Search results for "Truth"

showing 10 items of 190 documents

The Elephant in the Machine: Proposing a New Metric of Data Reliability and its Application to a Medical Case to Assess Classification Reliability

2020

In this paper, we present and discuss a novel reliability metric to quantify the extent a ground truth, generated in multi-rater settings, as a reliable basis for the training and validation of machine learning predictive models. To define this metric, three dimensions are taken into account: agreement (that is, how much a group of raters mutually agree on a single case)

Computer sciencekneeMachine learningcomputer.software_genrelcsh:TechnologyTask (project management)lcsh:Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesMagnetic resonance imaging0302 clinical medicine0504 sociologyGeneral Materials Science030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:QH301-705.5InstrumentationCompetence (human resources)MRNetReliability (statistics)Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesGround truthreliabilityBasis (linear algebra)Point (typography)lcsh:Tbusiness.industryComputer Science::Information RetrievalProcess Chemistry and Technology05 social sciencesGeneral Engineering050401 social sciences methodslcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsInter-rater reliabilitymachine learninglcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040inter-rater agreementArtificial intelligenceMetric (unit)lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)businessground truthcomputerlcsh:PhysicsApplied Sciences
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Evaluation of the registration of temporal series of contrast-enhanced perfusion magnetic resonance 3D images of the liver.

2011

The registration of 2D and 3D images is one of the key tasks in medical image processing and analysis. Accurate registration is a crucial preprocessing step for many tasks; consequently, the evaluation of its accuracy becomes necessary. Unfortunately, this is a difficult task, especially when no golden pattern (true result) is available and when the signal values may have changed between successive images to be registered. This is the case this paper deals with: we have a series of 3D images, magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the liver and adjacent areas that have to be registered. They have been taken while a contrast is diffused through the liver tissue, so intensity of each observed poi…

Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectContrast MediaHealth InformaticsImage processingImaging Three-DimensionalLiver tissuemedicineContrast (vision)HumansComputer visionPoint (geometry)media_commonGround truthmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryProcess (computing)Magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputer Science ApplicationsLiverArtificial intelligencebusinessPerfusionSoftwareAlgorithmsComputer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging in the Diffusion Imaging in Python Project

2021

ABSTRACTDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) measurements and models provide information about brain connectivity and are sensitive to the physical properties of tissue microstructure. Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) quantifies the degree of non-Gaussian diffusion in biological tissue from dMRI. These estimates are of interest because they were shown to be more sensitive to microstructural alterations in health and diseases than measures based on the total anisotropy of diffusion which are highly confounded by tissue dispersion and fiber crossings. In this work, we implemented DKI in the Diffusion in Python (DIPY) project - a large collaborative open-source project which …

Computer scienceopen-source softwaremicrostructureNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryGrey matter030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingWhite matterdiffusion MRI03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinebiophysicsmedicineTechnology and CodeReference implementationDiffusion (business)DKIBiological Psychiatrycomputer.programming_languageGround truthmedicine.diagnostic_testMagnetic resonance imagingHuman NeuroscienceBiological tissueInvariant (physics)Python (programming language)Characterization (materials science)pythonDiffusion imagingPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyDTIKurtosisAlgorithmcomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRC321-571MRITractographyDiffusion MRIFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Knowledge and Mistakes

2015

This chapter is about how we attain knowledge, and how we fail to do so. I argue that a true thought counts as a piece of knowledge if and only if it has the right sort of causal history. I also argue that these so-called cognitive thoughts are the criteria of truth in the sense that they are guaranteed to be true and able to guarantee the truth of that which can be inferred from them. So I argue that there are three kinds of knowledge, namely the information conveyed by our senses, the information contained in our preconceptions and the conclusions that can be inferred from our sense-perceptions and our preconceptions. I then argue that we fail to attain knowledge if we assent to a thought…

Consistency testIf and only ifsortCognitionCriteria of truthPsychologyEpistemology
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Reliable Planar Object Pose Estimation in Light Fields From Best Subaperture Camera Pairs

2018

International audience; A light-field camera can obtain richer information about a scene than a usual camera. This property offers a lot of potential for robot vision. In this paper, we present a method for pose estimation of a planar object with a light-field camera. The light-field camera can be regarded as a set of sub-aperture cameras. Although any combination of them can theoretically be used for the pose estimation, the accuracy depends on the combination. We show that the estimated pose error can be reduced by selecting the best pair of sub-aperture cameras. We have evaluated the accuracy of our approach with real experiments using a light-field camera in front of planar targets held…

Control and OptimizationComputer scienceProperty (programming)Biomedical EngineeringComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONSet (abstract data type)PlanarArtificial Intelligence[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Computer visionPoseComputer Science::DatabasesGround truthbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]16. Peace & justiceObject (computer science)Computer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionControl and Systems EngineeringComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusiness
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Tra ambiguità e malinteso: schermaglie di una «battaglia per l’identità» in una conversazione tra mafiosi

2015

Gli scambi comunicativi tra membri di Cosa Nostra sono regolati dalla duplice restrizione della legge del silenzio verso il mondo esterno e dall'obbligo di dire la verità all'interno del sodalizio. A tal fine, il linguaggio mafioso ricorre all’obliquità semantica che fornisce ai parlanti un ampio margine di libertà consentendo loro di non esplicitare le proprie reali intenzioni. È questa la ragione per la quale Tommaso Buscetta ha definito Cosa Nostra come "il regno dei discorsi incompleti". L'ordine del discorso mafioso si basa spesso sulla pratica di quello che Jankélévitch ha definito il "malinteso doppiamente beninteso” uno scambio che si fonda non tanto su una falsa relazione quanto su…

Cosa Nostra Mafia Communication’s Power Ambiguity Self-representation Judicial Truth Gaspare Saptuzza Filippo GravianoSettore SPS/08 - Sociologia Dei Processi Culturali E ComunicativiSettore SPS/12 - Sociologia Giuridica Della Devianza E Mutamento SocialeCosa Nostra violenza simbolica ambiguità semantica rappresentazione del sé verità giudiziaria Gaspare Saptuzza Filippo Graviano
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Science and art from a transevolutionary perspective

2018

From its origins, the human species has manipulated not only the real world but also the figurative one. While that manipulative action of the human species over both worlds was critical for the survival of the species in the beginning of its evolution -now transevolution-, it is also true that in the subsequent culture those worlds have been approached by two trades with highly different conceptual bases, science and art. In this paper I hold the thesis that both trades are necessary to know how to be in the world as well as how to transform it in an appropriate way.

Cultural StudiesCienciaSociology and Political SciencetruthSurvival of the fittestSciencerevealingtransevoluciónLiteral and figurative languageGeneral WorkstransformacióntransevolutionarteAmanipulaciónartdesocultamientoGeneral Arts and HumanitiesPhilosophytransformationAction (philosophy)manipulationverdadHuman speciesHumanitiesKnow-howArbor: Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura
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"One original thought is worth a thousand quotings" - some reflections on the age of metadata analysis

2014

Data-base syntaxonomy truth perception
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Exudate-based diabetic macular edema detection in fundus images using publicly available datasets

2010

International audience; Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common vision threatening complication of diabetic retinopathy. In a large scale screening environment DME can be assessed by detecting exudates (a type of bright lesions) in fundus images. In this work, we introduce a new methodology for diagnosis of DME using a novel set of features based on colour, wavelet decomposition and automatic lesion segmentation. These features are employed to train a classifier able to automatically diagnose DME through the presence of exudation. We present a new publicly available dataset with ground-truth data containing 169 patients from various ethnic groups and levels of DME. This and other two publi…

Databases Factualgenetic structuresFeature extractionDiabetic macular edemaHealth Informatics02 engineering and technologySensitivity and SpecificityMacular Edema030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingPattern Recognition Automated03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineWavelet decompositionWaveletImage Interpretation Computer-Assisted[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFalse positive paradoxMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionGround truthDiabetic RetinopathyRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsDiabetic retinopathyExudates and Transudatesmedicine.diseaseImage EnhancementComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided Designeye diseases[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessClassifier (UML)AlgorithmsRetinoscopy
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Sacro, erotismo e ironia. Il corpo della donna ne "I Miracoli di Val Morel" di Dino Buzzati

2018

Ne "I miracoli di Val Morel" (1971) – una raccolta di immaginarie pitture votive originarie della valle bellunese e dedicate a Santa Rita – Dino Buzzati contrappone due tipi femminili: la peccatrice e la santa; la donna lussuriosa e la donna casta; la donna della tentazione e la donna della salvezza; la donna che espone il proprio corpo allo sguardo maschile e la donna pudica in abiti agostiniani. Le due figure femminili non costituiscono però una semplice contrapposizione tra due tipi ideali di donna, estetici o moraleggianti, ma la loro compresenza, nel testo verbale e visivo, si lega strettamente alle strategie di veridizione o, detto altrimenti, alla ricerca della verità, tema centrale …

Dino BuzzatipitturaveridizionetruthI Miracoli di Val Morelpaintingex voto
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