Search results for "Trees"

Innovative techniques to reduce chilling injuries in mango (Mangifera Indica L.) trees under mediterranean climate

2017

As a tropical tree, mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivated in Mediterranean climate needs protection against low temperatures. The aim of this work is to study the effect of traditional individual protective canopy protection systems in comparison with innovative typologies designed for this experiment on the physiological response of young mango trees during the cold season. We selected 25 four-year-old mango trees cv ‘Glenn’. Trees were divided into five different groups: not covered trees (NC); trees with windbreak protection using a shading net (SN); trees with windbreak protection using non-woven sheets (WB); fully covered trees using non-woven sheets (FC); fully covered trees with non…

Fruit Trees and Bushes as a Biodiversity Element in the “Górażdże” Quarry Reclaimed Areas

2019

The assumption of biological land reclamation in the forest direction is to introduce trees and shrubs on the reclaimed area so as to bring it as close as possible to the natural state based on the species characteristic for forest communities. While assessing the concept of biodiversity resulting from the naturalistic approach to the forest as a timeless good, it is necessary to take into account the diversity of plantings used and their multifunctionality. One of the functions is to designate crops for utility purposes, by creating a natural undergrowth, birdhouses, forest fringe plantings and enclaves of edible fruit plants. As part of the research, implementing the biodiversity of midfo…

Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) to the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients.

2007

The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) has been used for the safety assessment of packaging migrants and flavouring agents that occur in food. The approach compares the estimated oral intake with a TTC value derived from chronic oral toxicity data for structurally-related compounds. Application of the TTC approach to cosmetic ingredients and impurities requires consideration of whether route-dependent differences in first-pass metabolism could affect the applicability of TTC values derived from oral data to the topical route. The physicochemical characteristics of the chemical and the pattern of cosmetic use would affect the long-term average internal dose that is compared with the re…

Cost-effectiveness analysis of robot-assisted vs. open partial nephrectomy

2017

Background The cost-effectiveness of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) vs. the open procedure is not established. Methods We estimated in-hospital complications and the cost of RAPN vs. open partial nephrectomy (OPN) using an economic model. Costs incurred both intraoperatively and in hospital were considered. US data were extracted from existing literature. Results Mean in-hospital costs were $14,824 (95% CI $13,368-$16,898) for RAPN and $15,094 (95% CI $13,491-$17,140) for OPN. Complications after RAPN occurred in 23.3% (95% CI 20.0-25.8%) and after OPN in 36.1% (95% CI 35.6-36.6%) of the patients. In a sensitivity analysis, limited centre experience was associated with relevant i…

Chondrocostal grafting for lateral osteochondral injury of the metacarpal head

2020

Abstract Osteochondral injuries of the metacarpal head require anatomical restoration to prevent limitations in range of motion and osteoarthritis. Osteochondral bone grafting is a viable option, especially in younger patients. Central injuries allow for different types of grafting, but when the injured area is on the lateral portion of the metacarpal head, the graft must include both a cortical and a cartilaginous portion. We present here the pearls and pitfalls in the surgical technique of chondrocostal grating from the 6th rib and an example of its use within a case of comminuted fracture of the metacarpal head. This technique provides a graft with cortical bone that allows for a stable …

Oral leukoplakia: the ongoing discussion on definition and terminology

2015

In the past decades several definitions of oral leukoplakia have been proposed, the last one, being authorized by the World Health Organization (WHO), dating from 2005. In the present treatise an adjustment of that definition and the 1978 WHO definition is suggested, being : “A predominantly white patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disorder; oral leukoplakia carries an increased risk of cancer development either in or close to the area of the leukoplakia or elsewhere in the oral cavity or the head-and-neck region”. Furthermore, the use of strict diagnostic criteria is recommended for predominantly white lesions for which a causative factor…

Learning from experience. Proposal of a refined definition and staging system for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)

2012

Dear Editor, It is the authors’ belief that the internationally accepted definition of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) (Ruggiero et al, 2009) has several limitations that prevent clinicians from being confident with the diagnosis of the disease. Following recognition of the non-exposed BRONJ clinical variant (Lazarovici et al, 2009), we all became aware that the presence of ‘exposed necrotic bone in the oral cavity’, as outlined in the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (AAOMS) case definition, is just one of the possible clinical manifestations of BRONJ and is not found in all BRONJ patients. As ‘bone exposure’ is certainly not the initial sign …

Impella CP in cardiogenic shock due to acute myocardial infarction: From primary angioplasty to LIMA-LAD grafting.

2021

Maintenance therapy in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

2005

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a chronic condition. Symptom control and the maintenance of healing of erosive oesophagitis, if present, are important topics. In patients responding to a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and showing no treatment symptoms it is appropriate to consider long-term treatment strategies, whether continuous, intermittent or on demand. Maintenance PPI therapy is well tolerated for up to 10 years of continuous use. Furthermore, tachyphylaxis does not occur during long-term maintenance PPI therapy. Previous concerns about risks of long-term PPI therapy in Heliobacter pylori-negative or H. pylori-positive patients have not materialized, while no cases of intesti…

Recursion at the crossroads of sequence modeling, random trees, stochastic algorithms and martingales

2013

This monograph synthesizes several studies spanning from dynamical systems in the statistical analysis of sequences, to analysis of algorithms in random trees and discrete stochastic processes. These works find applications in various fields ranging from biological sequences to linear regression models, branching processes, through functional statistics and estimates of risk indicators for insurances. All the established results use, in one way or another, the recursive property of the structure under study, by highlighting invariants such as martingales, which are at the heart of this monograph, as tools as well as objects of study.