Search results for "Tropic"

Rickettsia typhi and Haemophagocytic Syndrome

2017

Appropriate therapy (dexamethasone, cyclosporin, and etoposide) could save the patient in those cases in which the pathogen-direct therapy has not been sufficient by itself to control the disease.

Lessons learnt from TB screening in closed immigration centres in Italy

2016

Background Between June 2012 and December 2013 Médecins Sans Frontières launched a pilot project with the aim of testing a strategy for improving timely diagnosis of active pulmonary TB among migrants hosted in four centres of identification and expulsion (CIE) in Italy. Methods This is a descriptive study. For active TB case finding we used an active symptom screening approach among migrants at admission in four CIE's. Here we describe the feasibility and the yield of this programme. Results Overall, 3588 migrants were screened, among whom 87 (2.4%) had a positive questionnaire. Out of 30 migrants referred for further investigations, three were diagnosed as having TB, or 0.1% out of 3588 i…

Effect of serotonin uptake inhibition by zimelidine on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity

1983

Plasma ACTH levels after oral ingestion of 2 g metyrapone at 24.00 hours in six healthy subjects were higher after pretreatment with zimelidine (300 mg) in comparison to placebo. Since zimelidine is a relatively selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor its action on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity suggests that serotonin is a potent stimulator of ACTH release. The ratio of cortisol to 11-deoxycortisol was taken as a measure of 11-hydroxylase activity, which indicates biological activity of secreted ACTH. These cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratios were significantly increased after zimelidine treatment, when compared to placebo. Both the ACTH response and the cortisol/11-deoxycortiso…

Adrenal morphology and function in acromegalic patients in relation to disease activity.

2009

Visceromegaly is a common consequence of acromegaly. However, few studies investigated the chronic effects of growth hormone on adrenal glands. Our aim was to evaluate adrenal morphology and function in a cohort of acromegalic patients in relation to disease activity. Twenty-six acromegalics (10 males and 16 females) and 21 healthy subjects were investigated. Gland morphology was evaluated by computerized axial tomography, measuring central, lateral, and medial adrenal segments. Uncontrolled acromegalics showed increased volume of all adrenal segments, higher urinary free cortisol (UFC), and lower morning adrenocorticotropic hormone in comparison with healthy subjects. However, normal corti…

Israeli Spotted Fever in Sicily. Description of two cases and minireview

2017

Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is endemic in Italy, where Rickettsia conorii subsp. conorii was thought to be the only pathogenic rickettsia and Rhipicephalus sanguineus the vector and main reservoir. R. conorii subsp. israelensis, which belongs to the R. conorii complex, is the agent of Israeli spotted fever (ISF); apart from Israel, it has also been found in Italy (Sicily and Sardinia) and in different regions of Portugal. We describe here two severe cases of ISF which occurred in otherwise healthy Italian adults. Their characteristics are analyzed and discussed in the light of other 91 cases found through a systematic review of international literature.

Transfusional Hemochromatosis: Quantitative Relation of MR Imaging Pituitary Signal Intensity Reduction to Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

2000

To assess the relationship between magnetic resonance (MR) imaging pituitary signal intensity reduction in patients with transfusional hemochromatosis and the clinical manifestation of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.Pituitary MR imaging at 0.5 T was performed in 38 consecutive patients affected by secondary hemochromatosis and in 20 healthy volunteers. Serum ferritin levels were estimated in the affected population. Twenty (53%) of the 38 patients had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism diagnosed. Pituitary-to-fat signal intensity ratios were calculated from coronal gradient-echo (GRE) T2*-weighted MR images. The relationship between the quantitative reduction of the pituitary-to-fat signal intens…

Sequential treatment of ADHD in mother and child (AIMAC study): importance of the treatment phases for intervention success in a randomized trial

2018

Abstract Background The efficacy of parent-child training (PCT) regarding child symptoms may be reduced if the mother has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The AIMAC study (ADHD in Mothers and Children) aimed to compensate for the deteriorating effect of parental psychopathology by treating the mother (Step 1) before the beginning of PCT (Step 2). This secondary analysis was particularly concerned with the additional effect of the Step 2 PCT on child symptoms after the Step 1 treatment. Methods The analysis included 143 mothers and children (aged 6–12 years) both diagnosed with ADHD. The study design was a two-stage, two-arm parallel group trial (Step 1 treatment group [TG]: …

Cumyl-PEGACLONE: A comparatively safe new synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist entering the NPS market?

2018

Experience of Psychotropic Medication -An Interview Study of Persons with Psychosis.

2016

Psychotropic drugs, particularly antipsychotic types, are a cornerstone of the treatment of people with psychosis. Despite numerous studies showing that drug treatment with psychotropic drugs initially alleviates psychiatric symptoms, the proportion of people with mental health problems and symptoms that do not follow doctors' prescriptions, thus exhibiting so-called non-adherence, is considerable. Non-adherence is predominantly seen as a clinical feature and as a patient characteristic that is especially due to patients' poor understanding that they are ill. There is also a widespread notion that non-adherence is of great disadvantage to the patient. This article is based on interviews wit…

Impact of Ebola outbreak on reproductive health services in a rural district of Sierra Leone: a prospective observational study

2019

ObjectivesTo assess the trends concerning utilisation of maternal and child health (MCH) services before, during and after the Ebola outbreak, quantifying the contribution of a reorganised referral system (RS).DesignA prospective observational study of MCH services.SettingPujehun district in Sierra Leone, 77 community health facilities and 1 hospital from 2012 to 2017.Main outcome measuresMCH utililization was evaluated by assessing: (1) institutional deliveries, Cesarean-sections, paediatric and maternity admissions and deaths, and major direct obstetric complications (MDOCs), at hospital level; (2) antenatal care (ANC) 1 and 4, institutional delivery and family planning, at community leve…