Search results for "ULN"
showing 10 items of 1078 documents
Vulnerability, Freedom of Choice and Structural Global Injustices: The “Consent” to Exploitation of Migrant Women Workers
2019
This chapter analyzes the philosophical implications related to the “position of vulnerability” defined by the Directive 2011/36/EU on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and Protecting its Victims as “a situation in which the person concerned has no real or acceptable alternative but to submit to the abuse involved” (art. 2.2). In particular, the chapter focuses on the “choice” made by migrant women employed in care and domestic work and in the agricultural sector in Italy. The Italian labor market is marked by the exploitation of migrant women, especially women from Romania, due to social, economic and legal factors that will be considered from a gender perspective. Women…
The Social Nature of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases and How to Tackle Them Through Communication Technology, Training, and Outreach
2011
As world leaders prepare for the United Nations High Level Meeting on Noncommunicable Diseases, to take place in September 2011, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and economic and business fora have created new alliances and initiatives to accelerate research, advocacy, and political commitment. This article argues that the time is propitious to reflect on the social nature of the most common behavioral noncommunicable disease determinants, including tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet. Evidence is presented related to the fact that these diseases are profoundly rooted in social and community ties and points to the need for a modern com…
The influence of agriculture on the structural economic vulnerability of small island spaces: Assessment using DEA based composite indicators
2020
Small island spaces are confronted with significant disadvantages that ultimately result in strong economic vulnerability. The conventional literature emphasizes the main role of agriculture in generating structural vulnerability. Specifically, the higher the weight of agriculture compared to other sectors is, the more structurally vulnerable an economy is. However, the recent food crises revealed that the economic dependence on agriculture is not a problem on its own, but the issue is rather the efficiency of this sector along with the orientation of domestic production towards diversification and food self-sufficiency. In this paper, we thus propose a new structural economic vulnerability…
Adapting to High Temperatures: Effect of Farm Practices and Their Adoption Duration on Total Value of Crop Production in Uganda
2021
In this article, we use spatially granular climate data merged with four waves of household survey data in Uganda to examine empirically the relationships among high temperatures, total value of crop production, and the adoption and adoption duration of two sustainable agricultural practices (organic fertilizer adoption and maize–legume intercropping). We do this using a fixed-effect model with instrumental variables to address potential endogeneity issues. Our findings indicate that the adoption of these practices has a positive effect on the total value of crop production, and such effect increases monotonically as temperatures increase from long-term averages. Moreover, the number of yea…
Forecasting Financial Crises and Contagion in Asia using Dynamic Factor Analysis
2009
Abstract In this paper we use principal components analysis to obtain vulnerability indicators able to predict financial turmoil. Probit modelling through principal components and also stochastic simulation of a Dynamic Factor model are used to produce the corresponding probability forecasts regarding the currency crisis events affecting a number of East Asian countries during the 1997–1998 period. The principal components model improves upon a number of competing models, in terms of out-of-sample forecasting performance.
Development of capabilities from the innovation of the perspective of poverty and disability
2017
Abstract Poverty is a reality that is present to a greater or lesser extent in all regions of the world. Disability, like poverty, is also a reality in the society in which we live. Disability is not only a reality, but an inescapable truth, as at some point in life all people will be vulnerable and will exhibit some form of disability. When combined, poverty and disability immerse a person in more serious circumstances. Within the concept of poverty, disability means greater poverty. Based on a correct conceptualization of what poverty and disability are, this paper aims at proposing an innovative model of accompaniment, one which starts from a complete and multidimensional vision of reali…
La relación causa-efecto entre exclusión/inclusión social y financiera. Una aproximación teórica
2021
La realidad social y económica actual representada en situaciones de vulnerabilidad y desigualdad ha dejado al descubierto tipos de exclusión que no estaban abordados en los diferentes estudios, como son los casos de la exclusión financiera y social, dado que tales conceptos eran comúnmente identificados en términos de pobreza, miseria o marginalidad, entre otros. Estas nuevas categorías de estudio dan lugar a la búsqueda de estrategias que permitan disminuir esa brecha de desigualdad, mediante el estudio de la relación entre la inclusión financiera y la inclusión social. En esta línea, el presente trabajo tiene como propósito desarrollar una aproximación teórica que visibilice la relación …
Adaptation interventions and their effect on vulnerability in developing countries: Help, hindrance or irrelevance?
2021
This paper critically reviews the outcomes of internationally-funded interventions aimed at climate change adaptation and vulnerability reduction. It highlights how some interventions inadvertently reinforce, redistribute or create new sources of vulnerability. Four mechanisms drive these maladaptive outcomes: (i) shallow understanding of the vulnerability context; (ii) inequitable stakeholder participation in both design and implementation; (iii) a retrofitting of adaptation into existing development agendas; and (iv) a lack of critical engagement with how ‘adaptation success’ is defined. Emerging literature shows potential avenues for overcoming the current failure of adaptation intervent…
A note on comparative downside risk aversion
2005
International audience; We provide comparative global conditions for downside risk aversion, which are similar to the ones studied by Ross for risk aversion. We define a coefficient of downside risk aversion, and study its local properties.
Commoning of territorial heritage and tools of participated sustainability for the production and enhancement of agro-environmental public goods
2021
AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to analyze how the commoning heritage processes find application for the production of agro-environmental public goods in contexts of high socio-economic marginality and environmental vulnerability, characterized by abandonment and from the consumption of agricultural land for food use. The purpose is to understand how these processes are able to influence, at local level, the governance processes for the implementation of environmental protection strategies. The survey made it possible to verify how the commoning processes aimed at the production of agro-environmental goods generate territorial resilience, understood as a community competence able to st…