Search results for "Translation"
showing 10 items of 1324 documents
Standartizācija kā līdzeklis tulkošanas pakalpojumu kvalitātes uzlabošanai
2015
Šī darba pētījuma objekts ir standarti, kuri attiecas uz tulkošanas nozari. Šī darba mērķis ir analizēt to lomu tulkošanas pakalpojumu kvalitātes uzlabošanas procesā. Eiropas Savienības standarts EN 15038 "Tulkošanas pakalpojumi. Pakalpojumu kvalitātes prasības" ir pirmais Eiropas tulkošanas pakalpojumu nozares standarts. Standarts ietver tulkošanas procesu un visus citus attiecīgos aspektus, kuri ir iesaistīti tulkošanas pakalpojumu sniegšanā, ekstralingvistiskajā un intralingvistiskajā līmenī. Teorētiskajā daļā ir izskatīta kvalitātes jēdziena definīcija un tās svarīgums uzņēmējdarbībā. Autors pēta standartizācijas procesu un tā sniegto labumu. Darbā uzmanība ir pievērsta arī tulkojuma kv…
Zum Spannungsverhältnis zwischen ästhetischen und linguistischen Qualitätskriterien literarischer Übersetzungen
2017
Today, literary translation occupies a special place in the translation theory, despite the fact that some researchers consider the dichotomous division within the discipline into literary and non-literary texts as resolved and unjustified. This article is an attempt to present a breakdown of selected aesthetic and linguistic criteria for the quality assessment of literary translations in order to consider, on this basis, the validity of the interdisciplinary approach to the criticism of translation of literary texts. The analysis is focused in particular on the translation quality parameters established by Sigrid Kupsch-Losereit. It is then followed by the reflection on the possibilities t…
Posttranslational processing of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (human fetuin). Evidence for the production of a phosphorylated single-chain form by he…
1994
alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (alpha 2-HS) is a major protein occurring in human blood and calciferous tissues. Due to extensive sequence identity, alpha 2-HS has been grouped with the fetuins, a family of proteins that occur in fetal plasma in high concentrations. Native alpha 2-HS undergoes a series of posttranslational modifications including proteolytic processing, multiple N-glycosylations and O-glycosylations, and sulfation of the carbohydrate side chains. Various two-chain forms of alpha 2-HS have been prepared from human plasma, however, the single-chain precursor has not yet been isolated. Here, we have studied the biosynthesis of alpha 2-HS by a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2. We demon…
Chemical Strategies for the Synthesis of Protein–Polymer Conjugates
2012
Protein-polymer conjugates have achieved tremendous attention in the last few years. The synergistic combination of properties has led to certain advantages in bio-applications. Over the past few years, numerous chemical strategies have been developed to conjugate different synthetic polymers onto proteins, most of which can be summarized within the scope of click-chemistry. Here we highlight conjugation strategies based on available functional groups present on the synthetic polymer and existing groups of proteins from the natural pool. In particular, the chapter organizes the various possible reactions by classes of functional groups present on protein surfaces, deriving from selected ami…
Hypusinated eIF5A is required for the translation of collagen.
2021
ABSTRACT Translation of mRNAs that encode peptide sequences with consecutive prolines (polyproline) requires the conserved and essential elongation factor eIF5A to facilitate the formation of peptide bonds. It has been shown that, upon eIF5A depletion, yeast ribosomes stall in polyproline motifs, but also in tripeptide sequences that combine proline with glycine and charged amino acids. Mammalian collagens are enriched in putative eIF5A-dependent Pro-Gly-containing tripeptides. Here, we show that depletion of active eIF5A in mouse fibroblasts reduced collagen type I α1 chain (Col1a1) content, which concentrated around the nuclei. Moreover, it provoked the upregulation of endoplasmic reticul…
C-Glycosyl amino acids through hydroboration-cross-coupling of exo-glycals and their application in automated solid-phase synthesis.
2013
O-Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications of proteins. The attachment of carbohydrates to the peptide backbone influences the conformation as well as the solubility of the conjugates and can even be essential for binding to specific ligands in cell-cell interactions or for active transport over membranes. This makes glycopeptides an interesting class of compounds for medical applications. To enhance the long-term availability of these molecules in vivo, the stabilization of the glycosidic bond between the amino acid residue and the carbohydrate is of interest. The described modular approach affords β-linked C-glycosyl amino acids by a sequence of Petasis …
1977
Prebiotic polypeptides and the origin of biological information.
1983
Recent data on the origin of biological information are reviewed. These data corroborate the view that polyamino acids were the first informational polymers. The source of information is seen in the chemical reactivity of amino acids, their prebiotic abundance and the prebiotic environment. Evidence is presented in favor of Matsuno's protohypercycle that may have preceded Eigen's hypercycle, but that involves a translation of information from polypeptides into that of polynucleotides.
Translational adaptation to heat stress is mediated by 5-methylcytosine RNA modification in Caenorhabditis elegans
2020
ABSTRACTMethylation of carbon-5 of cytosines (m5C) is a post-transcriptional nucleotide modification of RNA found in all kingdoms of life. While individual m5C-methyltransferases have been studied, the impact of the global cytosine-5 methylome on development, homeostasis and stress remains unknown. Here, usingCaenorhabditis elegans, we generated the first organism devoid of m5C in RNA, demonstrating that this modification is non-essential. We determined the localisation and enzymatic specificity of m5C sites in RNAin vivoand showed that animals devoid of m5C are sensitive to temperature stress. At the molecular level, we showed that loss of m5C specifically impacts decoding of leucine and p…