosynthesis of the antiarrhythmic drug ajmaline and is a member of the BAHD superfamily of acyltransferases. So far, no three-dimensional structure with significant sequence homology with VS is known. Crystals of VS and selenomethionyl-labelled VS from the medicinal plant Rauvolfia serpentina have been obtained by the hanging-drop technique at 305 K with ammonium sulfate and PEG 400 as precipitants. VS crystals diffract to 2.8 Å and belong to space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 82.3, b = 89.6, c = 136.2 Å. The selenomethionyl VS crystal was nearly isomorphous with the VS crystal.

StereochemistryCrystallography X-RayRauwolfialaw.inventionIndole AlkaloidsLigaseschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesisStructural BiologylawRauvolfia serpentinamedicineCrystallizationSelenomethioninePlant ProteinsPEG 400chemistry.chemical_classificationATP synthasebiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAjmalineEnzymechemistryAcyltransferasesbiology.proteinCrystallizationmedicine.drugActa crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography
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Differential Enantioselectivity of Murine GlutathioneS-Transferase Isoenzymes in the Glutathione Conjugation ofTrans-3,4-dihydroxy-1,2-oxy- 1,2,3,4-t…

1998

Abstract The kinetics of the glutathione (GSH) conjugation of (+)- and (−)-enantiomers ofanti- as well assyn-3,4-dihydroxy-1,2-oxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[c]phenanthrene (B[c]PDE) catalyzed by murine GSHS-transferase (GST) isoenzymes has been investigated. Murine GSTs exhibited significant differences in their enantioselectivity toward B[c]PDE stereoisomers. For example, while pi class isoenzyme mGSTP1-1 was virtually inactive toward stereoisomers with 1Sconfiguration [(−)-syn-and (+)-anti-B[c]PDE], these stereoisomers were good substrates for alpha class isoenzyme mGSTA1-2. When GST activity was measured as a function of varying B[c]PDE concentration (10–320 μM) at a fixed saturating conce…

StereochemistryKineticsBiophysicsAlpha (ethology)BiochemistryIsozymeCatalysisSubstrate SpecificityMicechemistry.chemical_compoundPiAnimalsheterocyclic compoundsMolecular BiologyCarcinogenGlutathione TransferaseStereoisomerismGlutathionePhenanthrenesPhenanthrenemusculoskeletal systemGlutathioneCarcinogens EnvironmentalIsoenzymesKineticschemistrysense organsEnantiomerArchives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
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Sulfotransferase-mediated mutagenicity of 1-hydroxymethylpyrene and 4H-cyclopenta[def]chrysen-4-ol and its enhancement by chloride anions.

1993

1-Hydroxymethylpyrene (HMP), a primary benzylic alcohol, and 4H-cyclopenta[def]chrysen-4-ol (OH-CPC), a secondary benzylic alcohol, were investigated for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium (reversion of the his- strain TA98) in the presence of various xenobiotic-metabolizing systems. In the direct test, HMP was inactive and OH-CPC was very weakly active. In the presence of NADPH-fortified postmitochondrial fraction from rat liver (S9/NADPH), no activation of OH-CPC was observed, whereas strong mutagenic effects were elicited by HMP. In the presence of cytosol and 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), both alcohols were activated to potent mutagens. For equal mutagenic effects, a…

Substitution reactionchemistry.chemical_classificationChryseneSalmonella typhimuriumCancer ResearchSulfotransferaseEthanolPyrenesChemistryMutagenicity TestsMutagenGeneral Medicinemedicine.disease_causeMedicinal chemistryChrysenesPotassium ChlorideCytosolchemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymeBiochemistryElectrophilemedicineNADPCarcinogenesis
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A novel and simple method for the purification of extracellular levansucrase from Zymomonas mobilis.

2003

A new and simple method for the purification of extracellular levansucrase from Zymomonas mobilis from highly viscous fermentation broth was developed. After incubation of the fermentation broth with a fructose-polymer cleaving enzyme preparation (Fructozyme, Novozymes, DK) for 48 h, levansucrase precipitated as aggregates and was redissolved in a 3 M urea solution. By ongoing size-exclusion chromatography on Sephacryl S-300 the final levansucrase preparation was purified 100-fold and exhibited a specific activity of 25-35 U/mg(protein). The levansucrase was stable in 3 M urea solution for at least four months without inactivation. To maximize the enzyme yield the dynamic changes of extrace…

SucroseLevansucrase activityCentrifugationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyZymomonas mobilischemistry.chemical_compoundExtracellularChemical PrecipitationUreaPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresischemistry.chemical_classificationZymomonasChromatographybiologyViscosityLevansucraseGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaFructansMolecular WeightEnzymechemistryBiochemistryHexosyltransferasesSolubilityFermentationUreaChromatography GelFermentationElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelCurrent microbiology
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Spatial analysis of plant metabolism: Sucrose imaging within Vicia faba cotyledons reveals specific developmental patterns

2002

During legume embryogenesis the differentiation of the cotyledons proceeds gradually in a wave-like manner. The process is metabolically and genetically controlled and regulated by sugars. In order to perform a spatial and temporal analysis of the sugar distribution pattern a new method was developed to specifically measure sucrose directly in tissues via bioluminescence and single photon counting. This enabled a quantitative sucrose imaging with a resolution close to the single cell level. The procedure was applied on sections of Vicia faba cotyledons covering the main stages of histodifferentiation. Young embryos before the storage phase contained moderate levels of sucrose, which were ev…

SucroseSucrosefood.ingredientLightStarchGlucose-1-Phosphate AdenylyltransferasePlant ScienceBiologyCarbohydrate metabolismPlant Epidermischemistry.chemical_compoundfoodGeneticsSugarCell SizePlant ProteinsMembrane Transport Proteinsfood and beveragesCell DifferentiationFabaceaeStarchCell BiologyCarbohydrateNucleotidyltransferasesVicia fabachemistryBiochemistryGlucosyltransferasesLuminescent MeasurementsSeedsbiology.proteinCarbohydrate MetabolismSucrose synthaseCotyledonSignal TransductionThe Plant Journal
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Incorporation of ATP synthetase into long-term stable liposomes of a polymerizable synthetic sulfolipid

1981

SulfolipidPolymersUltraviolet RaysLipid BilayersBiophysicsRhodospirillum rubrumModels BiologicalBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMultienzyme ComplexesStructural BiologyGeneticsFreeze FracturingMolecular BiologyLiposomeATP synthasebiologyChemistryPhosphotransferasesCell BiologySulfuric AcidsLipidsATP Synthetase ComplexesAdenosine DiphosphateEnzyme ActivationMicroscopy ElectronBiochemistryLiposomesbiology.proteinFEBS Letters
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Dependency of the in vitro stabilization of differentiated functions in liver parenchymal cells on the type of cell line used for co-culture.

1992

The differentiation status in cultures of primary rat liver parenchymal cells was determined by measuring the activities of various xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Most enzyme activities dropped rather rapidly in monocultures of parenchymal cells. The protein content and the activities of cytosolic epoxide hydrolase, glutathione S-transferase, and alpha-naphthol UDP-glucuronosyl transferase were, however, well stabilized in 7-day-old co-cultures of parenchymal cells with two different lines of rat liver nonparenchymal epithelial cells (NEC1 and NEC2). Phenol sulfotransferase and microsomal epoxide hydrolase activity were reduced in this coculture system after 7 days to about 30 and 20% of …

SulfotransferaseClinical BiochemistryBiologyCell LineXenobioticschemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsGlutathione transferase activityGlucuronosyltransferaseEpoxide hydrolaseCells CulturedGlutathione TransferaseEpoxide HydrolasesProteinsCell DifferentiationCell BiologyGeneral MedicineGlutathioneArylsulfotransferaseRatsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryLiverCell cultureMicrosomal epoxide hydrolaseHepatocyteStem cellDevelopmental BiologyIn vitro cellulardevelopmental biology : journal of the Tissue Culture Association
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Phylogenetic analysis of the thiolase family. Implications for the evolutionary origin of peroxisomes

1992

The thiolase family is a widespread group of proteins present in prokaryotes and three cellular compartments of eukaryotes. This fact makes this family interesting in order to study the evolutionary process of eukaryotes. Using the sequence of peroxisomal thiolase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae recently obtained by us and the other known thiolase sequences, a phylogenetic analysis has been carried out. It shows that all these proteins derived from a primitive enzyme, present in the common ancestor of eubacteria and eukaryotes, which evolved into different specialized thiolases confined to various cell compartments. The evolutionary tree obtained is compatible with the endosymbiotic theory fo…

SymbiogenesisMolecular Sequence DataSequence alignmentSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyMicrobodiesHomology (biology)PhylogeneticsMolecular evolutionGeneticsAmino Acid SequenceAcetyl-CoA C-AcetyltransferaseSymbiosisThiolaseMolecular BiologyGenePhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeneticsPhylogenetic treeThiolasePeroxisome evolutionBiological EvolutionEvolutionary biologyBootstrap analysisSequence Alignment
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The Saccharomyces cerevisiae flavodoxin-like proteins Ycp4 and Rfs1 play a role in stress response and in the regulation of genes related to metaboli…

2011

SPI1 is a gene whose expression responds to many environmental stimuli, including entry into stationary phase. We have performed a screening to identify genes that activate SPI1 promoter when overexpressed. The phosphatidylinositol- 4-phosphate 5-kinase gene MSS4 was identified as a positive activator of SPI1. Another SPI1 transcriptional regulator isolated was the flavodoxin-like gene YCP4. YCP4 and its homolog RFS1 regulate the expression of many genes during the late stages of growth. The double deletion mutant in YCP4 and its homolog RFS1 has an impact on gene expression related to metabolism by increasing the expression of genes involved in hexose transport and glycolysis, and decreasi…

TBX1Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Genes FungalFlavodoxinSaccharomyces cerevisiae[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyBiologyBiochemistryMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesGene Expression Regulation FungalGene expressionGeneticsTranscriptional regulationPromoter Regions GeneticMolecular BiologyGeneHexose transportComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biologyOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisGenetics0303 health sciencesSPI1Membrane GlycoproteinsActivator (genetics)Gene Expression Profiling030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyRNA FungalGeneral Medicine3. Good healthOxidative StressPhosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)FermentationMutationTranslational elongation
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Differential mode of inhibition of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase by 3′-dATP, ATP, βaraATP and αaraATP

1978

TUNEL assayArabinonucleotidesChemistryBiophysicsThymus GlandCell BiologyBiochemistryMolecular biologyStructure-Activity RelationshipAdenosine TriphosphateDeoxyadenine NucleotidesTerminal deoxynucleotidyl transferaseDNA NucleotidylexotransferaseStructural BiologyDNA NucleotidyltransferasesGeneticsAnimalsCattleMolecular BiologyDifferential (mathematics)FEBS Letters
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