Search results for "UAS"

showing 10 items of 1619 documents

Accretion in strong field gravity with eXTP

2019

In this paper we describe the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for studies related to accretion flows in the strong field gravity regime around both stellar-mass and supermassive black-holes. eXTP has the unique capability of using advanced 'spectral-timing-polarimetry' techniques to analyze the rapid variations with three orthogonal diagnostics of the flow and its geometry, yielding unprecedented insight into the inner accreting regions, the effects of strong field gravity on the material within them and the powerful outflows which are driven by the accretion process.

ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEIAccretionaccretion; black holes physics; X-ray; Physics and Astronomy (all)black holes physicAstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBlack holes physicsPolarimetryFOS: Physical sciencesBLACK-HOLE SPINGeneral Physics and AstronomyStrong fieldAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesX-rayPhysics and Astronomy (all)ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisicablack holes physicsaccretion0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)XMM-NEWTONPhysicsLENS-THIRRING PRECESSION[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]IRON KAccretion (astrophysics)X ray[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]ULTRA-FAST OUTFLOWSAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsSPECTRAL FEATURESAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]X-RAY BINARIESScience China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy
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Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution

2020

Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Open Access funding provided by Max Planck Society.--All authors: Kim, Jae-Young; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Broderick, Avery E.; Wielgus, Maciek; Blackburn, Lindy; Gómez, José L.; Johnson, Michael D.; Bouman, Katherine L.; Chael, Andrew; Akiyama, Kazunori; Jorstad, Svetlana; Marscher, Alan P.; Issaoun, Sara; Janssen, Michael; Chan, Chi-kwan; Savolainen, Tuomas; Pesce, Dominic W.; Özel, Feryal; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walt…

ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEIBrightnessActive galactic nucleusactive [Galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstronomygalaxies: activeAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesSubmillimeter ArrayFLOWSSCALE CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION0103 physical sciencesVery-long-baseline interferometryBlazar010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsEvent Horizon Telescope[PHYS]Physics [physics]Jet (fluid)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsFLAREgalaxies: jetsindividual: 3C 279 [Galaxies]LONGVARIABILITYgalaxies: individual: 3C 279GAMMA-RAYQUASARS13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Sciencetechniques: interferometricBrightness temperatureACCRETION DISKSinterferometric [Techniques]jets [Galaxies]RELATIVISTIC JETS[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astronomy & astrophysics
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On the selection of AGN neutrino source candidates for a source stacking analysis with neutrino telescopes

2006

The sensitivity of a search for sources of TeV neutrinos can be improved by grouping potential sources together into generic classes in a procedure that is known as source stacking. In this paper, we define catalogs of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and use them to perform a source stacking analysis. The grouping of AGN into classes is done in two steps: first, AGN classes are defined, then, sources to be stacked are selected assuming that a potential neutrino flux is linearly correlated with the photon luminosity in a certain energy band (radio, IR, optical, keV, GeV, TeV). Lacking any secure detailed knowledge on neutrino production in AGN, this correlation is motivated by hadronic AGN mode…

AMANDAActive galactic nucleusAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsIceCubeLuminosityAGNNeutrinosBlazarAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAGN; AMANDA; IceCube; Neutrinos; Point sources; Source stackingAstroparticle physicsPhysicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)Point sourcesAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarSource stackingNeutrino detectorAstronomiaHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino
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Search for Extraterrestrial Point Sources of Neutrinos with AMANDA-II

2003

We present the results of a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos in the northern hemisphere using AMANDA-II data collected in the year 2000. Included are flux limits on several AGN blazars, microquasars, magnetars and other candidate neutrino sources. A search for excesses above a random background of cosmic-ray-induced atmospheric neutrinos and misreconstructed downgoing cosmic-ray muons reveals no statistically significant neutrino point sources. We show that AMANDA-II has achieved the sensitivity required to probe known TeV gamma-ray sources such as the blazar Markarian 501 in its 1997 flaring state at a level where neutrino and gamma-ray fluxes are equal.

AMANDAcosmic radiation [neutrino]Solar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaparticle source [cosmic radiation]General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsmagnetic [matter]Astrophysicsnumerical methodsddc:550quasarBlazarAstroparticle physicsPhysicsphotomultipliercosmic radiation [muon]water [Cherenkov counter]Astrophysics (astro-ph)AstronomySolar neutrino problemCosmic neutrino backgroundNeutrino detectorMeasurements of neutrino speedHigh Energy Physics::Experimentflux [cosmic radiation]blazar [AGN]data managementNeutrinoupper limitexperimental results
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Detection of deuterated molecules, but not of lithium hydride, in the z = 0.89 absorber toward PKS 1830−211

2020

Deuterium and lithium are light elements of high cosmological and astrophysical importance. In this work we report the first detection of deuterated molecules and a search for lithium hydride, 7LiH, at redshift z=0.89 in the spiral galaxy intercepting the line of sight to the quasar PKS1830-211. We used ALMA to observe several submillimeter lines of ND, NH2D, and HDO, and their related isotopomers NH2, NH3, and H2^18O, in absorption against the southwest image of the quasar, allowing us to derive XD/XH abundance ratios. The absorption spectra mainly consist of two distinct narrow velocity components for which we find remarkable differences. One velocity component shows XD/XH abundances that…

Absorption spectroscopyquasarsFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementAstrophysics01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesISM -galaxiesgalaxiesindividual010303 astronomy & astrophysicsLine (formation)Physics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Spiral galaxy010308 nuclear & particles physicsmolecules -radio linesAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesRedshift3. Good healthPKS 1830−211 -galaxiesabundances -ISMDeuteriumchemistry13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceLithium hydride[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)Lithium[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]absorption lines -quasars
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Long-term monitoring of mrk 501 for its very high energy γ emission and a flare in 2011 october

2012

"As one of the brightest active blazars in both X-ray and very high energy γ -ray bands, Mrk 501, is very useful for" "physics associated with jets from active galactic nuclei. The ARGO-YBJ experiment has monitored Mrk 501 for γ - rays above 0.3 TeV since 2007 November. The largest flare since 2005 was observed from 2011 October and lasted until about 2012 April. In this paper, a detailed analysis of this event is reported. During the brightest γ -ray flaring episodes from 2011 October 17 to November 22, an excess of the event rate over 6σ is detected by ARGO-YBJ in the direction of Mrk 501, corresponding to an increase of the γ -ray flux above 1 TeV by a factor of 6.6 ± 2.2 from its steady…

Active galactic nucleusactive" ["galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFluxAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral linelaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesBlazar010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsindividual (Markarian 501) – galaxies: active – gamma rays: general – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal [BL Lacertae objects]" "general" ["gamma rays]010308 nuclear & particles physicsBL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 501) – galaxies: active – gamma rays: general – radiation mechanisms: non-thermalSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarGalaxyindividual (Markarian 501)" ["BL Lacertae objects]13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceSpectral energy distributionFlare
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Hepatitis C virus early kinetics and resistance-associated substitution dynamics during antiviral therapy with direct-acting antivirals

2018

The emergence of resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) can compromise the high efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Little is known about RASs selection at very early time points during DAA treatment. Therefore, we analyzed the potential emergence of RASs immediately after therapy initiation. Samples of 71 patients treated with different DAAs were collected at baseline, during therapy (hours 4 and 8; days 1-7; weeks 2-4) or until target not detected. HCV-RNA levels were determined by qPCR, and RASs were detected by deep sequencing. Sixty-three (89%) patients achieved a sustained virological response (SVR), 7 (10%) relapsed, and 1 (1%) experienced a breakthrough. Almost all non-…

AdultMale0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtySustained Virologic ResponseHepatitis C virusHepacivirusViral quasispeciesReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionDIRECT ACTING ANTIVIRALSmedicine.disease_causeAntiviral AgentsGastroenterologyDeep sequencingVirological response03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRecurrenceGenetic EvolutionVirologyInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralHumansMedicineProspective StudiesSelection GeneticAgedAged 80 and overHepatologybusiness.industryAntiviral therapyvirus diseasesHepatitis C ChronicMiddle AgedViral Loaddigestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesAmino Acid SubstitutionRNA ViralFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologySensitivity limitbusinessJournal of Viral Hepatitis
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Trends for genetic variation of Hepatitis C Virus quasispecies in Human Immunodeficiency virus-1 coinfected patients

2007

Chronic infection by Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) causes liver fibrosis, which is accelerated by unknown mechanisms in patients with HIV-1 coinfection. The evolution of HCV quasispecies in this setting of coinfection is not fully understood. To compare HCV quasispecies between HIV-HCV coinfection and HCV monoinfection, we sequenced 340 HCV clones from the HVR-1 and NS3 regions at two different time points in two groups of treatment-naive patients with HCV-1a infection: (1) HIV-HCV positive (n=6); and (2) HIV negative-HCV positive (n=3). In HCV/HIV coinfection, we found a trend for reduced HCV genetic complexity and diversity, and a trend towards reduced dN/dS ratios in the HVR-1 region, especial…

AdultMaleCancer ResearchHepatitis C virusHepacivirusMolecular Sequence DataSequence HomologyHIV InfectionsHepacivirusViral quasispeciesViral Nonstructural Proteinsmedicine.disease_causeArticleViral ProteinsAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)VirologymedicineCluster AnalysisHumansPhylogenyNS3biologyGenetic Variationvirus diseasesSequence Analysis DNAHepatitis CHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologydigestive system diseasesCD4 Lymphocyte CountChronic infectionInfectious DiseasesImmunologyCoinfectionRNA ViralVirus Research
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Deterministic chaos and the first positive Lyapunov exponent: a nonlinear analysis of the human electroencephalogram during sleep

1993

Under selected conditions, nonlinear dynamical systems, which can be described by deterministic models, are able to generate so-called deterministic chaos. In this case the dynamics show a sensitive dependence on initial conditions, which means that different states of a system, being arbitrarily close initially, will become macroscopically separated for sufficiently long times. In this sense, the unpredictability of the EEG might be a basic phenomenon of its chaotic character. Recent investigations of the dimensionality of EEG attractors in phase space have led to the assumption that the EEG can be regarded as a deterministic process which should not be mistaken for simple noise. The calcu…

AdultMaleGeneral Computer ScienceModels NeurologicalChaoticSystems TheoryLyapunov exponentsymbols.namesakeControl theoryAttractorHumansStatistical physicsMathematicsSleep StagesButterfly effectQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionElectroencephalographyMiddle AgedNonlinear systemData Interpretation StatisticalPhase spaceQuasiperiodic functionsymbolsSleep StagesSleepCyberneticsBiotechnologyBiological Cybernetics
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The impact of pictorial health warnings on tobacco products in smokers behaviours and knowledge: The first quasi-experimental field trial after the i…

2019

Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate in the Italian smokers, the effects of implementation of the law about Pictorial Health Warnings (PHWs) on tobacco products.Methods. A quasi-experimental longitudinal design was conducted between 2016 and 2017. The data were collected before (pre-PHW/Wave 1) and after (post-PHW/Wave 2) the implementation of the law. The adopted questionnaire included impact of advertisement (Label Impact Index, LII), quitting behavior and knowledge of tobacco related diseases.Results. 455 respondents completed both the Waves. 7.7% of smokers declared to have stopped smoking in Wave 2 and 29% of these declared the PHWs as one of the reasons to quit. The knowle…

AdultMaleHealth Knowledge Attitudes Practicehealth warningQuasi-experimental studyProduct LabelingPictorial warningsPictorial Works as TopicYoung AdultPictorial warningAdvertisingSurveys and QuestionnairesHealth labelHumansLongitudinal StudiesHealth labelsHealth warningsPracticeMotivationpictorial warnings health labels health warnings tobacco advertisement quasi-experimental studyHealth KnowledgeTobacco advertisementTobacco ProductsTobacco Use DisorderMiddle AgedItalyAttitudesFemaleSmoking CessationHealth labels; Health warnings; Pictorial warnings; Quasi-experimental study; Tobacco advertisementpictorial warnings; health labels; health warnings; tobacco advertisement; quasi-experimental studyHealth labels; Health warnings; Pictorial warnings; Quasi-experimental study; Tobacco advertisement; Adult; Advertising; Female; Health Knowledge Attitudes Practice; Humans; Italy; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Pictorial Works as Topic; Smoking Cessation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Products; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult; Product Labeling
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