Search results for "UI"
showing 10 items of 43725 documents
Impact of Oak Wood Barrel Tannin Potential and Toasting on White Wine Antioxidant Stability
2019
International audience; Wines aged in oak wood barrels with various uniform tannin contents (which were classified according to their total ellagitannins contents as predicted by Near Infrared Spectroscopy on the untoasted wood) and different toasting levels (high precision toasting by radiation) were distinguished according to their overall abilities to resist against oxidation. Wine trials were carried out on two different vintages (2015, 2016) and three grape varieties (Sauvignon blanc, Sémillon, Chardonnay). Regardless of the vintage and the wine matrix, a relationship was established between wine oxidative stability (based on EPR spin trapping methodology) and oak barrel tannin potenti…
Tree-Ripe Mango Fruit: Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant Properties and Sensory Profile of Six Mediterranean-Grown Cultivars
2020
Some of the key components that contribute to the acceptance of high-quality fresh mangoes by consumers are its flavour, odour, texture and chemical constituents that depend mainly on level of maturity. In the European market, the demand for tree-ripened fruit has increased in recent decades. Nevertheless, the qualitative response and the marketable characteristics of tree-ripened mango fruit grown in the Mediterranean area are not yet studied. Tree-ripened fruits of cv Keitt, Glenn, Osteen, Maya, Kensington Pride and Tommy Atkins were submitted to analytical (fruit weight, transversal diameter, longitudinal diameter, flesh firmness, total soluble solid content, titratable acidity, seed wei…
Native-Invasive Plants vs. Halophytes in Mediterranean Salt Marshes: Stress Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Related Species
2016
Dittrichia viscosa is a Mediterranean ruderal species that over the last decades has expanded into new habitats, including coastal salt marshes, ecosystems that are per se fragile and threatened by human activities. To assess the potential risk that this native-invasive species represents for the genuine salt marsh vegetation, we compared its distribution with that of Inula crithmoides, a taxonomically related halophyte, in three salt marshes located in “La Albufera” Natural Park, near the city of Valencia (East Spain). The presence of D. viscosa was restricted to areas of low and moderate salinity, while I. crithmoides was also present in the most saline zones of the salt marshes. Analyses…
Heterozygosity-fitness correlations in adult and juvenile Zenaida Dove, Zenaida aurita.
2013
10 pages; International audience; Understanding how fitness is related to genetic variation is of crucial importance in both evolutionary ecology and conservation biology. We report a study of heterozygosity-fitness correlations in a wild, noninbred population of Zenaida Doves, Zenaida aurita, based on a sample comprising 489 individuals (382 adults and 107 juveniles) typed at 13 microsatellite loci, resulting in a data set comprising 5793 genotypes. In both adults and juveniles, and irrespective of sex, no evidence was found for an effect of either multilocus or single-locus heterozygosity on traits potentially related to fitness such as foraging tactic, competitive ability, and fluctuatin…
Influence des phosphates naturels et des mycorhizes à vésicules et à arbuscules sur la croissance et la nutrition minérale de Zizyphus mauritiana Lam…
1998
Rock phosphate and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza effects on growth and mineral nutrition of Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. in an alkaline soil. The influence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and rock phosphate (RP) was studied on jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.), a multipurpose fruit tree in Sahelian agroforestry systems. Jujubes were inoculated or not by Clomus manihotis Howeler, Sieverding & Schenck in an alkaline sandy soil to which were added five levels of RP (12 % of P) : 0.00, 0.31, 0.62, 1.25 et 2.50 g P/kg of soil, equivalent to 0, 775, 1 550, 3 125 et 6 250 kg P ha -1 . The jujubes seedlings grew poorly without mycorrhizal colonization and without RP applications (figures 1a…
Interannual memory effects for spring NDVI in semi-arid South Africa
2008
[1] Almost 20 years of Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) and precipitation (PPT) data are analysed to better understand the interannual memory effects on vegetation dynamics observed at regional scales in Southern Africa (SA). The study focuses on a semi-arid region (25°S–31°S; 21°E–26°E) during the austral early summer (September–December). The memory effects are examined using simple statistical approaches (linear correlations and regressions) which require the definition of an early summer vegetation predictand (December NDVI minus September NDVI) and a consistent set of potential predictors (rainfall amount, number of rainy days, rainfall intensity, NDVI and Rain-Use-Efficie…
An ecological multi-Level theory of competition for resources used to analyse density-dependence effects in fruit production
2014
International audience; Lescourret and Génard (2003) developed a multi-level theory of competition for resources applied to fruit production, considering that any collection of unit parts (cells or seeds in a fruit, fruits in an infructescence or in a tree...) can form a population and the population is subject to competition, whatever the level of organization. The principles of the theory are that the mass of each unit decreases when the number of units in the population increases and that the total mass of the population increases as the number of units increases until it reaches a maximum, after which it decreases. A three-parameter model based on that theory was used to analyse the lev…
Fruit size in relation to competition for resources: A common model shared by two species and several genotypes grown under contrasted carbohydrate l…
2012
International audience; Fruit size is one important criterion of fruit external quality affecting consumer acceptance. The effects of seed number on fruit size in two fleshy fruits, grape and tomato, of different genotypes and grown under distinct carbohydrate availability levels were analyzed with a model. The two-parameter model described within-fruit resource competition and was able to well represent the commonly observed decrease in fresh weight per seed along with the increase in number of seeds, regardless of species, genotypes, and carbohydrate levels that were evaluated in this study. However, carbohydrate levels largely modified the correlation between seed number and fresh weight…
Free Radicals Mediate Systemic Acquired Resistance
2014
Summary: Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of resistance that protects plants against a broad spectrum of secondary infections. However, exploiting SAR for the protection of agriculturally important plants warrants a thorough investigation of the mutual interrelationships among the various signals that mediate SAR. Here, we show that nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as inducers of SAR in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, genetic mutations that either inhibit NO/ROS production or increase NO accumulation (e.g., a mutation in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase [GSNOR]) abrogate SAR. Different ROS function additively to generate the fatty-acid-derived azel…
Cadmium-induced oxidative damage and protective action of fractioned red beet (Beta vulgaris) root juice in chickens
2018
Article Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most dangerous environmental bioaccumulative pollutants that affects many organs in humans and animals. Present investigation was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of fractioned red beetroot juice on Cd - induced oxidative stress in chickens. The named red beetroot juice fraction (BJF) was received by juice ultrafiltration. Per oral administration of BJF for 10 days followed by dietar y Cd exposure (50 mg kg - 1 of diet) was evaluated in the in vivo experiments in chickens. The prominent increase of Cd concentration in blood plasma, liver and kidney provoked the rise of oxidative processes activity in organs. BJF treatment attenuated the Cd - ind…